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The Matsya Purana and the Ramayana [matsyapuranam ramayanam ca] / By Prof. D. R. Mankad; Aliabada, Jamnagar, Gujarat / 159-167

[ valmikiya ramayanasya kiskindhakande 39-42 sradhyayesu bhuvanakosasya vivaranam vidyate | matsyapurane'pi 163 sradhyaye bhuvana- kosavarnanamasti | lekhe'smin vidusa lekhakena ubhayoh kiskindha- kandiyamatsya puraniyabhuvanakosavarnanayoh samyam vivecitam pramanaih sthapitanca yad matsyapuraniyavivaranam kiskindhakandiya bhuvanakosa- vivaranapeksaya pracinataram | ] While editing the Kiskindhakanda for the Baroda Edition of the Ramayana, I came across the problem of parallelisms between the R text and the texts of some of the Puranas particularly Mt(Matsya), Vy (Vayu) and Bd(Brahmanda) I have discussed this problem in the Introduction (See pp. XXXVXLVIII). Here I want to continue the discussion on one question. Adhyayas 39 to 42 of the Kiskindhakanda describe the geography of the four directions and it has been found that the description of the several important places is bodily taken from the Matsya Purana (Adh. 163, 60ff) This I have shown in my Introduction by putting the R text and the Mt text in parallel columns. There I have quoted from the critical edition of the R and noted the various readings also. But about the Mt, I was able to quote from the Venkatesvara Press Edition and was not able to quote various readings for the same. Thereafter I inquired of Shri A. S. Gupta of the All-India Kashiraj Trust, whether the 163rd. Adhyaya of the Mt was collated or not. He said the collation sheets of that Purana were at Madras with Dr. Raghavan. He, however, volunteered to write to Dr. Raghavan and the latter was kind enough to get the collation sheets of the 163rd Adhyaya of the Mt copied for me. I am greatly obliged to both of them for this kind courtsey.

160 puranam - PURAN A [Vol. VIII., No. 1 I have, now, got the collated text of the Mt and give below, at the risk of some repetition also, the text of both the R and the Mt with the different readings. This will enable scholars to judge the matter for themselves. I have noted here only the important readings from the Mt. In fact, these lines of the Mt show that although about 32 MSS, and printed texts have been collated, there are hardly any important readings found. So far as I am concerned the following is worth noting: 1. While discussing Mt 163.62, I have said in the Introduction to the Kiskindha that 'kamala' in the Mt is clearly a mistake, it should be 'Mekala'. I find that this is fully supported by the MSS. 'Mekala' is actually found in 10 MSS of the Mt. Further, this 'mekala' is preserved by the N MSS of the R, which proves what I have said, viz. in these cases the N MSS of the R preserve the original readings. The evidence is quite conclusive here. 2. 3. In the Mt 64cd, 'jambudvipa' has no v. 1., which conclusively proves that the original reading is 'jambu' and not 'Yava'. No MS of the Mt shows any reading like 'jalp', 'jvala', 'caya', or 'Yava' which are found in the R. This shows that no MS of the R preserves the original reading. In 64cd, the reading preserved in N MSS, but not in S MSS. of the Mt is 4. Three MSS of the Mt preserve 'ratnavantam' for 'ratnavata' or 'ratnavara' of the Vulgate. This 'ratnavantam' is supported by the R and is therefore the original reading of the Mt. Here is a case how the original Mt reading is determined by a comparision with the R. 5. Similarly, 12 MSS of the Mt preserve the reading 'kosakaranam (Mt 66a) in place of kosakaranam of the

Jan., 1966] THE MATSYA PURANA AND THE RAMAYANA 161 Vulgate. Here also comparision with the R determines the original reading of the Mt, which is kosakaranam. 6. The R uses Accusative case, but the Vulgate (Mt) uses Nominative in several cases. See Mt 60cd etc. But in almost all such cases, one or the other MS of the Mt shows the Accusative case, which, therefore, is the original. There are numerous such cases. I have not noted all of them. 7. Mt 77c has 'vidyutvan', but R 40-32b has 'vaidyuta'. Here the N MSS of the R preserve the original 'vidyutvan'. 8. Mt 79c has 'visalakaksa', but R 40-36c reads visalarathya'. It is now seen that several MSS of the Mt. read 'visalakaksa'. This shows that the R has translated 'kaksa' by 'rathya' and kaksa is the original reading of the Mt. I would request the reader to refer to my Introduction of the Kiskindha for the textual and other implications of this comparision. I am emboldened to say that a detailed comparision of all the places where the R has borrowed from other sources (other Puranas or the Mbh and other books if any) is likely to be very fruitful, atleast from the textual point of view. In the end, I would note that these lines of the Mt, show that at several places, the printed editions do not preserve the original and correct readings which are now seen in several collated MSS. 21

162 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VIII., No. 1 MATSYA, ADHYAYA 163 60 cd nadi bhagirathi caiva sarayuh kausiki yatha 61 49 62 63 64 a several mss read etc. in acc. yamuna tvatha kaveri krsnavena ca nimnaga suvena ca mahabhaga nadi godavari tatha acc. case is used in several MSS. carmanvati ca sindhusca tatha nadanadipatih kamalaprabhavascaiva sono maninibhodakah ab) acc. used in several MSS. c) mekala in 10 MSS (for kamala in the Vulgate) narmada subhatoya ca tatha vetravati nadi gomati gokulakirna tatha purvasarasvati acc. used in several MSS. mahi kalamahi caiva tamasa puspavahini acc. in several MSS. 64 cd jambudvipam ratnavadham sarvaratnopasobhitam 65 ab suvarnaprakatam caiva suvarnakaramanditam 640) no v.l. for jambudvipa ; ratnavamtam 3 MSS. 65a) patakam putakam for prakatam . 65 cd mahanadam ca lauhityam sailakananasobhitam pattanam korakaranamrsivira janakaram 66 ab a) kosakaranam in 12 MSS. cd magadhasca mahagrama mundah sungastathaiva ca - 3) magadhamsca in 10 MSS : mahagraman several MSS. -d) pumdran in 5 MSS; amgana in 12 MSS; pumdranvamgan 1 MS. 67 ab suhma malla videhasca malavah kasikosalah - a) kurun for sujha 4 MSS ; -b) malavan several MSS. 67 cd bhavanam vainateyasya daityendrenabhikampitam 68 ab kailasasikharakaram yatkrtam visvakarmana

Jar., 1966] THE MATSYA PURANA AND THE RAMAYANA RAMAYANA (cr. ed.), Kiskindha Kanda 39.19 ab nadim bhagirathim ramyam sarayum kausikim tatha 39.19 cd kalindim yamunam ramyam yamunam ca mahagirim - 1) S 1 D 1-4-12-vanam ; D 13-vanaih (for-girim ) 39.20 ab sarasvatim ca sindhum ca sonam maninibhodakam 40.8鈧� 805* 163 -a) S, N_V 1.2 B 1-3 D 1 4 7 11 13 mekala (Ng V, lam ) pra (Bg pra ) bhavam sonam narmadam ca nadim dugo tatha vetravatim nadim 754 * gomatim gokulakirnam tatha purvi sarasvatim 39.20鈧� mahim kalamahim caiva 39.28 cd ratnavantam yavadvipam saptarajyopasobhitam 29 ab suvarnarupyakam caiva suvarnakaramanditam 28 c) S 1 N B, D 12.4.18 jaladvipam ; B 2.3 jvaladvipam ; D 3.13 cayadvipam ; D, jana ; D 11 ca ye dvipam (for yavadvipam ) - 1) SN 1 B, D 14. 11-13 sarvaratnopasobhitam T sarvarajyopa V, om. 28cd and 29 ab. 760* mahanadam ca lauhityam sailakananasobhitam | 3920 d 39.22 a sailakananasobhitam | pattanam kosakaranam | 39.21 cd magadhamsca mahagramanpundranvangamstathaiva ca - d) Ds鈥�410 pum (Ds sum ) drastvamgastathaiva ca 30.21 ab brahmamalanvidehamsca malavanka sikosalan 2 -a) N, V, B. suksmanmallan ; B, sumbhanmallanh D, suhmanmallan 39.35 ab grham ca vainateyasya nanaratnavibhusitam 39.35 cd tatra kailasasamkasam vihitam visvakarmana

164 puranam - PURANA cd raktatoyo mahabhimo lauhityo nama sagarah - d) o tyam and sagaram in 2 MSS. 69 ab udayasca mahasaila ucchritah satayojanam - b) satayojanamucchritah 69 cd suvarnavedikah srimanmeghapaktinisevitah 70 ab bhrajamano'rkasadrsairjatarupamayaidra maih cd salaistalaistamalaisca karnikaraisca puspitaih 71 ab ayomukhasca vikhyatah parvato dhatumanditah cd tamalavanagandhasca parvato malayah subhah 72 ab surastrasca savahnikah surabhirastathaiva ca - b) sudra for sura 7 MSS ed bhojah pandyasca vangasca kalingastamraliptakah 73 ab tathaivondrasca paundrasca vamacudah sakeralah od ksobhitastena daityena sadevancapsaroganah 74 ab agastyabhavanam caiva yadgamyam krtam pura od siddhacaranasamghaisca viprakirna manoharam 75 ab vicitrananavihagam supuspitamahadrumam od jatarupamayaih srngairapsarogananaditam 76 ab giripuspitakancaiva laksmivan priyadarsanah ed utthitah sagaram bhittva visramacandrasuryayoh ef raraja sumahasrngairgaganam vilikhanniva 77 ab candrasuryasusamkasaih sagarambusamavrtaih od vidyutvansarvatah srimanayatah satayojanam - c) parvata for sarvatah 4 MSS 78 ab vidyutam yatra samghata nipatyante nagottame od rsabhah parvatascaiva srimanvrsabhasamjnitah 79 ab kunjarah parvatah sriman yatragastyagrham subham cd visalaksasca durdharsah sarpanamalayah puri [Vol. VIII., No. 1 -c) visalakaksa several MSS; durdharsa several MSS

Jan., 1966] THE MATSYA PURANA AND THE_RAMAYANA 39.34 ab tato raktajalam bhimam lohitam nama sagaram - b) S 1N 1 B 4 D 13鈥� 4-19-18 lauhityam 39.48 od tatah param hemamayah srimanudayaparvatah 39.49 ab tasya kotidivam sprstva satayojanamayata cd jatarupamayi divya virajati savedika 39.50 cd jatarupamayairdivyaih sobhate suryasamnibhaih 34.50 ab salaistalaistamalaisca karnikaraisca puspitaih 40.13 cd ayomukhasca gantavyah parvato dhatumanditah 40.16 ab 41. 5 ab 804 * tasyasinam nagasyagre malayasya mahaujasam surastransaha bahrikansurabhiramstathaiva ca tato bhojamsca pandyamca 40.13 ab tathaivantramsca pundramsca colanpandyansakeralan 40.34e agastyabhavanam yatra 165 40.32 ab tatastamapyatikramya vaidyuto nama parvatah S, N_V 1鈥�2B 23 D 1*4*7-11-13 tatah sagaramuttirya vidyudva (S, N D 1-407-12-13 掳tva ; V 1 ma ; D 11 tma ) nnama parvatah 40.38 cd sarvaratnamayah srimanrsabho nama parvatah 40.34 ab tatra netramanahkantah kuaro nama parvatah 34 cd agastyabhavanam yatra nirmitam visvakarmana 40.36 ab tatra bhogavati nama sarpanamalayah puri ed visalarathya durdharsa sarvatah pariraksita

166 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VIII., No. 1 80 ab tatha bhogavati capi daityendrenabhikampita 80 cd 81 ab mahaseno giriva va pariyatrasca parvatah cakravamsca girisrestho varahascaiva parvatah 81 cd pragjyotisapuram capi jatarupamayam subham 82 ab yasminvasati dustatma narako nama danavah 82 cd meghaca parvatasresto meghagambhiranissvanah 83 ab sastistatra sahasrani parvatanam dvijottamah 83 od tarunadityasamkaso merustatra mahagirih 84 ab yaksaraksasagandharvairnityam sevitakandarah 84 cd hemagarbho mahasailastatha hemasakho girih 85 ab kailasascaiva sailendro danavendrena kampitah hemapuskarasamchannam tena vaikhanasam sarah kampitam manasam caiva hamsakarandavakulam 86 cd trisrngaparvatascaiva kumari ca saridvara 87 ab tusaracayasamchanno mandaracapi parvatah od usira bindusca giriscandraprasthastathadrirata - d) madra for candra 85 cd 86 ab 88 ab prajapatigiriscaiva tatha puskaraparvatah 88 cd devabhraparvatasvava tatha vai renuko girih - 3) valuka for renuko 89 ab krauncah saptarsisailasca dhumravarnasca parvatah 89 cd ete canye ca girayo desa janapadastatha 90 ab nadyah sasagarah sarvah so'kampayata danavah cd kapilasca mahiputro vyaghravamscaiva kampitah 91 ab khecarasca satiputrah patalatalavasinah 91 cd ganastatha paro raudrau meghanamankusayudhah

Jan., 1666] THE MATSYA PURANA AND THE_RAMAYANA ef raksita pannagairghoraistiksnadamste mahavisaih 41.16 durdarsom pariyatrasya gata draksyatha vanarah 41.21 ab caturbhage samudrasya cakravannama parvatah 24 ab yojanani catuhsastirvaraho nama parvatah 25 ab tatra pragjyotisam nama jatarupamayam puram 25 cd yasminvasati dustatma narako nama danavah 29 d meghavannama parvatah 30 cd sastim girisahasrani kaanani gamisyatha 167 32 ab tesam madhye sthito raja meruruttamaparvatah 42.16 ab tamatikramya sailendram hemagarbha mahagirim 42.19 cd kailasam panduram sailam prapya hrsta bhavisyatha 42.33 ab hemapuskarasamchannam tatra vaikhanasam sarah 833* tatha caiva vicetavyastrisrngo nama parvatah 39.24 ab mandarasya ca ye kotim samsritah kecidayatam 1.2 of 824 * usirabijam divyam tam parvatam drastumarhatha 917 * tato devasabha nama parvatam drastumarhatha (Na V 1.3 devasabhi ; V 2 mato ; Bg bho ; D 1 - 4 satham ; De T 23 G 2-3 M 9.3 Cr sakho ; D 7.13 掳 saho ; D 11 samam ) 42.34 ab kraunca tu girimasadya vilam tasya sudurgamama