Shaivacintamani (analytical study)
by Swati Sucharita Pattanaik | 2022 | 84,311 words
This page relates ‘mode of Lord Shiva’s worship� of the English study on the Shaivacintamani—an unstudied text on Shaiva or Shiva worship by Lakshmidhara Mishra, written in the late 17th century and edited for the first time in 1994 by Shri Dukhisyam Pattanaik from the Orissa State Museum. The present research aims to offer a comprehensive study of the Saivacintamani, filling the knowledge gap by being the first to provide in-depth analysis and commentary.
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Part 2.2 - The mode of Lord Ś’s worship
The Devotee shall recount the excellent worship of Lord Ś. One shall worship Īś during the three Ի (morning, midday and evening) and perform the sacred rites in the fire in accordance with one’s capacity.[1]
The devotee shall at the outset perform Śsnāna (ablution pertaining to Ś) and purification of the Tattvas as before. With flowers in the hand he shall enter the place of worship. With flowers in the hand he shall enter the place of worship with great concentration and mental purity. He should recite the mantras of ūپ and Lord Ś. In the fingers starting with thumb and ending with the little finger,ĪśԲ and other deities should be installed.He shall then perform ʰṇ峾 three times and the rites of Dahana and Ā屹Բ. With the hands rendered fragrant with scents, he shall perform the rite of the of the Ѳ峾ܻ (the great gesture).[2]
With great effort he shall make his body sanctified by the nectar of Ś as wellas by the perfect knowledge of Ś and the fire of Brahman. He shall make his body originating from Avyakta (the unmanifest), ṃk (ego) and the ղԳٰ (Subtle elements) sanctified by this perfect knowledge[3]. The ṛdⲹ (heart) stands above, the umbilicus about a Vitasti (twelve ṅgܱ) away from it. It stands about the same distance below the cerebrum. The devotee shall recognize it as the great abode of the Universe. He shall meditate on the Lord ś in the pericarp of the lotus of the heart in the following form. He has five faces, ten arms and three eys in every face. He is bedecked in all ornaments. The moon adorns his crest. He is seated in the lotus pose. He resembles pure crystal. His upward face is white and the eastern face resembles saffron. The southern face has blue colour. The northern face is very red. His western face[4] is as white as cow’s milk.
In his hands on the right side he holds the javelin, axe, sword, thunderbolt and Śپ. In the hands to the left he holds the noose, goad, bell, serpent and the excellent dart or his hands show the gestures of granting boons and freedom from fear. The rest is as mentioned before. He wears all kinds of ornaments and garments of diverse colours. He shall worship Lord Ś worship whose form is the ձṅg, who is the most excellent of all excellent Devas and who is the lord of all excellent Devas and who is the lord of Brahman. He shall him with all fervour.
The five Brahmans have already been mentioned. Now listen to the Śṅg (the ancillaries of Ś). O sages of good holy rites, listen also about heart etc., that are the Śپs. The recitation of the mula-mantra should again be restored to and everything should be covered with the bija mantra. i.e called hasta of siva. � the lord is ĪśԲ of all lores. O beisance to ṛdⲹ the īᲹ of Śپ. � obeisance to the tuft, to the overlord of , to one in the form of black fire. � obeisance to the Kavaca (coat of mail), to the overlord of Brahman, to the black and fierce gust of wind. � obeisance to the eye, to Brahman, to one who swells, to the ūپ of the perfect knowledge. � pha� pha� to Ś, to ś, to the miraculous weapon śܱ貹ٲ, to one who is not thwarted. � obeisance to ٲ.[5] Protect me when there is an attack from worldly existence. Obeisance to that form of Ś which is the source of origin of all worldly existences.
� Obeisance to Ś the most auspicious one, to one who has ṃs in the tuft, to one whose physical body is learning, to one whose form is Āٳ and to one who is greatest with none greater. The ṅg of Ś have been mentioned. His ūپvidyā (the lore of the deity) is accompanied by the ancillaries of the ūپvidyā which is an ṅg of Brahman (the Vedas) also in the Śśāsana (the order laid down by Ś).
O sage of good holy rites, I shall mention the mantras pertaining to the sun, viz., ṣk and others. O sage of good holy rites, the ṅg are the gist of all the Vedas.
�� Bhū�, � ܱ�, � Sva�, � Ѳ�, � ᲹԲ�, � ٲ貹�, � Satyam, � Ṛtam, � Brahman.
This nine-syllabled mantra is glorified as ṣk. It is called ṣa because is does not perish in this world. Śٲⲹ (truth) is called ṣa. It is prefixed with ʰṇa (i.e. �) and suffixed with Բ� (obeisance)[6].
� bhūbhuva� �. We meditate on that excellent refulegence of the lord, the refulgence that urges and guides our intellect. Obeisance to the sun the greatest planet in firmament. Thus the ū mantra of the great Āٳ has been mentioned. He shall worship ī and other Śپs with the nine-syllabled mantra and the sun with the ū mantra. I shall succinctly mention the aṅga mantras. The first one is mostly covered with Vedic mantras and the middle one with ʰṇa.
� bhū� obeisance to the heart, to Brahman. � bhuva� obeisance to the head, to վṣṇ. � � obeisance to the tuft, to Rudra. � ūܱ� � obeisance to the lord having clusters of flames. � Ѳ� obeisance to the kavaca (coat of mail), to Ѳś. � ᲹԲ� obeisance to the eyes, to Ś. � ٲ貹� obeisance to the astra (miraculous missile), to one who scorches. Thus incidentally the mantras pertaining to the sun have been mentioned. O sage of good holy rites, the mantras pertaining to Ś also have been succinctly mentioned along with the mode of Բ (fixation).
Thus, he shall worship the lord identical with the mantras, in the lotus of the heart. The Homa is to be performed after duly generating the Ś fire in the umbilicus by means of the mind. All the holy rites are to be performed in the Ś fire. He shall meditate on lord Īś originating from the ṅg of the five Brahmans. The ūپ of Ś is seated on the seat of red lotus. He is turned into the Sakala from assiduously. O sage of good holy rites, the ūپ is meditated upon with ū mantra and the mantras of the ձṅgs, etc. The homa with the sacrificial twigs and ghee is performed mentally. He shall then remember the complete ٳ(current of nectar) originating from the injunction regarding the ܰṇāhܳپ in the Śśāsana (treatise on Ś) he shall meditate on Ś Śṅk in the form of refulgence in face. He shall again remember the lord of chiefs of Devas in the forehead or in the middle of the eyebrows. This detailed worship shall be concluded in the lotus of the heart. He shall meditate on the destroyer of worldly existence in the shape of the pure flame of the lamp. He shall worship the lord in the ṅg also or worship ś on the bare ground.
Ś徱 said that I shall comment upon the mode of worship of Ś according to the manner in which it has mentioned in the Ś treatises and which has been formerly recounted by Ś.Both the hands shall be smeared with sandal paste. The devotee shall perform the rite of offering handful of flowers by the mantra ending with ղṣa�. He shall repeat the japa of the mantras of ūپvidyā and Ś. In the fingers, beginning with the thumb and ending with the little finger, ĪśԲ and other deities shall be installed; by the fingers beginning with the little finger and ending with the middle finger, ṛdⲹ[7] etc. shall be installed. The fourth[8] one shall be fixed by means of the thumb and the fifth one by means of ring finger. The sixth one shall be installed by both the palms. The rite of ٰ Prayoga (hurling of the missile, dart) by means of the index finger and thumb shall be performed. He shall again perform the japa of the ū[9] mantra and everything shall be veiled by reapting the fourth īᲹ-Գٰ. This is called Śhasta (Ś’s hand).
The worship of Lord Ś should be performed by means of this hand. The devotee shall stabilize the Āٳ present in the Tattvas and perform the consecration of the Tattvas as before. After stabilizing the five elements[10] -the earth, water, fire, wind, and firmament-within the ambit of the four pure ones along with the current he shall perform the consecratory rite of the Tattvas as before. The consecration of the Tattvas is by means of the sixth īᲹ[11] mantra. The consecration of the earth is by means of sadya and the third īᲹ�mantra ending with ʳ�. The consecration of the ٲٳٱ, the principle of water, shall be made by means of sadya and third īᲹ mantra accompanied by the sixth īᲹ mantra accompanied by sadya and third īᲹ mantra ending with ʳ�.
After concluding this the rite of ḍaԲ (beating) shall be performed by means of the sixth īᲹ mantra along with the Sadya mantra, the third īᲹ mantra along with the sadya mantra, the third īᲹ mantra and the ū mantra ending with ʳ�. The rite of Ұṇa (grasping) shall be performed by means of the third īᲹ mantra after the shall be performed by means of the third īᲹ mantra after the rite of ṭīkṇa (covering up). The rite of Bandhana (binding) shall be performed by means of YoniīᲹ after the covering up of the ū mantra. Thus is the rite of Bandha.
The following rites are performed one after the other. The beginning with ŚԳٲⲹīٲ and ending with ṛtپ shall be meditated upon as before. Three Tattva[12] s shall be meditated upon by means of ʰṇa. The Āٳ along with the eight Puris and having the shape of the flame of a lamp shall be meditated upon as situated beyond the three Tattvas. The nectarine current flows into the ṣu vessel due to the agitation of Śپ.
Within the beginning with ŚԳٲⲹīٲ and ending with Ծṛtپ, the 岹, Bindu, the syllables A,U, and M, Ś, ś and three ūپs Rudra, վṣṇ and shall be meditated upon in the order of the creation,etc. This rite is called BrahmaԲ (Fixation of Brahman) which consists of ṛtī첹ṇa (transforming into nectar or eternal bliss) in order of creation. Then after fixing the five faces with fifteen eyes and repeating the ū mantra, the form of the deity beginning with the feet and ending with the tresses shall be meditated upon and the Ѳ峾ܻ (great gesticulation) shall be shown. The devotee then contemplates-“I am Ś.� Śپs and others shall be fixed in the heart. Along with the Śپs the following shall be meditated upon viz.–the īᲹ (seeds), sprouts, lotus with the stalk containing pores, thorns, leaves, filaments, virtue, knowledge, detachment, prosperity, sun,moon and fire; the Śپs,viz.-峾, ṣṭ, 鲹ܻī, ī, Kālavikaraṇ�, ٳī and ūٲ岹ī shall be meditated upon in the filaments and ѲԴDzԳī in the pericarp.
Then the rites of Āٳśܻ, ٳԲśܻ and ٰⲹśܻ shall be performed as follows:�
i) Āٳśܻ
The seat shall be offered alongwith all homages. The inner organs of will shall be thought of as an exterior thing by means of yogic 貹. The seat of the lord then shall be conceived as before in the fire-pit in umbilicus. ś shall be meditated upon with the nectarine current falling on the mystic diagram of Ś. Ѳś shall be meditated upon in the forehead in the form of the flame of a lamp. This is Āٳśܻ徱 (consecration of the Āٳ).
ii) ٳԲśܻ
The consecration of the spot is as follows:-
The devotee controls the ʰṇa and Բ. Wind shall be stabilized by means of of the ṣu. Then ܻܳ (gesture of the plate) and the rite of digbandha (binding of the quarters) shall be performed, repeating the sixth īᲹ mantra.
iii) ٰⲹśܻ
The consecration of the materials of worship is as follows:�
The three Tattvas are fixed by means of ʰṇa in the Arghya vessel, the inner part of which is wiped with cloth, etc. The Bindu is meditated upon above them. They are filled with water. The materials are then arranged and flooded with nectar. In the Vessels intended for ⲹ (water for washing the feet) etc. the seat is offered unto them as in the case of Arghya. It is inspired with the ṃh mantras and is worshipped by means of the first īᲹ mantra. It is turned into ṛt (nectar) by means of the first īᲹ mantra. It is covered up by means of the fourth īᲹ mantra. It is looked at by means of the fifth īᲹ mantra. It is looked at by means of the fifth īᲹ mantra. Protection is accorded by means of the sixth īᲹ mantra. The materials shall be sprinkled with the Arghya water by means of a bundle of ś grass repeating the fourth īᲹ mantra. The self and the materials shall again be sprinkled with the Arghya water along with flowers. The several materials are thus separately purified.
Then the devotee shall inspire with the mantras the following things thus:-The scent with the Sadya mantra, the cloth with the 峾 mantra; the ornament with the Aghora mantra, the Naivedya with the ղٱܰṣa mantra, and the flowers with the ĪśԲ mantra. He shall sprinkle the remaining things-repeating Ś ⲹٰī. He shall inspire the ʲñ峾ṛt, 貹ñⲹ and other things by means of the ձṅgs ū mantras and other mantras. He shall consecrate the materials by offering Arghya, ٳū貹 (incense) and Āīⲹ severally, repeating the ū mantra. He shall show the Dhenu mudrā (the gesture of cow) to them, cover them up by means of Kavaca mantra and accord protection by means of Astra mantra.
iv) ѲԳٰśܻ
The consecration of the mantras is as follows:�
Arghya water is offered at the outset. The scent is taken up by means of the chest (?); it is consecrated by means of the Astra mantra; the performance of the worship, etc., upto the end of protection is pursued; the consecration of the materials till the dedication of the worship is performed silently; then a handful of flowers is offered; all the mantras are repeated with the ʰṇa at the beginning and � at the end; and then the handful of flowers shall be offered.
v) ṅgśuddhi
The consecration of the ṅg is as follows:�
At the outset the common Arghya vessel is filled with water. Offering scents and fragrant flowers, etc. It is inspired with the ṃh mantras; then the ٳԳܻܳ is shown; it is covered up by means of the Kavaca mantra; it is then protected by the Astra mantra. The ū that has already been performed shall again be done by means of the ⲹٰī mantra, the usual Arghya shall be offered; scents, fragrant flowers, incense and Āīⲹ shall be offered with mantras ending with mantras ending with or �; flowers are offered severally by means of Vedic mantras; the ⲹ (remnants of the worship) is removed by means of the Astra mantras ending with ʳ�; 䲹ṇḍ is worshipped in the northeast; 䲹ṇḍ the deity of the pedestal is consecrated by means of the common Astra mantra; the pedestal of the ṅg and Ś are consecrated by means of the śܱ貹ٲ missile; keeping a flower on the head, the deity is worshipped.
The devotee meditates on SadāŚ who is full of beginning with ṛtپ, who is accompanied by the six varieties (? of ) and whose physical body is an ancillary of the of Karman. The seat is conceived on the rocky back of the tortoise (incarnation of վṣṇ), the seeds and sprouts above it, on the rock of ; in the pores of the stalk of the endless being the following shall be conceived-the fibres, the leaves the thorn, the pericarp, the filaments, Dharma (virtue), ñԲ (perfect knowledge), ղ岵ⲹ (detachment), śⲹ (prosperity), the sun, moon, fire, filaments and Śپ; ѲԴDzԳī is conceived in the pericarp along with Manonmana; briefly the seat is conceived by saying “for the seat of the endless being.� Then, above it, ś is meditated upon in the manner as stated before.
Followes shall be taken in both the hands; they shall be pressed with the thumbs. By means of the gesture of invocation, they are gradually taken from the heart upto the head, uttering the ū mantra along with the ṛdⲹ mantra in the pluta (prolated) note; the deity who has the form of the flame of a lamp and who has faces and hands all round is invoked very much from the spot of the Bindu and is installed as the pervade of everything showing the gesture of pervading.
The rite of ʲī첹ṇa (rendering the deity as the greatest one) is performed at the outset by means of the ṛdⲹ mantra and the inseparable union of Ś and Śپ; the rite of ṛtī첹ṇa (rendering everything nectarine) is performed by means of the ū mantra beginning with ṛdⲹ; the rite of ĀԲ (invocation) is by means of the mantra of sadya; the rite of ٳ貹Բ (founding) is on the top of the ū mantra by means of the ṛdⲹ mantra as well as 峾 mantra; the rite of Aghora mantra on the top of ū mantra; the rite of ԲԾⲹ (proximity) is performed by means of ղٱܰṣa mantra over the ū mantra and the ṛdⲹ mantra. He shall worship the deity by means of the ṛdⲹ mantra, the ū mantra and ĪśԲ mantra. This is the directive. Then he performs the rite of ٱԾṇa (creation of a body) for oneself, as before, as well as for lord fire by means of the īᲹ mantra along with the five mantras.
After meditating on the ū貹첹 (the diminutive form of the lord) by means of the ū mantra he performs the rite ending with obeisance, and offers Āīⲹ ending with . He then offers Arghya and all other things, ending with obeisance or utterance of . The offering of flowers is performed by means of the ū mantra ending with ղṣa�. Every rite ending with obeisance may be performed by means of ṛdⲹ mantra, or ĪśԲ mantra or ܻⲹٰī. Or he shall worship by means of the ū mantra �� Բ� Śⲹ� (� Obeisance to Śⲹ)
The devotee offers again flowers, incense and the Āīⲹ. The rites of ʳṣp貹ṇa (removal of the floewers) and Visarjana (casting off) shall be performed by means of the sixth īᲹ mantra. The devotee bathes all the materials of worship by means of the water inspired with the mantras and repeating the ū mantra. The rite of ṣe첹 ablution is performed by means of the ĪśԲ mantra. Eight flowers are offered for every article. Arghya is also similarly offered. The scents, the fragrant flowers, the incense and the Āīⲹ are offered by means of the Astra mantra ending with ʳ�. The rite of concluding the ū shall also be similarly performed. The ṅgūپ along with its pedestal is bathed by means of pure water at first after repeating the ū mantra. Pounded grains, embylic myrobalan are put in the water. Or the ṅg ūپ can be bathed and consecrated by means of hot water with turmeric etc. Put therein. The devotee then recites ܻⲹ and bathes the ṅg by means of scented water in which gold has been placed and Mantrodaka (water inspired with mantras). He repeats īܻ, Tvaritarudra, ʲñ and other mantras together with ḥśivāya (obeisance to Ś).
While bathing the ṅg, a flower should be placed on its head. The head of ṅg should not be kept bare. In this respect there is a verse–If, in the realm of a king the head of the ṅg is left bare, he shall have to face misfortune, great ailment, famine and destruction of vehicles. Hence, the king shall avoid this and strive for virtue, love, wealth and salvation. If the ṅg is bare-headed the king and the realm too shall perish.
After bathing, the devotee shall offer Arghya and wipe off the ṅg with a cloth. Repeating the ū mantra he shall offer scents, fragrant flowers, garments, ornaments, etc.
The devotee shall offer incense. Āīⲹ,lamp, Naivedya (food offering) etc. by repeating the ū mantra. The worship over and above this with the ū mantra is called the rite of ʲٰī첹Բ (sanctifying). He shall show Āپī貹 [ waving of the lamps] above the ṅg, on the ṅg, beneath the ṅg and in a general way all round. The lamps shall be inspired with the ٳԳܻܳ,covered up by the Kavaca mantra and protected by the sixth īᲹ mantra. After bowing down the devotee shall worship with the ū mantra in the manner of ṅgabhoga (partial enjoyment of the Brahman) with all these items of service, viz.-invocation, installation, obstruction, presence, ⲹ (water for washing), water for ritualistic sipping,homage of holy articles, scents, fragrant, flowers,incense, and food offering,the second ritualistic sipping and wiping of the hands and chewing the scented nuts for rendering the mouth fragrant.
The following rites shall be duly performed, viz.-meditation on the lord in Sakala and then ṣk form; meditation on the major as well as minor Devas, the japa of the ū mantra and of the ṅga mantras extending to a tenth of the previous dedication, self-surrender,eulogy, prostrations, etc. The preceptor shall be worshipped in the east and վⲹ첹 in the south. For the achievement of all desired objects,Ҳṇeṣa, the lord of the universe,shall be worshipped at the outset and in the end by Brahmins and Devas. He who worships lord Ś in the ṅg or on the ground attains identity with him by continuing the holy rites for a year in full. He who worships the ṅg attains identity,no doubt, within six months. The devotee shall make seven circumambulations and prostrate like a straight pole.
He will attain the fruit of a hundred horse-sacrifices for every step made in the course of circumambulation. Hence, one shall worship the lord every day for achieving all desired objects. He who seeks enjoyment shall attain enjoyment; he who seeks a realm shall attain realm; he who seeks sons shall attain sons; the ailing patient shall be liberated from sickness. Any devoted man will attain his all desires.[13]
ūٲ said that on seeing the fervent emotion of the sages, Nilalohita, ś stationed in the mystic diagram said in a majestic tone. Devas and sages saw the lord of Devas in the company of in the Ѳṇḍ in front of them. His luster was like that of ten million streaks of lightning. He had eight arms, four faces and twelve eyes. He had big mighty arms. Half of his body was female inform. He wore the coronet of matted hairs. He was bedecked in all ornaments. He wore red garlands and had smeared red unguent over his body. He who was the cause of creation, sustenance and annihilation was clad in red garments.
His face to the east was pleasing in appearance and yellow in colour. That is in the form of ղٱܰṣa. His face to the right (i.e. to the south) in the Ahora form was comparable to a mass of blue collyrium. His face to the right (i.e. to the south) in the Aghora form was comparable to a mass of blue collyrium. His face to the north, named 峾deva, was very fierce and terrible with curbed fangs and red moustache. It was enveloped by clusters of flames and matted hairs. It had the luster of coral. It was pleasing with the universe for its form. It was the bestower of boons. His western face was splendid and white as the cow’s milik.
The divine face ٲ that destroyed 峾 was shining with the splendor of the sun as the caste mark on the forehead. It was bedecked in garlands consisting of pearls. In the ṇḍ they saw Ā徱ٲⲹ in the east, 첹 in the west, Գ in the south and Ravi in the north; all with four faces as before (all these are the different forms of the sun-god).
In the Ѳṇḍ they saw in the east the Śپ վ, in the south ٳٲ, Bhodhani in the west and Āⲹī in the north. All these Śپs had one face and four arms, were bedecked with all ornaments and were approved by all Devas. On the right side they saw and on the left they saw վṣṇ. They saw Ś identical with the three ūپs by way of ṻ, Yajus and 峾. They saw lord
ĪśԲ the bestower of boons, ĪśԲ ʲś, seated on the dais of . The bestower of boons was on the seat of virtue and perfect knowledge. They saw the Lord ś on a seat equipped with detachment and prosperity which was very pure and worthy of being propitiated which was highly pleasing and which contained all essence.
The Lord was seated in middle of a white lotus and surrounded by ī and other lustres ī (Refulgent) had the form of a bright and brilliant flame. ūṣm (subtle) was blendid with the luster of lightning. (victorious) had the shape of fiery flame. ʰ (luster) had golden luster. վūپ (magnificence) had the refulgence of coral. վ (spotless) resembled the lotus. Dz (invincible) had the shape of ṇi flower. Vidyut (lightning) had universal colour. ٴdzܰī had four faces and four colours.
They saw the planets all round the lord:-viz., the lord Soma (moon), ṅg첹(Mars), Budha (mercury) the most excellent among the intellingent, ṛh貹پ(Jupiter) of enormous intellect, (Venus) the storehouse of refulgence and Manda (Saturn) slow in gait. ūⲹ (sun) was Ś, the lord of the universe and Soma (moon) was herself.
The five elements were the rest. The universe of the mobile and immobile beings was seen as identical with them. On seeing Ś the consort of , the Lord of Devas, the sages and Devas joined their palms in reverence eulogized him who was the bestower of boons, by means of pleasing and delightful words.
Sages said that Obesisance to Ś, to Rudra, to Kadrudra, to Pracetas, to īḵṣṭ (the bountiful one), to Ś, to Ś辱ṣṭ, to 鲹ṃh. I bow down to Lord 첹 (refulgent like the sun) seated in the lotus and surrounded by the nine Śپs on a pedestal which was highly pleasing, large, spotless and essentially powerful. I bow to Ā徱ٲⲹ, 첹, Գ, Ravi and lord پ첹. I bow down to , ʰ, ʰñ, Ի, 屹ٰī, Vistārā, ٳٲ, and Bodhanī as well as Āⲹī the bestower of boons. I bow to ,վṣṇ and Ś. After worshipping the group beginning with Soma in due order by means of the mantras in accordance with the prescribed injuctions I remember lord ś, Śṅk the primordial deity stationed in the Solar disc.
I remember Indra and other Devas as well as Īś, ⲹṇa, and the lotus-born first Deva in due order from the east,etc.,beneath and above. I remember the thunder-bolt and the lotus. O Lord of Devas, after performing Homa in the fire by means of gingelly seeds etc. of various kinds and after dedicating everything once again, I remember your disc stationed in middle of the lotus of the heart after duly discharging it ritualistically. I remember the pure lotus-like eyes red in colour. I remember the lotus in the right hand and the gesture of granting boons in the left. I remember the ornaments that adorn the lord. Obeisance to lord Ś,Īś, Kapardin,Rudra,վṣṇ. Obeisance to you Brahman of the form of the sun.
ūٲ said that devotee worships thus, with concentration and mental purity, Lord Ś in the mystic diagram, he who reads this excellent hymn in the morning, midday and evening, acquires no doubt, identity with Ś.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
ṅg.p-Śl-I-Vol-6,Pt-II,Ch-23
[2]:
-Ś-2-3
[3]:
-Ś4-8
[4]:
-Ś-9
[5]:
,Ś-14-20
[6]:
Ibid
[7]:
Ibid-Śl-2,Ch-24(The Mantra of Aghora)
[8]:
Ibid tuīiya-the fourth,i.e. tatpuruṣa Mantra
[9]:
Ibid(The five-syllabled Mantra of Ś: Բ� śivāya�)
[11]:
Ibid,
[13]:
Ibid-Śǰ첹-39-41