Rasana, 鲹ś, Rashana, 鲹, Բ: 31 definitions
Introduction:
Rasana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term 鲹ś can be transliterated into English as Rasana or Rashana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Rashan.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation鲹ś (रशना) refers to a �(female) waist girdle�, according to the Śivapurṇa 2.3.45 (“Śiva’s comely form and the Jubilation of the Citizens�).—Accordingly, after Men spoke to Śiva: “By that time the ladies of the town left the work they were engaged in, in their eagerness to see Śiva. [...] A certain lady engaged in fanning her husband in the company of her maid left that job and came out to see Śiva with the fan still in her hands. Another lady engaged in suckling her babe at her breast left him dissatisfied and came out eagerly to see the lord. Another lady engaged in trying her waist girdle (ś) came out with it. Another lady came out with garments worn inside out. [...]�.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexRasana (रस�).—A son of the Rkṣasa Vidyuta.*
- * Brahmṇḍa-purṇa III. 7. 95.

The Purana (पुरा�, purṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: ṭy-śٰ鲹ś (रशना) refers to a “girdle of sixteen strings� and is a type of ornament (ṇa) for the hips (śṇ�) to be worn by females, according to Nṭyśstra chapter 23. Such ornaments for females should be used in cases of human females and celestial beings (gods and goddesses).
Ābharaṇa (‘ornaments�, eg., ś) is a category of ṃk, or “decorations�, which in turn is a category of nepathya, or “costumes and make-up�, the perfection of which forms the main concern of the Āhrybhinaya, or “extraneous representation�, a critical component for a successful dramatic play.

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, ṭyśٰ) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Shilpashastra (iconography)
: Shodhganga: Vaisnava Agamas And Visnu Images鲹ś (रशना) refers to a “girdle� and represents a type of “ornaments for the loins� (śṇ�), as defined in treatises such as the Pñcartra, Pdmasaṃhit and Vaikhnasa-gamas, extensively dealing with the technical features of temple art, iconography and architecture in Vaishnavism.—Bharata (cf. Nṭyśstra 23.35-37) mentions the ornaments for the loins (śṇ�) [viz. ś (girdle) with sixteen strings of pearls].

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpśstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the HindusRasana (रस�) refers to the “tongue� (of an elephant), according to the 15th century ٲṅgī composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 5, “on marks of the stages of life”]: �3. With toenails getting somewhat thick, with the tongue (rasana), lip, and the rest (the seven ‘red parts�), very red, drinking little milk, somewhat inclined to eat creepers, grass, etc., reddish between the foreparts ; he capers constantly for no special reason, is generally frolicsome, intensely fond of sugar, with down-turned eyes, causing delight to the sight, in the second year he is a puccuka�.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms鲹 (रसना):—Tongue. Gustatory apparatus. One of the five sense organs that percieves taste.

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchRasana (रस�) refers to the “tongue�, according to the Yogayjñavalkya, an ancient Sanskrit text from the 8th century dealing with the eight components of Yoga in over 500 verses.—Accordingly, [while describing a practice of breathing]: “Having drawn the breath in through the tongue (rasana) [whose edges are curled up to form a tube], the man who constantly drinks [the breath this way] does not [suffer from] fatigue or [excessive] heat [in the body] and all [minor] diseases are cured. Having drawn in the breath at the junctures of the day or an hour before sunrise, he who drinks it [thus] for three months, good lady, [gains] eloquent speech and within six months of practice, he is freed from all serious diseases�.

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
: 84000: Sampuṭodbhava Tantra (Emergence from Sampuṭa)鲹 (रसना) refers to one of the primary thirty-two energy-channels in the body, according to the Sampuṭodbhavatantra chapter 1.—Accordingly, “[Vajragarbha asked, ‘What subtle energy channels are in the body?’]—The Blessed One said, ‘There are one hundred and twenty of them, corresponding to the divisions within the four cakras. The chief ones, those with bodhicitta as their innate nature, are thirty-two in number. They are: [i.e., 鲹] [...]�.�.
: De Gruyter: Himalayan Anthropology: The Indo-Tibetan Interface鲹 (रसना) refers to one of the three nerves of the Vajra Deha (“Vajra Body�), according to William Stablein’s A Descriptive Analysis of the Content of Nepalese Buddhist Pujas as a Medical-Cultural System (with References to Tibetan Parallels).—T tshog shin (sacred tree) is also mentally visualized.—[...] The education and training of the hierophant (峦ⲹ) may be significant for the existence and maintenance of his vajradeha [Vajra body] which is the main dynamo of the system. The Vajra body is the model system of three nerves: , , and ūī, which are located in the left, right, and middle parts of the body respectively. With these nerves there are five cakra [circular arrangements within the head, throat, heart, stomach, and genitals]. The main function of this unit is the sacred procreation, i.e., the creation of the bodhicitta [sacred semen].

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (Բ) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 2: the Category of the livingRasana (रस�, “tasting�) or rasanendriya refers to one of the “five sense-organs� (貹ñԻⲹ), according to the 2nd-century Tattvrthasūtra 2.19. What is the meaning of taste sense organ? The sense organ used by its owner for tasting an object of knowledge is called taste sense organ (rasana-indriya).
The respective object of tasting (rasana) is taste (rasa). What is the meaning of taste? Cognition which results by tasting the object of knowledge is called taste.

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
: Google Books: Kaltattvakośa, volume 2鲹 (रसना):—“The process of ‘tasting� () is accomplished through the blending (ṃyDz) of 屹 etc. (which themselves are extraordinary); hence the object of experience through viz. rasa is something that is extraordinary (lokottara); this is the purport of the Sūtra (expounding rasa)� (See the Բī, a commentary by Abhinavagupta on the ṭy-śٰ,- VI.31).
Kosha (को�, kośa) refers to Sanskrit lexicons intended to provide additional information regarding technical terms used in religion, philosophy and the various sciences (shastra). The oldest extant thesaurus (kosha) dates to the 4th century AD.
Biology (plants and animals)
: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Rasana in India is the name of a plant defined with Inula helenium in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Aster helenium (L.) Scop. (among others).
2) Rasana is also identified with Pluchea lanceolata It has the synonym Berthelotia lanceolata DC. var. senegalensis (etc.).
3) Rasana is also identified with Vanda tessellata It has the synonym Cymbidium tessellatum (Roxb.) Sw. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Botanika (Minsk) (1987)
· Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. (1799)
· Species Plantarum (1753)
· Botaniceskjij Žurnal SSSR
· Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences, Publie par la Société Philomatique de Paris (1817)
· Taxon (1981)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Rasana, for example pregnancy safety, side effects, chemical composition, extract dosage, diet and recipes, health benefits, have a look at these references.

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary: (f.) a girdle for women. || see mekhal.
[Pali to Burmese]
: Sutta: Tipiṭaka Pḷi-Myanmar Dictionary (တိပိဋက-ပါဠိမြန်မ� အဘိဓာန�)Բ�
(Burmese text): (�) (�) အသံ။ (�) သာယာခြင်း။ (�) ဆုတ်ယုတ်ခြင်း။ (ထ�) (�) ခါးပတ်၊ ခါးကြိုး၊ ခါးကြိုးတန်ဆာ။ (�) ကြိုးသာမည။ (�) ရသနာမည်သေ� နွယ်အထူး။ (ထ�) (�) (�) လျာ။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Sound. (2) Purity. (3) Hesitation. (4) Belt, strap, belt accessory. (5) Only the string. (6) A special node called flavor. (7) Yield.

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryś (रशना).—f S A cord or string generally. 2 A woman's cincture or girdle (of gold or silver).
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(रसना).—f S Tasting. 2 The tongue (considered as the organ of taste).
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rsan (रासन�).—f ( S) A medicinal shrub, Mimosa octandra. 2 Its root as a drug.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English(रसना).�f Tasting. The tongue.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary鲹ś (रशना).—[ś-yuc rśdeśa� cf. śnute jaghanam Uṇdi-sūtra 2.75]
1) A rope, cord.
2) A rein, bridle.
3) A zone, girdle, woman's girdle; तान् वीक्ष्� वातरशनांश्चतुर� कुमारान् (tn vīkṣya vtaśṃścatura� kumrn) Bhgavata 3.15.3; रसतु रसनापि तव घनजघनमण्डल� घोषयतु मन्मथनिदेशम् (rasatu pi tava ghanajaghanamaṇḍale ghoṣayatu manmathanideśam) Gītagovinda 1; R.7.1;8.58; Meghadūta 37.
4) The tongue; वदने विनिवेशिता भुजङ्गी पिशुनाना� रसनामिषे� धात्रा (vadane viniveśit bhujaṅgī piśunn� miṣeṇa dhtr) Bv.1.111; tongue as an organ of taste; रसनय� भाव्यमान� मधुराम्लतिक्तकटुकषायलवणभेदाः षड्रसा� (rasanay bhvyamn madhurmlatiktakaṭukaṣyalavaṇabhed� ṣaḍras�) Bhvanopaniṣad 2.
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Rasana (रस�).—[-�]
1) Crying, screaming, roaring, sounding, tinkling, noise or sound in general.
2) Thunder, rumbling or muttering of clouds.
3) Taste, flavour.
4) The organ of taste, the tongue; इन्द्रिय� रसग्राहक� रसनं जिह्वाग्रवर्ति (indriya� rasagrhaka� rasana� jihvgravarti) T. S.; Bhagavadgīt (Bombay) 15.9; � जयेद्रसन� यावज्जित� सर्व� जिते रस� (na jayedrasana� yvajjita� sarva� jite rase) Bhgavata 11.8.21.
5) Perception, appreciation, sense; सर्वेऽपि रसनाद्रसाः (sarve'pi dras�) S. D. 244.
-Բ� Phlegm.
Derivable forms: rasanam (रसनम�).
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鲹 (रसना).—See रशना (ś).
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Բ (रासन).�a. (-ī f.)
1) Relating to the tongue.
2) Savoury, palatable.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary鲹 (रसना).—name of an artery, vein, or passage-way (nḍ�) in the body: Բ 448.11 ff.; nḍyo -vadhū- taya� 11; rasanopyena saṃsthit 13; raktapra- vhiī 15; compare and ūī.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary鲹ś (रशना).—f.
(-) 1. A tongue. 2. A woman’s girdle or zone. E. See rasana .
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Rasana (रस�).—n.
(-Բ�) 1. Tasting, taste. 2. Sound, noise. 3. Thunder. f.
(-) 1. The tongue. 2. A rope. 3. A bridle. 4. A plant, commonly Rasna. 5. A woman’s girdle, a sort of chain worn round the loins. 6. A plant, (Pæderia fœtida.) E. ras to sound or taste, aff. yuc; or ś to eat, yuc Unadi aff., and rśa substituted; also ś .
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary鲹ś (रशना).—see rasana.
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Rasana (रस�).—[ras + ana], I. n. 1. Sounding, tinkling. 2. Tasting, Bhṣp. 39; [Bhagavadgīt, (ed. Schlegel.)] 15, 9. Ii. f. (written also ś, and perhaps akin to rśmi, q. cf.). 1. A woman’s girdle, [Vikramorvśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 115. 2. The tongue, Bhṣp. 100.
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Բ (रासन).—m. = rasa, Pn. Sch. iv. 2, 92.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary鲹ś (रशना).—[feminine] cord, strap, rein; girdle, [especially] of a woman, adj. —� girt or surrounded by.
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Rasana (रस�).�1. [neuter] roaring, screaming, sounding i.[grammar]
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Rasana (रस�).�2. [masculine] phlegm; [feminine] tongue; [neuter] tasting, feeling.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 鲹ś (रशना):�f. ([probably] connected with rśmi and rśi and derived from a lost �rś) a rope, cord, strap
2) rein, bridle
3) girth, girdle, zone ([especially] of woman), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc. (also [figuratively] applied to the fingers; cf. [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yska ii, 5])
4) a ray of light, beam, [Śṅkhyana-brhmaṇa]
5) the tongue ([wrong reading] for ), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) (ifc.) girt by, dependent on [Harivaṃśa; Bhgavata-purṇa]
7) 鲹śԲ (रश�):—[from ś] in [compound] for ś
8) Rasana (रस�):—[from ras] 1. rasana n. (for 2. See p. 870, col. 3) the act of roaring or screaming or rumbling or thundering, any sound or noise, [Varha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhit; Blarmyaṇa]
9) [v.s. ...] croaking (of frogs), [Varha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhit]
10) [from ras] 2. rasana m. (for 1. See p. 869, col. 2) phlegm or saliva (regarded as the cause to taste to the tongue), [Śrṅgadhara-saṃhit]
11) 鲹 (रसना):—[from rasana > ras] a f. See below
12) Rasana (रस�):—[from ras] n. tasting, taste, flavour, savour, [Yjñavalkya; Mahbhrata] etc.
13) [v.s. ...] the tongue as organ of taste, [Tarkasaṃgraha]
14) [v.s. ...] the being sensible of (anything), perception, apprehension, sense, [Shitya-darpaṇa]
15) 鲹 (रसना):—[from ras] b f. the tongue as organ of taste, [Maitrī-upaniṣad; Mahbhrata] etc.
16) [v.s. ...] Name of two plants (= gandha-bhadr and ), [Bhvaprakśa]
17) Բ (रासन):—[from rs] 1. rsana See ghora-r.
18) 2. rsana mfn. ([from] ) relating to or perceptible by the tongue, savoury, palatable, [Pṇini 4-2, 92 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 鲹ś (रशना):�(n) 1. f. The tongue; woman’s girdle or zone.
2) Rasana (रस�):�(Բ�) 1. n. Tasting; noise. f. (n) The tongue; woman’s girdle.
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Rasana (रस�) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: 鲹ṇa, Rasaṇ�.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) 鲹 (रसना) [Also spelled rasna]:�(nf) the tongue; —[kholan] to speak out; —[tlū se lagan] to become mute, to be quiet.
2) Rśana (राशन) [Also spelled rashan]:�(nm) ration/rationing.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) 鲹ṇa (रस�) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Rasana.
2) Rasaṇ� (रसणा) also relates to the Sanskrit word: 鲹.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus鲹śԲ (ರಶ�):�
1) [noun] an ornamental band of metal, esp. of gold or silver, for a woman’s waist; a girdle.
2) [noun] a narrow strap of leather attached to each end of the bit in the mouth of a horse, and held by the rider or driver to control the animal; reins.
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Rasana (ರಸ�):�
1) [noun] the act of tasting.
2) [noun] the tongue, the tasting organ.
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Բ (ರಾಸನ):�
1) [noun] a shouting aloud.
2) [noun] the loud, harsh cry of a donkey or a sound like this; bray.
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Rsan (ರಾಸನ�):—[noun] the plant Vanda tessellata ( = V. roxburghii, = Epidendrum tesseloides) of Orchidaceae family.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) 鲹ś (रशना):—n. 1. a woman's belt of woven strands; 2. cloth tied round the girdle; 3. belt; 4. a rope; cord;
2) Rasana (रस�):—n. tasting;
3) 鲹 (रसना):—n. 1. the organ of taste; the tongue; 2. taste; flavor;
4) 鲹 (रसना):—n. Bot. vanda orchid;
5) Բ (रासन):—n. ration;
6) Բ (रासन):—n. ration;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+15): Racanai, Racanentiriyam, Rasana-card, Rasana-karda, Rasanabha, Rasanagadi, Rasanagra, Rasanahanem, Rasanajadi, Rasanalampata, Rasanalih, Rasanamakarma, Rasanamala, Rasanamcala, Rasanamda, Rasanamula, Rasananigraha, Rasanarada, Rasanasha, Rasanatattva.
Full-text (+90): Sarasana, Nirasana, Samudrarasana, Dvirasana, Rashanopama, Rasanalih, Ghorarasana, Rashanakalapa, Rashanapada, Rashanaguna, Rasanarada, Rashanasammita, Dirgharasana, Rasanendriya, Latarasana, Vatarashana, Rasanamula, Rasanamala, Rashanagunaspada, Hiranyarashana.
Relevant text
Search found 91 books and stories containing Rasana, 鲹ś, Rashana, 鲹, Rsan, Բ, 鲹śԲ, Rśana, 鲹ṇa, Rasaṇ�, Rasa-yu; (plurals include: Rasanas, 鲹śs, Rashanas, 鲹s, Rsans, Բs, 鲹śԲs, Rśanas, 鲹ṇas, Rasaṇs, yus). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dsa)
Text 10.23 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 9.4 [Anuprsa] < [Chapter 9 - Ornaments of Sound]
Text 4.8 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 15.9 < [Chapter 15 - Puruṣottama-toga (Yoga through understanding the Supreme Person)]
Verse 2.60 < [Chapter 2 - Sṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Verse 18.65 < [Chapter 18 - Mokṣa-yoga (the Yoga of Liberation)]
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
Adhikarana 3: Panca-panca-janah in Brihad-aranyaka Upanishad 4.4.17 Does Not Refer to the 25 Elements of Sankhya < [Adhyaya 1, Pada 4]
Adhikarana 1: Pradhana Cannot be the Cause of the Creation < [Adhyaya 2, Pada 2]
Sūtra 3.3.46 < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 3]
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 2.19 - The names of the five senses (indriya) < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]
Verse 2.14 - The ‘trasa� beings < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]
Verse 2.23 - The possessors of the remaining four senses < [Chapter 2 - Category of the Living]
Cosmetics, Costumes and Ornaments in Ancient India (by Remadevi. O.)
2.7. Waist Ornaments (b): 鲹ś < [Chapter 3 - Ornaments]
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