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In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to the 鈥渟upreme region鈥�, according to the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 2.2.23. Accordingly as Brah尘腻 narrated to N腻rada:鈥斺�淸...] One day after delighting the lord with her devotion and obeisance Sat墨, the daughter of Dak峁�a, spoke thus to 艢iva: 鈥榌...] O lord, please explain that activity which enables people, to obtain the supreme region (parama) and free themselves from worldly bondage鈥欌��.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

笔补谤补尘腻 (啶�啶班ぎ啶�).鈥擲ages.^*

• * Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 200. 17.

context information

The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Shilpashastra (iconography)

: Shodhganga: The significance of the m奴la-beras (艣颈濒辫补)

Parama (啶�啶班��, 鈥渉ighest鈥�) refers to a classification of Hindu images, as defined in the texts dealing with 艣颈濒辫补 (arts and crafs), known as 艣颈濒辫补艣腻stras.鈥擨mages are classified into five forms, namely parama, 惫测奴丑补, 惫颈产丑腻惫补, 补苍迟补谤测腻尘颈 and 补谤肠腻. Parama means the ultimate or the highest. In short, parama, 惫测奴丑补 and 惫颈产丑腻惫补 stand for the subtle states in which the para尘腻tman exists everywhere and eternally.

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Shilpashastra (啶多た啶侧�嵿お啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 艣颈濒辫补艣腻stra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to:鈥擴ltimate. (cf. Glossary page from 艢r墨 B峁沨ad-b丑腻gavat腻m峁泃a).

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Vaishnava (啶掂�堗し啷嵿ぃ啶�, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

1) 笔补谤补尘腻 (啶�啶班ぎ啶�) refers to the 鈥渟upreme energy鈥� which is associated with K腻mar奴pa, one of the sacred seats (辫墨峁环补), according to the Mant丑腻nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik腻.

2) Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to one of the eight Heroes (惫墨谤补-补峁ａ弓补办补) associated with N腻da辫墨峁环补 (identified with Kul奴ta), according to the Mant丑腻nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik腻.鈥擺...] The eight Heroes (惫墨谤腻峁ａ弓补办补): V墨re艣a, Suma峁単ala, Ma丑腻ja峁単ala, Hu峁僰腻ra, Su艣腻nti, Parama, Prabodha, Pra艣腻nta.

: Shodhganga: Saudarya Lahari of Sri Sankara A Study

Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to one of the 62 rays of the Ma峁噄p奴ra-Cakra which (together with the 54 rays of the An腻hata) are associated with the solar plane called Vi峁ａ箛ugranthi, according to 艢a峁卥ar腻c腻rya鈥檚 Saudaryalahar墨.鈥擜ccordingly, the Goddess is visualised (by S腻dhaka) as dwelling above the six 膧d丑腻racakras ruling over the 360 rays which emanate in them [e.g., Parama]. These 360 rays represent 360 syllables (i.e., a consummation of the 艣补产诲补辫谤补辫补帽肠补 or 50 alphabets) as well as the principles of nature. For the 360 syllables, together with 丑补峁� and 蝉补岣�, Ny腻sa should be performed for 艢r墨cakra辫奴箩腻.

Note: Parama also refers to one of the 72 rays of the Vi艣uddhi-Cakra.

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Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕�嵿��, 艣腻kta) or Shaktism (艣腻ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Shaiva philosophy

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to the 鈥渉ighest (level of reality)鈥�, according to the 莫艣varapratyabhij帽腻viv峁泃ivimar艣in墨.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭he highest level [of reality] (辫补谤补尘补-产丑奴尘颈), although it is concealed to the highest point within the [艢aiva nondualistic] scriptures, is absolutely never unmanifest; rather, it is always [in the process of] manifesting [itself]鈥攖his is the gist [of Utpaladeva鈥檚 answer]. And [Utpaladeva] has explained this in the verse on [the Self being] always already established鈥�.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions

1) Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to the 鈥渉ighest (cosmic level)鈥�, according to the J帽腻naratn腻val墨, (p. 268).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淗aving purified the 艣颈惫补诲丑补谤尘墨, he should join him with the highest cosmic level (parama-pada鈥�parame pade), and after having performed his post-initiatory obligations liberation will come about at death. Having lifted up the 濒辞办补诲丑补谤尘墨 to the desired [level] of the presiding deity, he should bring about the qualities of this [deity in the candidate] or [unite him] in 艢iva, for those who desire liberation鈥�

2) 笔补谤补尘腻 (啶�啶班ぎ啶�) (or Aghor墨, Yoge艣墨) (seed-syllable: 丑腻) refers to one of the eight Mother-goddesses (M腻t峁泂) of the pantheon of Mantra-deities, according to the Brahmay腻mala-tantra (or Picumata), an early 7th century 艢aiva text consisting of twelve-thousand verses.鈥擯atterning the processes of inner and outer ritual is the Brahmay腻mala鈥檚 pantheon of mantra-deities, whose core comprises the Four Goddesses or Guhyak腻s, Four Consorts or Handmaidens, and their lord, Kap腻l墨艣abhairava. Secondary members of the pantheon are a sextet of Yogin墨s and an octad of Mother-goddesses [e.g., 笔补谤补尘腻].

Note: The eighth M腻t峁�, the supreme 艣补办迟颈, 笔补谤补尘腻, also called Aghor墨 or Yoge艣墨, pervades the entire body, lacking a lotus base and being devoid of ancillary mantras.

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Shaiva (啶多�堗��, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Pancaratra (worship of N腻r腻ya峁嘺)

Source: Wisdom Library: Pancaratra (Samhita list)

1) Parama (啶�啶班��) is the name of an ancient P腻帽car腻tra Sa峁僪it腻 mentioned in the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it腻 covering the entire range of concerns of P腻帽car腻tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擺Cf. J帽腻nap腻da chapter 1, verses 99-114]鈥擣irst is explained the folly of following more than one Sa峁僪it腻 for a single series of rituals. Then the names of the 108 Tantras of the P腻帽car腻tra corpus are named [e.g., Parama]. Even those who repeat these 108 titles will gain salvation.

2) Parama (啶�啶班��) or Paramasa峁僪it腻 is also mentioned in the 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 2200 Sanskrit verses mainly dealing with temple-building, iconography, 辫奴箩腻 (worship procedures), utsava (festivities) and 辫谤腻测补艣肠颈迟迟补 (expiatory measures).

3) Parama (啶�啶班��) or Paramasa峁僪it腻 is also mentioned in the 痴颈艣惫腻尘颈迟谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 2600 Sanskrit verses covering topics such as initiation (诲墨办峁Ｄ�) and the construction, decoration and consecration of temples and icons, as well as routines of regular and special worship cycles.鈥�

4) Parama (啶�啶班��) or Paramasa峁僪it腻 is also mentioned in the 贬补测补艣墨谤峁�a蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a large P腻帽car腻tra 膧gama consisting of roughly 6500 verses dealing primarily with architecture, temple-building and consecration rituals and iconography.

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts

Parama (啶�啶班��) or Paramamudr腻 refers to one of the 81 Mudr腻s (hand-gestures) described in chapter 2 of the 峁氠梗ir腻tra section of the 厂补苍补迟办耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: an encyclopedic Sanskrit text written in over 3500 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as yoga, temple-building, consecration ceremonies, initiation and dhanurveda (martial arts).鈥擺Cf. the chapter 尘耻诲谤腻-濒补办峁�a峁嘺].

context information

Pancaratra (啶�啶距�炧�嵿�氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p腻帽car腻tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

: Journey to Nibbana: Patthana Dhama

Parama means farthest, superior, highest, most excellent, est.

: Buddhist Information: A Survey of Paramattha Dhammas

Parama means: superior, highest;

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Therav腻da is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Par腻ma (啶�啶班ぞ啶�) refers to 鈥渟upreme (doctrine)鈥�, according to Ma丑腻praj帽腻p腻ramit腻艣腻stra (chapter 2).鈥擜ccordingly, [...] In this stanza, the Buddha does not say that it is the generous person who will obtain joy, or the person with knowledge, morality, patience, energy, 诲丑测腻苍补, or wisdom. The Buddha is speaking only of the faithful. His intention is the following: My supreme (辫补谤腻尘补) profound doctrine is subtle, immense, incalculable, inconceivable, immoveable, without support, without attachment and without perceived object. But it is not true that the omniscient one (蝉补谤惫补箩帽腻) is unable to explain it. That is why, in the Buddha鈥檚 doctrine, the power of faith is primordial. It is by faith that one enters into it and not by generosity, discipline, patience, energy, 诲丑测腻苍补 or wisdom.

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Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, ma丑腻y腻na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽腻p腻ramit腻 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Parama (啶�啶班��) refers to the 鈥渉ighest (bliss)鈥�, according to the 11th century J帽腻n腻r峁嘺va, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by 艢ubhacandra.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭he one who is doing good actions, whose conduct is pure, is engaged in external asceticism to such an extent and then there is the highest meditation which is abstaining from anything perceptible by the senses [and] resting in the self. He destroys the mass of karmas accumulated for a very long time which is sticking within then he is immersed in the ocean of knowledge which is the abode of the highest bliss (辫补谤补尘补-腻苍补苍诲补-苍颈濒补测补). [Thus ends the reflection on] wearing away karma鈥�.

Synonyms: Para, Prak峁涐梗峁璦.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

: Project Gutenberg: Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 1

Parama (鈥渉ighest鈥�) is one of the gotras (clans) among the Kurnis (a tribe of South India). Kurni is, according to the Census Report 1901, 鈥渁 corruption of kuri (sheep) and vanni (wool), the caste having been originally weavers of wool鈥�. The gotras (viz., Parama) are described as being of the Br腻hman, Kshatriya, and Vaisya sub-divisions of the caste, and of Shanmukha鈥檚 Sudra caste.

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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

parama : (adj.) superior; best; excellent.

: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Parama, (adj.) (Vedic parama; superl. formation of para, lit. 鈥渇arthest, 鈥� cp. similarly, although fr. diff. base, Lat. pr墨mus) highest, most excellent, superior, best; paraphrased by agga se峁�峁環a visi峁�峁環a at Nd² 502 A= Nd¹ 84, 102 (the latter reading vise峁�峁環a for visi峁�峁環a); by uttama at DhA. III, 237; VvA. 78.鈥�D. I, 124 (ettaka掳); M. II, 120 (掳nipacca); S. I, 166; II, 277; V, 230; A. V, 64 (掳di峁�峁環a-dhamma-nibb腻na); Sn. 138 (yasa峁� parama峁� patto), 296 (掳腻 mitt腻), 788 (sudd丑补峁� 掳峁� aroga峁�), 1071 (sa帽帽腻vimokhe 掳e vimutto); Dh. 184 (nibb腻na峁� 掳峁� vadanti Budd丑腻). 203, 243; Vv 16¹ (掳ala峁卥ata= parama峁� ativiya visesato VvA. 78) Pv. II, 9¹⁰ (掳颈诲诲丑颈); Pug. 15, 16, 66; SnA 453 (掳issara); PvA. 12 (掳nipacca). 15 (掳duggandha), 46.鈥擜t the end of a cpd. (-掳) 鈥渁t the outmost, at the highest, at most; as a minimum, at least鈥� Vin. IV, 263 (dva峁単ula-pabba掳); esp. frequent in phrase 蝉补迟迟补办办丑补迟迟耻掳 one who will be reborn seven times at the outmost, i.e. at the end of the 7 rebirthinterval S. II, 185 (sa掳); V, 205; A. I, 233; IV, 381; V, 120; It. 18; Kvu 469. See p腻ram墨 & p腻ramit腻.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipi峁璦ka, which is the sacred canon of Therav腻da Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha鈥檚 speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

parama (啶�啶班��).鈥攁 (S) Best, superior, most excellent. 2 Chief, principal, uttermost. More frequently used in comp. with nouns, thus producing a superlativeness of signification; as paramamary腻d腻, para尘腻nna &c.; or as an enhancing prefix to adjectives; as paramaka峁環艒ra, paramaka峁環ina, paramanirdaya, paramacatura: also alone and adverbially, in the sense of Much, very, exceedingly.

--- OR ---

para尘腻 (啶�啶班ぎ啶�).鈥攎 (辫谤补尘脓丑补 S) Gonorrh艙a or gleet. See 辫补谤补尘脓峁�.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

parama (啶�啶班��).鈥�a Best, superior. Chief, principal. Alone and adverbially, in the sense of Much, very, exceedingly.

--- OR ---

para尘腻 (啶�啶班ぎ啶�).鈥�m Gonorrh艙a or gleet. See 辫补谤补尘脓峁�.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��).鈥�a. [para峁� paratva峁� 尘腻ti-ka Tv.]

1) Most distant, last.

2) Highest, best, most excellent, greatest; 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距お啷嵿え啷嬥い啶� 啶�啶班ぎ啶距�� 啶椸い啶苦ぎ啷� (pr腻pnoti para尘腻峁� gatim) Manusm峁泃i 4.14;7.1;2.13.

3) Chief, principal, primary, supreme; 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啶ムぞ 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距す啷嵿ぎ啶｀ぞ啶� 啶�啷傕�溹�嵿く啶距�� 啶�啶班ぎ啶� 啶︵�堗さ啶む�� 啶灌た 啶むい啷� (sarvat丑腻 br腻hma峁嚹遽弗 p奴jy腻岣� parama峁� daivata峁� hi tat) Manusm峁泃i 9.319.

4) Exceeding, extreme.

5) Adequate, sufficient; 啶�啶班ぎ啶� 啶�啶む�嵿え啶�啶距い啶苦し啷嵿�犩�囙い啷� 啶膏�嵿い啷囙え啶距え啶距�� 啶ㄠた啶椸�嵿ぐ啶灌�� 啶ㄠ�冟お啶� (parama峁� yatna尘腻ti峁ａ弓het sten腻n腻峁� nigrahe n峁沺a岣�) Manusm峁泃i 8.32.

6) Worst.

7) Higher than, superior to; 啶� 啶�啶ㄠ�嵿く啷� 啶掂ぞ啶｀た- 啶溹�嵿く啶距い啷� 啶曕た啶�啶�啶� 啶�啶班ぎ啶� 啶掂ぐ啷嵿い啶ㄠぎ啶苦す (na manye v腻峁噄- jy腻t kimapi parama峁� vartanamiha) Pa帽catantra (Bombay) 1.11.

-mam The utmost or highest; the chief or prominent part; (at the end of comp.) consisting principally of, solely occupied with; 啶曕ぞ啶�啷嬥お啶�啷嬥�椸お啶班ぎ啶� 啶忇い啶距さ啶︵た啶むた 啶ㄠた啶多�嵿�氞た啶むぞ啶� (k腻mopabhogapara尘腻 et腻vaditi ni艣cit腻岣�) Bhagavadg墨t腻 (Bombay) 16.11; Manusm峁泃i 6.96.

-mam ind.

1) A particle of assent, acceptance or agreement (well, very well, yes, be it so); 啶むい啶� 啶�啶班ぎ啶�啶苦い啷嵿く啷佮�曕�嵿い啷嵿さ啶� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶むじ啷嵿ぅ啷� 啶�啷佮え啶苦ぎ啶｀�嵿ぁ啶侧ぎ啷� (tata岣� paramamityuktv腻 pratasthe munima峁囜笉alam) Ku尘腻rasambhava 6.35.

2) Exceedingly, very much; 啶�啶班ぎ啶曕�嵿ぐ啷佮う啷嵿ぇ啶� (辫补谤补尘补办谤耻诲诲丑补岣�) &c.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��).鈥�m. or nt., a high number: 掳masya Ga峁囜笉a惫测奴丑补 105.20. Corresponds to mapara, nt., mavara, also savara (2), qq.v.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��).鈥攎fn.

(-尘补岣�-尘腻-尘补峁�) 1. Best, most excellent. 2. Chief principal, preceding 3. First, chief part. 4. Adequate. ind.

(-尘补峁�) 1. A term of assent, yes 2. A term of command. E. para best, 尘腻 to mete, aff. 岣峚 or 岣峚尘.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��).鈥擺para + ma], I. superl. of para, f. 尘腻. 1. Most excellent, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 1, 108; best, 4, 14. 2. Highest, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 9, 319. 3. Extreme, 8, 302. 4. Worst, [叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺惫颈濒腻辫补] 1, 15. 5. With cetas, All (the heart), [R腻尘腻ya峁嘺] 2, 34, 36. 6. With an abl. it has the signification of the comparat., More excellent, superior, worse; ko nyo sti parama岣� 艣iv腻t, Who is higher than 艢iva, Ma丑腻b丑腻rata 13, 793. Ii. paramam, adv. Yes, Ma丑腻b丑腻rata 3, 17056. Very well, [Johnson's Selections from the Ma丑腻b丑腻rata.] 37, 20. Iii. When latter part of a comp adj. it implies sometimes, 1. Amounting at the most to, Ma丑腻b丑腻rata 2, 2080. 2. Consisting principally of, 5, 1143. 3. Occupied only with, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 6, 96.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��).鈥擺adjective] farthest, last, extreme, best or worst, highest, chiefest; surpassing, better or worse than ([ablative]). 掳鈥� as adj. supreme, chief, [adverb] highly, exceedingly; 鈥斅� = para; [neuter] paramam yes, very well, with pleasure.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

1) Parama (啶�啶班��) as mentioned in Aufrecht鈥檚 Catalogus Catalogorum:鈥擪autukal墨l腻vat墨 jy. B. 4, 120.

2) Parama (啶�啶班��):鈥攕on of Yaduma峁噄, grandson of Pray腻ga, wrote in 1535 for king Mukundasena: Mukundavijaya jy.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Parama (啶�啶班��):鈥擺from para] mf(腻)n. (superl. of para) most distant, remotest, extreme, last, [峁歡-veda] etc. etc.

2) [v.s. ...] chief, highest, primary, most prominent or conspicuous

3) [v.s. ...] best, most excellent, worst (me峁嘺 cetas腻, with all the heart; 尘补-办补峁囜弓丑别苍补, 鈥榳ith all the throat鈥�, roaring, speaking aloud), [ib.]

4) [v.s. ...] (with [ablative]) superior or inferior to, better or worse than, [Ma丑腻b丑腻rata; R腻尘腻ya峁嘺]

5) [v.s. ...] m. Name of 2 authors, [Catalogue(s)]

6) [v.s. ...] n. highest point, extreme limit (肠补迟耻谤-惫颈峁兣沘迟颈-辫, at the utmost 24), [Ma丑腻b丑腻rata] etc.

7) [v.s. ...] n. chief part or matter or object (ifc. f(腻). = consisting chiefly of, completely occupied with or devoted to or intent upon), [Manu-sm峁泃i; Ma丑腻b丑腻rata; K腻vya literature] etc.

8) [from para] n. (also paramain [compound]; See below) very much, excessively, excellently, in the highest degree, [Ma丑腻b丑腻rata; K腻vya literature etc.]

9) 笔腻谤补尘补 (啶�啶距ぐ啶�):鈥擵峁沝dhi form of parama in [compound]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��):鈥擺(ma岣�-尘腻-尘补峁�) a.] Best; chief; first. n. Yes; term of command.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Parama (啶�啶班��) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Parama.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��) [Also spelled param]:鈥�(a) extreme; ultimate; absolute; supreme; best; utmost; (nm) the Supreme Being, God; —[agrat腻] absolute priority; —[gati] liberation, salvation; —[gahana] extremely complicated/incomprehensible; too deep; too difficult; insurmountable; —[tattva] the Essential Element, the Supreme Being; —[t腻pa] absolute temperature; —[pada] the highest seat, liberation, salvation; —[p腻vana] His Holiness; extremely holy, of supreme holiness; —[pit腻] the Creator of all, God; —[辫耻谤耻峁�a] God; —[puru峁Ｄ錼tha] highest Good, summum bonum; —[brahma] God; —[bha峁�峁�腻raka] an ancient honorofic title or form of address to an Emperor; —[ma丑腻尘腻nya] His Exalted Highness; —[尘腻pakrama] absolute scale; ~[丑补峁僺a] the supreme amongst the [sa峁僴y腻s墨]s; a liberated soul, one who has attained transcendental existence.

context information

...

Prakrit-English dictionary

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Parama.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Parama (嗖�嗖班��):鈥�

1) [adjective] situated, lying very far.

2) [adjective] very important or paramount.

3) [adjective] of par-excellence; superior.

4) [adjective] absolutely pure.

5) [adjective] situaed or lying at very end.

6) [adjective] in the fullest sense; complete; absolue.

--- OR ---

Parama (嗖�嗖班��):鈥�

1) [noun] the quality of being preeminently great; par excellence.

2) [noun] the Absolue Being.

3) [noun] (jain.) the Jina, as the supreme religious teacher.

--- OR ---

笔补谤补尘腻 (嗖�嗖班伯嗖�):鈥擺noun] an infectious venereal disease caused by gonococci, characterised by inflamation of the mucous membrane of the genitourinary tract and a discharge of mucous and pus; gonorrhea.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Tamil dictionary

: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

P腻ra尘腻 (喈�喈距�班��喈�) [p腻ra-尘腻] noun < 喈�喈距�班��喁嵚� [辫补谤补尘虏] + 喈�喈�. [ma.] Mango tree; 喈�喈距��喈班��喁�. ((喈氞畽喁嵿畷喈む瘝喈む畷喈班�距�む��) 喈む��喈苦�脆瘝喈氞瘖喈侧瘝喈侧畷喈班�距�む��) [mamaram. ((sangathagarathi) thamizhsollagarathi)]

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Parama (啶�啶班��):鈥攁dj. 1. primordial; first; 2. supreme; excellent; greatest; 3. the highest or the smallest; the most or the least;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Para.

Starts with (+22): Paramabhasvara, Paramabheda, Paramabhumi, Paramabrahma, Paramabrahmacarini, Paramacarita, Paramacetas, Paramadambara, Paramadaruna, Paramadayalu, Paramadhaman, Paramadharmika, Paramadru, Paramaduhkhita, Paramadurmedhas, Paramagopucchika, Paramahamsopanishad, Paramaja, Paramajya, Paramakala.

Full-text (+667): Parameshvara, Paramarsha, Paramatman, Paramahamsa, Paramarthika, Paramanu, Paramananda, Paramartha, Paramagati, Paramahamsya, Paramapurusha, Paramasana, Paramarishi, Paramanna, Paramata, Paramesha, Parameshvari, Paramaishvarya, Paramapada, Paramayus.

Relevant text

Search found 227 books and stories containing Parama, 笔补谤补尘腻, 笔腻谤补尘补, P腻ra尘腻, P腻ra-尘腻, Para-ma, Paaramaa; (plurals include: Paramas, 笔补谤补尘腻s, 笔腻谤补尘补s, P腻ra尘腻s, 尘腻s, mas, Paaramaas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)

Verse 8.21 < [Chapter 8 - T腻raka-brahma-yoga (the Yoga of Absolute Deliverance)]

Verse 8.15 < [Chapter 8 - T腻raka-brahma-yoga (the Yoga of Absolute Deliverance)]

Verses 16.11-12 < [Chapter 16 - Daiv腻sura-sampada-yoga]

+ 36 more chapters / show preview

Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by 艢r墨 艢r墨mad Bhaktived腻nta N腻r腻yana Gosv腻m墨 Ma丑腻r腻ja)

Verse 2.4.80 < [Chapter 4 - Vaiku峁囜弓ha (the spiritual world)]

Verse 1.4.99 < [Chapter 4 - Bhakta (the devotee)]

Verse 2.2.202 < [Chapter 2 - J帽腻na (knowledge)]

+ 85 more chapters / show preview

A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)

Page 308 < [Volume 27 (1937)]

Page 307 < [Volume 1, Part 3 (1905)]

Page 53 < [Volume 12 (1912)]

+ 328 more chapters / show preview

Tirumantiram by Tirumular (English translation)

Verse 2274: In Para-atita Turiya State Jiva Becomes Beyond-Param < [Tantra Eight (ettam tantiram) (verses 2122-2648)]

Verse 44: Shines In Love < [Payiram (preface) (verses 1 to 112)]

Verse 2726: It is End of Jnana < [Tantra Nine (onpatam tantiram) (verses 2649-3047)]

+ 20 more chapters / show preview

Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)

Rig Veda 5.47.4 < [Sukta 47]

Rig Veda 10.95.14 < [Sukta 95]

Rig Veda 1.167.2 < [Sukta 167]

+ 27 more chapters / show preview

Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)

Verse 2.2.12 < [Chapter 2 - Description of Girir腻ja Govardhana鈥檚 Birth]

Verse 2.23.27 < [Chapter 23 - The Killing of 艢a峁卥hac奴岣峚 During the R腻sa-dance Pastime]

Verse 6.13.9 < [Chapter 13 - The Glories of Prab丑腻sa-t墨rtha, the Sarasvat墨 River, etc.]

+ 30 more chapters / show preview

 

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