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With a view to glorify the supremacy of Lord Krsna in the frame of a poetry, the great poet-cum-philosopher, Trivikrama Pandita, has composed the Usaharanakavya in nine cantos. The first canto runs into one hundred and fourteen verses. In the beginning, the poet offers his salutation to Lord Hari in the form of Krsna, whose eyes-like-vessels drink the nectar in the form of lustre of goddess Laksmi, whose complexion is as charming as that of black clouds, and who is endowed with the endless qualities like Aisvarya etc.¹ Then, poet pays respects to Subrahmanya Pandita who was his father and the preceptor as well.2 Further, the poet promises that he composes a poem full of all sentiments with the help of knowledge given by the Lord for sake of scholars. He is a tree called Likuca. The travellers take rest in the shade of this tree, take their food and then they move. In order to welcome those guests to the best of his capacity, the poet produces a sweet fruit.3 The poet further tells that he does not stick himself like others to a particular style like Vaidarbhi, Gaudi or Pancali, but he picks up that particular style which suits more to the delineation of the subject-matter. 4 Thus, the verses from one to seven give a clear picture of the unique nature and style of the poetry. 1. 嗉�.. 2. laksmilavanyapiyusapanapatrayiteksanah | saniraniradasyamah patu vo bhagavanharih || Usaharanam, Gurusarvabhouma Sriraghavendratirthapratisthanam, Dharwad, 1990, p.1., I.1 yatpadapadmayugarenunisevanena sadyah prabhutamatayo bhavino bhavamti | skamdabhidhanagaditam gurumadya murdhna jnanamrtopanidhibhumimamum namami || Ibid., (I.2) 3. vijnanapatheyavatam vipascidagamtukanamahamatmasaktya | atithyakaryaya phalam rasardra kavyabhidhanam likuca prasosye || Ibid., (I.3) 4. vaidarbhamarganugatah kavimdrah kecitpare gaudapathapravinah | prayena tesamanuvrttyabhavadvayanabhijnastvapathena yami || Ibid., (1.6)

17 Narration of the story begins from the eighth verse: Once, all gods intended to see Lord Visnu; as such under the leadership of Brahma, they started to Milk ocean. On the way, they started eulogizing the supreme glory of Lord Narayana: "He is the subtler Entity than the subtlest, yet He is perceived by the yogis in their meditation. He is the Prime-impeller of all individual souls beginning from Brahma. He is the Creator, Sustainer and Destroyer of the universe. Lord Hari of such immutable glory, is ever served by His consort, goddess Laksmi. 5 Then, follows a lengthy beautiful description of the Milk ocean; the brilliance of which is increased due the to the effulgent Adisesa: The ocean is the core of all jewels like Indranila etc. Because of the blackglowing of Indranila jewels spread over in the bottom of the ocean, the sky appeared as being covered by black-clouds. As such, being mistaken for black-clouds in the sky, the pea-cocks in the forest along the shore, started dancing in great joy. Having seen the Milk ocean of innumerable wonders, the gods forgot the joys of heaven and immersed in seeing the ocean with no let up. 7 6 Being intent on direct-vision of Lord Hari, Brahma and other gods started eulogizing Him through his all four faces. Brahma describes at 5. 6. 7. srimamtah sripatim devam devah semdra vidrksavah | ksirodadhimupajagmuh purodhaya prajapatim || yattatvam yogibhih suksmam pratyaksamanubhuyate | visade hrdayambhoje mukhavanmanidarpane || yah saksatkurute nityam jamtunam vrttimamtarim | bahyam cabrahmagulmamtam svatamtryadigunatmakah || yanmaya jagatah srstisthitisamharakarini | rajah satvam tama iti tribhiretairalamkrta || nilotpaladalasyamamimdira yamanimdita | sevate sumdari vamdya ksanadyutirivambudam || Ibid., (I.8-12) amtasthemdramanisrenisriya syamalitembare | pravrdasamkaya nrtyadvelavanakalapinam || Ibid., (I.18) vismayadvismrtasvargavibhramenamtaratmana | tamimam jaladhisrestham dadrsustridasa muhuh || Ibid., (I.29)

18 length the glory of Vamanavatara of Lord Narayana. Being pleased, Lord Narayana manifested before the gods and asked the purpose of their arrival. Brahma explained to the Lord about the obstructions brought upon by the demon-kings: "The demons in guise of princely forms, have abudant physical strength, enjoy administerial posts, snatch away huge prosperity from other kings and the subjects. They obstruct the religious performances and physically punish the people engaged in such performances. They claim for the oblations offered in the Yajnas. Thus these demon-kings have made the entire earth immersed in grief.8 Having said thus, Brahma earnestly asked Lord Narayana to incarnate on the earth to protect the earth. Lord Hari too gave them an assurance of protecting the earth, incarnating as Lord Krishna in the clan of Yadavas. Goddess Earth was very glad to know that her Lord would incarnate on the earth and lessen the weight of demon-kings.9 Accordingly, Lord Narayana willed to incarnate on the earth.10 Devaki bore the lustre of the Lord in her womb, And Lord Narayana manifested through her. Having seen Lord Narayana's manifestation as Vasudeva, Brahma and other gods were overjoyed and showered the flowers on Him. At this, the heaven became ecstatic. Out of joy, gods 8. 9. 10. 11 abhisiktasca rajyesu saprabhavastarasvinah | suvesa iva te yosah sarvato grhnate sriyam || mohapadakasampataih sudurdarsajavaih saraih | yugapatsakalam lokam vasikurvamtyanamgavat || anrsamsyam parityajya param dharmamami bata | yajnadinasuroddesyanmanvate baddhamanyavah || alodayamti te prthvim bhagavanbalagarvitah | nidaghasamaye yadvanmadamdhah kumjara nadim || Ibid., (I.72,73,75,76) tatra bharasahe bhumirbharamavedya bhartari | gdat zakuivani gden fadar u || Ibid., (1.82) bhagavanapyathamsena bhuvi karyasya siddhaye | avirbhavitumudyukto druhinoktimanusmaran || Ibid., (I.83) 11. samsamtyah sarmapatratvam madhura madhurapurah | vavrsurdevatah puspairjayamane janardane || Ibid., (1.87)

19 began playing on the musical instruments, heavenly damsels started dancing. ' 12 Devaki too was overwhelmed with joy to see extra-brilliance of her son Vasudeva. Because of the fear from Kamsa, the child Krishna was brought to Nandagopa at Gokula. 13 Lord Krsna even as a young lad, started exhibiting His supernatural powers. Sportively young Krsna destroyed all wicked demons sent by Kamsa to kill him. 14 Krsna made the Gopis joyous in Vrndavanam. Having planned to kill Balarama and Krishna , Kamsa invited them for a festival of bow. Accordingly, there started fist-fight. Being commanded by Kamsa, Canura and Mustika were to fight against Balarama and Krishna . At the end, both the fist - fighters were easily killed by the latter. 1 16 Krsna killed Kamsa. Kalanemi, hiding within Kamsa, went to hell (and the good soul i.e. Bhrgu gained higher region). Lord Krsna cut asunder the bondage of imprisonment of Vasudeva and Devaki, who then expressed their joy to see their son. Then, king Ugrasena was crowned on throne as the lord of Yadavas by Krsna.17 12. srjamtastarasa''ravam devadumdubhayah svayam | nihamtrnam mudam cakrurnityaghatalasatmanam || asravi sadam gitam vipamcinam kalasvanaih | ahatanam ca talanam uparaktam manoharam || kvanatkamkanakimkinyo girvanaganikamganah | lasallasyam pade visnorvisnoh prityai vitenire || Ibid., (I.88-90) 13. nanamda vasudevo'pi kathamcidvigatavyathah | 14. govimdam gokulam nitva bhojarajabhayarditah || Ibid., (I.102) ye ye yata hareh parsvam kamsadasa mahaujasah | te te vinihatastena patamga iva vahnina || Ibid., (I.106) 15. suvesa mrdubhasinya pranayatparivavrire | navanitamusam yadvatkalabham kariniganah || Ibid., (I.108) 16. canuramustikau tabhyam nrtyadbhyam ranamamdale | 17. nihatau krsnaramabhyam vyaghrabhyamiva jambukau || Ibid., (I.111) nityam nimdanmukumdam tam mamcatah patito bhuvi | pamcatamapitah kamsastenamdham ca tamo'surah ||