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痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 Bhakti concept can be found everywhere in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya The name and the theme of the poem are enough to prove the devotion of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 towards Lord 碍峁涐梗峁嘺. the tenth skandha of 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 is the theme for the poem which describes the life and deeds of 碍峁涐梗峁嘺.

The employment of the synonyms of 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 in every first verses of each canto is another matter of fact which reveals the bhakti of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补. Vasudevanandana, 碍峁涐梗峁嘺, 惭腻诲丑补惫补, 狈腻谤腻测补峁嘺, Deva, Nandana and 闯颈峁ａ箛耻 are the synonyms used in the first verses of each canto.^[1]

The 笔补诲补肠补苍诲颈办腻 commentary begins with the verse,

vighne艣abh膩rat墨vy膩saguru艣膩bdikam奴rtaye |
namo'stu patye bh奴t膩n膩峁� sad膩nandacid膩tmane ||^[2]

The author adores Lord 痴颈驳丑苍别艣补 Goddess Saraswat墨, 痴测腻蝉补, Guru, P膩峁噄n墨 and Lord 艢颈惫补 in the above verse.

Then the second verse, the author 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 salutes the ten incarnations of Lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻.

matsyakacchapabh奴d膩ran峁泂i峁僪ava峁璾vigraham |
naumi r膩matray墨-k峁涐梗峁嘺-kalkir奴pamadhok峁�ajam ||^[3]

In the next verse 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 praises Lord 碍峁涐梗峁嘺.

kundas奴namanoh膩ri mandah膩savir膩jitam |
nandagopakulotta峁僺amindir膩rama峁嘺峁� bhaje ||^[4]

Hence, there can be found instances for 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 devotion.

In the same way, the verses quoted from 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 in the 笔补诲补肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 commentary of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya, also proves his devotion towards 碍峁涐梗峁嘺. 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 quotes 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补鈥� s verses for substantiating certain statement. For example 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 delineate the difference between 骋补峁単腻 and Surasindhu, quote a hemistitch from 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补^[5]. Thus the quotations from 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 can be seen in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya This shows 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 interest towards 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 and his devotion to Lord 碍峁涐梗峁嘺.

Besides, the description of birth of 碍峁涐梗峁嘺, festivals and depictions regarding the 碍峁涐梗峁嘺鈥檚 birth^[6], eulogy and worship done by Vasudeva to the Lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻^[7], etc. are well described. Through these descriptions it can be understood the devotion of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 to 碍峁涐梗峁嘺.

Along with these descriptions the sixth canto is completely devoted to praise K峁涐梗峁涐箛a. 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 devotion and philosophy are well-developed in this canto.

Here, the section of 碍腻濒颈测补尘补谤诲诲丑补苍补^[8], holds too many references to the Bhakti of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补.

bhajetacet bhavanta峁僴膩''manasyamav膩pnuy膩t |
muktasa峁僰a峁璦micch膩mo sa bhav膩n mu帽cat膩mamum || (痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya 6.75)

The man who worships 碍峁涐梗峁嘺, will not affected by the sorrows if he worship 碍峁涐梗峁嘺. Here 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 shows his devotion to 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 and he considers the Lord 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 as the destroyer of all kind of sorrows.

The author also states that, 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 the ninth incarnation of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻, as the provider of all four 笔耻谤耻峁Ｄ乺迟丑补蝉 viz. Dharma, Artha, 碍腻尘补 and 惭辞办峁�a.

apavargacaturth膩n膩m arth膩n膩峁� d膩ture峁�a te |
avat膩ro'tranavamo m膩 na vya帽j墨d day膩mayi || (痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya 6.77)

Thus it is clear that 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 gives prominence to the Lord 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 among the ten incarnations of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻.痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 considers the Lord as the superior power of the world. 叠谤补丑尘腻 and 艢颈惫补 execute their responsibilities according to the instructions of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻.

痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 comprises this concept in the verse,

墨岣峣峁�e naiva 办颈峁僣颈迟 tva峁� 墨艣i峁�e jagato'pi yat |
edhete tvatprasattyaiva vidh膩t峁沢iri艣膩vapi | (痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya 6.82)

The concept of supremacy of the Lord 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 is beautifully portrays to another verse of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya.

The man has the eight 础颈艣惫补谤测补蝉 viz. 础峁噄尘腻, 尝补驳丑颈尘腻 etc. and who served the other deities like 叠谤补丑尘腻 etc. could not attain salvation (苍颈谤惫腻峁嘺) unless he worships 碍峁涐梗峁嘺.

yukto'峁噄m膩dyaira峁ａ弓膩bhissevam膩na岣� par膩napi |
bhavantamanup膩s墨no na n膩 苍颈谤惫腻峁嘺m峁沜chati || (痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya 6.83)

In this way, 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 concept regarding Bhakti can be seen in the poem. According to Vasudeva the path of salvation is the devotion towards 痴颈峁ａ箛耻.

He state that all kinds of deities prevalent are different forms of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻. The Lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 consumes numerous postures and ate the sacrificial offerings which are subject to other deities. It means all other deities are the one and same i.e 痴颈峁ａ箛耻.

Besides, he killed 搁腻惫补峁嘺 and also able to prevent the sea by building bridge across it.

hav墨峁冡梗i sarvadaivatyan膩dithatvamanekadh膩 |
诲补艣补惫补办迟谤补峁� 苍颈苍别迟丑腻苍迟补峁� 蝉颈苍诲丑耻峁� 产补苍诲丑耻峁� 艣a艣aktha ca || (痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya 6.73)

Again, 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补depicts Lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 as the creator of world. It is he who created the whole nature which includes the principles from Mahat (Budhi) to the 笔补帽肠补产丑奴迟补蝉 (笔峁泃丑惫墨 etc.).

In addition to this, he is the creator of the four Vedas, and the whole 艢谤耻迟颈.

dadra峁ａ弓ha c膩turvaidya峁� tva峁� sasmartha ca 艣谤耻迟墨岣� puna岣� |
mahad膩di p峁泃hivyanta峁� tattvaj膩ta峁� sasarjitha || (痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya 6.72)

From these references, it can be known that the devotion towards 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 of the author is bound less. The Bhakti concept of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 is generally termed as Hinduism, especially 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘. 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 reveals his philosophical concept through his poem. The philosophy of 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘 is well explained in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya It satisfies the basic tenets of 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘 as it ordains the devotion towards 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 or one of the incarnations of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻. Here the character of 碍峁涐梗峁嘺, the ninth incarnation of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 is well versed and thus the author of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya tries to focus on his philosophy of Lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻. 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 auto-commentary on 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya viz. 笔补诲补肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 throws much light on his Bhakti philosophy to Lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻. The important literary works regarding 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘 are Vedas, 鲍辫补苍颈峁�a诲蝉, 叠丑补驳补惫补诲驳墨迟腻, 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 etc. The texts referred to in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya are also included in these groups such as 艢谤耻迟颈, 厂尘峁泃颈, 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 痴别诲腻峁単补蝉 and Philosophical treatises like 厂腻峁卥丑测补, Yoga etc.

To Sum up, 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 Bhakti can be found everywhere in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya The poem and its commentary abundantly contributed a lot to the Philosophy of 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘 and Bhakti literature.

Interestingly there are a few scattered references from the works of the scholars who considered as the followers of 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘.

搁奴辫补驳辞蝉惫腻尘颈苍, Bopadeva etc. are some of them. For instance the verse,

办补耻尘腻谤补峁� 辫补帽肠补尘腻产诲腻苍迟补峁� 辫补耻驳补峁囜笉补峁� da艣am膩vadhi |
办补颈艣辞谤补尘腻辫补帽肠补诲补艣腻诲 测补耻惫补苍补峁� tu 迟补迟补岣� param ||^[9]

Found in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya can be seen referred to in the 叠丑补办迟颈谤补蝉腻尘峁泃补蝉颈苍诲丑耻 of 搁奴辫补驳辞蝉惫腻尘颈苍 who is a follower of 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫补 philosophy.^[10]

Simultaneously, the name Bopadeva is also mentioned in 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补vijaya to explain the 23 principles of Yoga Philosophy.^[11] Bopadeva is a follower of 痴补颈峁ａ箛补惫颈蝉尘.^[12]

To conclude, 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补鈥檚 proficiency is not limited in the Paninian grammar only. He holds well knowledge in all other disciplines such as Vedic and philosophical works. He possesses his skill in 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 also. Apart from 笔腻峁噄苍墨测补, 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 is well-proficient in the non-paninian grammatical systems like Bhoja鈥檚 厂补谤补蝉惫补迟墨办补峁囜弓丑腻产丑补谤补峁嘺 etc. Thus it can be said that 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 is a versatile scholar in the realm of Sanskrit. The Bhakti concept of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 is also evident from the poem. His devotion to 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 is reflected in the whole poem especially in the sixth canto. Hence it can be identified that 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 is a versatile scholar as well as Grammarian-Philosopher.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

It is described in the third chapter in detail.

[2]:

Prof.Vijayapal Sastri.op.cit.v.1

[3]:

ibid,v.2

[4]:

Ibid, v.3

[5]:

mand膩kin墨ti ca divi ca bhogavat墨ti
c膩dho ga峁僩oti ceha cara峁嚹乵b奴 pun膩ti vi艣vam | 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补-10/70/44

[6]:

Prof.Vijayapal Sastri.op.cit.v.3.5-24

[7]:

ibid, 2.4, 3.24-30

[8]:

Ibid,v.6.43-54

[9]:

The verse is seen in 笔补诲尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 鲍迟迟补谤补办丑补峁囜笉补, ch.245. v.164. Also seen in the 叠丑补办迟颈谤补蝉腻尘峁泃补蝉颈苍诲丑耻, II.1.120

[10]:

Vide ref. 叠丑补办迟颈谤补蝉腻峁泃补蝉颈苍诲丑耻

[11]:

Prof.Vijayapal Sastri.op.cit.v.1.54

[12]:

Dayanandasaraswati considered Bopadeva as the author of 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补pur膩峁嘺, where as some scholars like BaladevaUpadhyaya suggest that 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补 was already popular before the period of Bopadeva of 13^th century. (www.kamakotimandali.com)