Ushaharana Kavya of Trivikrama Pandita (Study)
by Pranesh R. Archak | 1999 | 56,897 words
This is a study and English summary of the the Ushaharana Kavya—an Sanskrit epic poem written by Trivikrama Pandita in the 13th century. The thesis highlights Trivikrama’s dual identity as a philosopher and poet, showcasing his profound contributions to Sanskrit literature, especially through the Usaharana, which remains overshadowed by works of mo...
Canto 8 - Lord Krishna’s victory over Lord Shiva and Banasura
The poet continues to describe a picturesque view of the battle-field. Lord Krishna in the battle-field appeared most resplendent as endowed with the brilliant Sudarsana. 34 He prepared His Sarnga-bow for discharching the arrows. At that time, Krsna blew His glorious Pancajanya-conch. The poet describes that Lord Krsna was endowed with brilliant black complexion like that of water-laiden-clouds. As such, shining Nandaka sword held by Krishna, shone like lightning flashed in a heap of black clouds.35 Those who perceived Lord Krishna the very form of divine-splendour, felt themselves blessed. Such Krsna was seen as friend by Yadavas, god of Death by the demons, Lord by the gods, Highest Brahman by the ordinary people, and as Supreme Person by the sages. Then Krsna told Pradyumna about strength of Banasura's army including Guha and Siva. "Bana's army looks like river belt covered by
tatah karastalasthasya sahasrarasya cakradhrk | sahasrakiranatyacchatejasastejasa tatah || Ibid., (VIII.1) 35. nandako jvalito reje kiritangadakundalaih | syamo vidyudbhirudbhinno dhrtasanirivambudah | | Ibid., (VIII. 5)
49 36 tremulous trees on either sides i.e., army appears much frightened and has lost the sense of duty to be attended to at proper timings. Just as the rivers disappear in the sea, even so, all enemies being overpowered by our brilliant sharp arrows losing their existence. 37 The horse-limb of their army has reached pitiable condition. 38 The heap of the dust arising from wheels of the chariots, veils elephants' temples exuding ichor in rut. The dreadful swords held by the enemies are shaking out of fear. The wounded heads of the enemies are stained in blood. Having seen this plightful condition of the army, the minister Kumbhanda dissuades Bana from his going to battle-field. "Bana who has grown haughty by riches by the support of Shiva, Parvati as well as Guha, and by intoxication of youth, is now not in a position to understand what to do. 39 Moreover, during Nrsimha incarnation of Mine, the belly of the demon king Hiranyakasipu was torn opened by me. And his son Prahlada was my ardent devotee. 40 Moreover during Vamana incarnation of Mine, Bali though grandson of Prahlada, could not secure heaven; but placing My foot on his head I thrusted him down to Patala. And now, it is for me no task to defeat Bali's son, 41 Banasura endowed with a thousand arms. And 'Sakti' weapon of Sanmukha is not at all terrifying one to us. Moreover; Shiva is not in a position to protect his devotee Bana. Because the glory of Siva, with 36. pasya banambuvahinyo bhirutiradrumadruhah | vyakulam banavahinya apatantyapaga iva || Ibid., (VIII.10) 37. ativelojjvalairastrairabhibhuta ivormibhih | 38. astam gacchanti casmasu prayasah sagaresviva || Ibid., (VIII.11 ) aksata khuraviksepaih ksitirasparsanadiva | 39. aisvaryadapratikaradviryadaryasutesayoh | || Ibid., (VIII.12) tarunyaccaparad drto na vijanatyupasthitam || Ibid., (VIII.18) 40. avatarantare yasya nirabhedi nakhairurah | 41. hiranyakasipostasya prahlado matparah sutah || Ibid., (VIII.19) tasya pautro balih svarganna canyenapa vicyutim | sahasrabahostatsunoh sukaro me parabhavah || Ibid., (VIII. 20)
50 which he attacks us as enemies, is due to Me only. 42 Such army of Bana will disappear in no time, hit by scorching heat of the flames of the arrows discharged, just as ice disappears by Sun's rays." 43 Thus in order to ward off the fear from the enemies, Krsna degraded the strength of Bana's army. Being much propelled by Krsna and Balarama, Pradyumna got his steadiness broke open; and having seen the enemy-army, he spoke in great rage. O Lord Krsna, the very form of Bliss, all soldiers around us, wish to know the your unsurpassable glory. O God, You are the supreme cause of creation and dissolution of the universe. This is the work of mere Your will-power. And does such unfathomable will-power remain idle in making Bana defeated? Never ! O God, Your power is increased by the addition of that of Your elder brother Balarama, the incarnation of Adisesa, whose venomous breath in wrath, through his thousand mouths makes the universe burnt to ashes. 44 In wrath, Balarama has grown like an intoxicated elephant, terrible due to valour like a lion, deep-hearted like the ocean, and burning like fire in summer season. Balarama even not being influenced by anger, can destroy the enemies easily, just as Davagni burns a heap of dry-grass. O God, a person though having less knowledge of discrimination, if remains in the company of Your devotees, he would secure knowledge, devotion and all his mundane relations would perish. O Lord, Your obedient servant, Garuda who can achieve impossible things, would make the army of Bana, accompanied by Siva, scatter. 45 The battle-field, though fierceful, does not cause any fear in me. 42. 43. avijitya harah satrun bhaktam na tratumarhati | apakriyayam casmasu kimaisvaryam mahesvare || Ibid., (VIII. 22 ) bhavam karosi vabhavam yaya visvasya mayaya | satravanamanisatra bhavetsa kim parabhave || Ibid., (VIII.31) 44. yasyocchvasasravatsarvamujjvalisyati rusyatah | sahasrasirasah so'yamanantastvadanantarah || Ibid., (VIII. 32 ) 45. garudatmanamatmasau kinkaro'tibaleritah | sune sena te'sadhyam kim karoti bale'ritah || Ibid., (VIII.36)
51 46 By the favour of you two - Lord Krishna and Balarama, I certainly destroy the army of Bana O Lord Krishna, who else in the three worlds can stand before me in fight? i.e. None. Even if, Bana being afraid of us, were to give back our son Aniruddha, I would not let Bana free. As Bana has bound my son Aniruddha through faul means, the former is unfit to be pardoned. If Siva protects such wicked and deceitful demon, then Bana's offence will accure to Siva, And in such case, I will attack Shiva too.47 I do not care for Skanda, son of Lord Shiva, and Banasura having thousand arms in the battle-field." Such agitated Pradyumna was cooled down by Krishna. At the same time, all enemy-soldiers including the attendants of Shiva started discharging their weapons against Balarama, Krsna and Pradyumna. It caused fierceful atmosphere in the battle-field. The arrows discharged by the army on the both sides appeared like birds flying in the sky. Being hit by the arrows, the soldiers became destitute of power like the birds with the wings cut off. At this moment, Lord Krishna placed the arrows on his Sarnga-bow to discharge at enemies. The weapons of Balarama, Krsna and Pradyumna were infalliable. Garuda also helped these three divine valiant personages in a befitting manner. The enemies in the battle-field being hit by the well known weapons of Lord Krsna such as Kaumodaki, Nandaka, were stained in blood, and some fell in swoon and some were disposed off their lives. Also, the invincible plough of Balarama was struck at the enemies, as such, their heads were rolled down to the ground. 48 Lord Krishna's display of His weapons caused wonder to Pradyumna. Since the enemies were pained, wounded, handicapped, and killed, in the battle-field, 46. 47. ayamadya prasadadvamekah sampadayamyaham | nirasunasuran sarvamstvaraya nisitaih saraih || Ibid., (VIII.38) api visvesamisanamanvitamamarasuraih | pratyayatpratyavasthane yuddhaya vijayotsukam || Ibid., (VIII. 42 ) 48. gandasailaghanonmurthro nispimsan musali halam | prahinodahitangesu prthusvasuvikarsanam || Ibid., (VIII.59)
52 the land of Sonitapura appeared as if covered by the blood.49 Thus, in the uproar atmosphere of the battle-field, the blood was flowing all over earth. As a result, it appeared like a river of blood. And in this river, the tremulous eyes in the faces cut off, were seen like fishes. The arms of the soldiers detached from their bodies were looked like crocodiles. The faces stained in blood appeared like lotuses. The hair were seen as moss along the river bed; and in such furious waves of blood the chariots were looked like boats floating on the river surface. 50 Seeing pitiable condition of Bana's army, Shiva got enraged and approached Lord Krsna and showed his agitated prowess before Krsna. Both Siva and Krsna started discharging the arrows at each other. This fight between Shiva and Krsna was witnessed by the demigods, Siddhas, divine sage Narada etc. in the Antariksa. All these divine beings in the Antariksa became anxious to see this fierceful fight. They earnestly asked both Lord Siva and Lord Krsna to stop the fight causing much destruction to the universe.5 51 52 In order to put an end to the fight and to calm down the fierceful form of Shiva, Lord Krsna discharged Jrmbhana missile at him. Consequently, the enthusiasm of fighting in the minds of all enemies and in the mind of Siva disappeared. All enemies fell on the ground infatuated.53 Knowing this plight of his army, the demon-king Bana, 49. sonitapuranaragitarorvi vairividaranakaranabhutaih | sonitapuranaragitarorvibhrrtrpatatribhiratra babhuva || Ibid., (VIII.68) 50. netrairdirghervijitasapharivibhramaih sambhramadbhih bahugra vadanakamale kesasaivalamale | raktaughe'smin saridupamite sandramastiskapanke mandam mandam dadhurudupatam syandanah syandamanah || Ibid., (VIII. 69 ) 51. vaksassthalaksmipriya paksiketo daksayanimi srasarira sambho | : prasidatam samharatam viharam viksobhikaya jagatah svasakteh || Ibid., (VIII. 82) 52. ittham munindrairmahito mukundo mahanmahimna ramamana ajau 1 sa jrmbhanastraprahitoruviryam mumoca banam haramohanaya || Ibid., (VIII. 85) 53. dhvastarasaparasuratah samudayalilasa tatra saparasuratah | mohamayanmanasibhavadvesi tasmatprabhamayanmanasibhavah || Ibid., (VIII. 87 )
53 raging in the fire of anger with fierceful red eyes, came to the battle-field. Lord Krishna without a second thought, cut off all thousand arms of Banasura by His Sudarsana disc.54 Proclaiming the words of victory, all gods in great joy, approached Siva and Krsna, then worshipped them in due manner. As a token of great honour, flowers were showered from heaven on Lord Krishna. And, witnessing Lord Krishna's victorious sports like cutting off thousand arms of Bana, winning over Siva etc. all divine beings-gods, Gandharvas, Yaksas sang the glory of Lord Krsna.
54. sahasramasmadbahatam bhujanam prthakkrtam cakrabhrta babhuva | vatyahrtantena yatha yuganam mahadrisrngadrumasannipatah || Ibid., (VIII.90)