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xiv Abhaya, Aksasutra, Amalasaraka, Andaka, Angula, GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS a hand posture, blessing, fearlesness. rosary. a ribbed member of pinnacle, symbolizing an 'amalaka' just below the finial. an amalaka or smiga (spire). unit of measurement of one finger's breadth, or of eight barley-corns. 24 angula make one hasta (cubit). a hook-like weapon wielded by some divinities. as an attribute. vestibule, chamber in front of a shrine or cella. the antechamber immediately adjoining the garbhagrha. Ankusa, Antarala, Ardhamandapa, Ardhendu, Asana, seat or pedestal. Asra, Astabhumika, Astadikpala, crescent. Astakona, Astasra, Ayata, Bhadra, edge, corner. eight storeyed shrine. the eight regents or guardians of the four cardinal and four intermediate points of the compass. octagonal. octagonal, also astakona. rectangular, sometimes the sanctum. projection, also nirgama. Bhadramukha, an auspicious face. Bhaumya, Bhitti, Bhramana, comprising bhumis. wall. circumambulation, also pradaksina.

XV Bhumi. Cakra, literally the ground on which all things are founded. also a vertical division of the super structure of the horizontal courses of the sikhara the wheel. decorative arched niche; false dormer window. quadrangle. Candrasala, a Caturasra, Catuskona, Cella, Daruja, Dhvaja, Dvarapala, Dvarasakhas, Dvirastaka, Gajaprsthakrti, Ganas, Garbhagrha, Gavaksa, Ghata, Griva, Hamsa, Hemakuta, Jagati, Jalagavaksa Jangha, Kalasa, quardrangle. a small chamber of garbhagrha. wooden. banner. door-guardian. doorframes of the main doorway. sixteen-sided also Sodasassa. resembling the shape of elephants back; wagon-vault roof. demigods, attendants of Siva, usually represented as obese dwarfs. a cella or inner room of a temple. a window resembling the cow's eye; generally a latticed window. vase or pot motif. the neck of the superstructure. goose, emblem of Brahma. golden spire, type of valabhi temple. platform. latticed window, see gavaksa. wall, particularly the portion embellished with sculptures. pitcher, crowning member of a spire, a halfround moulding.

Kamandalu. water-jar used by hermits and gods. corner, also Karna. Kanaka, Kantha, Kapola (Kapala). Kapota, constriction below xvi the finial of the superstructure, a moulding. projection, also bhadra. Karna, Ksetra, Kati, Kuhara, Kumbha, Kupa, Linga, Mandapa, Manjari, Matha, Meru, Mukha-mandapa, Mukuta, Mulaprasada, Nagara, Natyasala, Navabhumika, Nemi, Nirgama, roll comice, a moulding. corner. any field or area of the temple. literally 'hip' used to mean the decorated part of a well also called jangha. small window. form of a water-pot, a pitcher. well, phallic emblem of Siva. pavilion or assembly hall. small spire, generally erected above a miniature shrine. monastery. the world mountain of Indian cosmology; a type of temple described in the Puranas. front hall of the temple. crown. the main shrine. the northern type of temple architecture characterized by the curvilinear sikhara. theatre. nine-storeyed shrine. periphery of the platform around the sanctum, the open place for pradaksina. projection, also bhadra.

xvii Padma, Padmakumbha, Pancabhumika, Pancayatana. Parivaralaya, Patravalli, Pindika, Pithika, Pradaksina, Praggriva, Pramatha, Prasada, Pratihara, Pratima, Purusa, Puspavatika, Ratha (rathanka), Rucaka, Sadasra, Sakha, Sala, Sapindika, Sikhara, Silpasastra, Silpin, lotus. pillar capital, generally decorated by potfoliage motif. five-storeyed shrine. the type of temple with four shrines grouped around a fifth main sanctuary, and attached to it by cloisters. sub-shines surrounding the main temple. scroll motif. image of a deity or a linga with pedestal. pedestal. circumambulatory (path) around the sanctum. signifies an antarala or two-pillared portico. goblin. the type of building in the shape of a terraced pyramid, generally in the sense of a temple. door-keepers. image. the Supreme Soul. garden of flowers. projection on walls decorated with sculptures. square form as applied to pillar cross-section. hexagonal. vertical ornamental fillet of a doorjamb. hall, mukhasala. an image with pedestal, see pindika. a part of the nagara temple normally above kantha. a manual of architecture, sculpture and painting. a craftsman.

xviii Sadasasra Srnga, Srivrksa, Srnga, Stambha, sixteen-sided. miniature turrets placed all around the main superstructure at the lowest level. the sacred fig-tree, used to mean a decorative vegetal motif on door-jambs. miniature sikhara, turret. pillar, pilaster. trefoiled projection with sunken medallions, also known as mahanasika. Sukanasa, Suragrha, house of god, temple. Susira, Svastika, perforated part like a latticed window. auspicious-cum-decorative mark. Torana, portal, monumental doorway. Trikona, Tula, Udumbara, Uptula, Utpala, Valabhi, Vatanirgama, Vastu, Vastu-pariksa, Vastusastra, Vastupurusa, Vault, Vedi, Vedibandha, Vedika, triangular. architrave. door-sill. a horizontal stone slab superposing the architrave. blue lotus. ridge of a roof, also the name of a specific type of temples, ventilator. site of the temple. examination of the ground of the building site. rules of architecture. deity of the building ground. an arched-covering over any space. an altar. decorated and moulded basement. railing or fence or a sacred enclosure.

xix Vidyadhara, Vimana, Vina. Vitta. Yajnopavita, Yupa, celestial being angel. sikhara or spire of the temple, sometimes the whole temple. a musical instrument. circle, circular a sacred thread. sacrificial post, kalasa in the form of a lingam for Devi temples.