365betÓéÀÖ

Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and periodontal status

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in relation to periodontal status and assessment of leukotoxin in periodontal disease: A clinico-microbiological study
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.

Original source:

This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.

Author:

Sudhakar Shuntikudege Suprith, Swati Setty, Kishore Bhat, Srinath Thakur


Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:

(A bimonthly open-access journal)

Full text available for: Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in relation to periodontal status and assessment of leukotoxin in periodontal disease: A clinico-microbiological study

Year: 2018 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_36

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study investigates the role of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a), a significant pathogen associated with periodontal disease, particularly focusing on its serotypes and leukotoxin production. A.a has been classified into various serotypes based on its cell surface characteristics, with the leukotoxin being a crucial virulence factor affecting the severity and progression of periodontal infections. This research aims to detect specific serotypes of A.a and assess their correlation with periodontal health by analyzing subgingival plaque samples from individuals diagnosed with chronic and aggressive periodontitis.

Predominance of Serotype b

The research findings indicate that serotype b is the most frequently detected strain in patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, suggesting a strong association between this serotype and periodontal disease. Approximately 45% of the analyzed plaque samples tested positive for A.a, with serotype b alone appearing in 33.33% of instances, while serotype e was present in 8.33% of samples. Notably, a combination of serotypes was found in 47.22% of sites, with the presence of multiple serotypes being more typical in the context of severe disease manifestations. Importantly, all samples contained minimally toxic variants of A.a, which may indicate a lesser role of leukotoxin in disease pathology compared to the dominance of specific serotypes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study highlights the critical role of serotype b in the context of both chronic and aggressive periodontitis while establishing a statistically significant association between the presence of specific A.a serotypes and periodontal disease status. However, the research does not find a corresponding relationship between the presence of leukotoxin and periodontal health, suggesting that further research is needed to explore the virulent characteristics of various A.a strains. Identifying the predominance of specific serotypes and understanding their impact on periodontal conditions can help shape targeted approaches for diagnosis and treatment in affected populations.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the main aim of the study?

The study aimed to detect serotypes a, b, c, d, and e of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and assess their correlation with periodontal disease status in individuals.

What were the key findings regarding serotypes in this study?

The study found that serotype b and e were predominant in chronic periodontitis, while serotype b was most common in aggressive periodontitis. Low-toxic variants of A.a were present in all samples.

What method was used to detect A.a serotypes?

Multiplex PCR was employed for serotyping to ensure sensitivity and specificity, allowing for the detection of the targeted serotypes effectively.

How was the leukotoxin status assessed in the study?

Leukotoxin assessment was conducted through PCR to identify a 530-bp deletion characterizing highly leukotoxic clones, confirming that all samples were minimally leukotoxic.

What statistical methods were applied in this research?

The study utilized descriptive statistics for proportion calculations and the Chi-square test to find associations between serotypes, leukotoxin presence, and periodontal disease.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and periodontal status�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Table:
In scientific research, 'Table' often refers to a structured representation of data or information. Tables organize complex data, allowing researchers to summarize findings, make comparisons, or illustrate relationships between variables effectively. They are crucial for presenting statistical results, demographic data, or experimental outcomes in a clear and concise manner.

2) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' denotes a systematic investigation aimed at discovering new information, validating existing knowledge, or solving specific problems. In medical research, studies can vary in type (e.g., observational, clinical trials) and are critical to advancing understanding in fields such as epidemiology, pharmacology, and psychosocial health.

3) Disease:
'Disease' refers to a pathological condition of a living organism often characterized by specific symptoms and signs. In the context of the research, periodontal disease is a focus, highlighting the role of specific bacteria (e.g., A. actinomycetemcomitans) in its development, which helps understand the infection's mechanisms and impacts on health.

4) Relative:
'Relative' indicates the relationship between different factors or groups. In research, it often compares the prevalence or severity of conditions, such as identifying the relative risk associated with specific serotypes of bacteria in various populations. This understanding aids in discerning patterns and guiding preventive measures.

5) Medium:
'Medium' in microbiology refers to the substance or environment in which bacteria grow and multiply. Selective media (like Dentaid agar for A. actinomycetemcomitans) is designed to support specific bacterial growth while inhibiting others, thus facilitating the identification and quantification of pathogens in clinical samples.

6) Water:
In laboratory contexts, 'Water' is a fundamental solvent used in various procedures, including sample preparation, dilutions, and PCR reactions. The quality of water is crucial, as contaminants can adversely affect experimental results. Additionally, hydration is vital for biological specimens, highlighting the need for purity in research processes.

7) Tai:
'Thai' refers to elements related to Thailand, including the population, culture, or specific regional health studies. In the context of periodontal research, comparing Thai individuals' bacteria profiles with other populations can reveal geographic and ethnic differences in disease susceptibility and microbiological profiles.

8) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibiotic' denotes a class of drugs used to treat infections, including bacterial diseases. Understanding antibiotic history, use, and resistance mechanisms has become crucial in periodontal disease management. In this research, exclusion criteria consider antibiotic use to ensure accurate assessment of bacterial profiles in study participants.

9) Surface:
'Surface' typically refers to the outer layer of tissues, including those in the oral cavity, where bacteria reside and interact with the host. The study focuses on the bacterial colonization of the subgingival region's surface, which is vital for understanding the disease's pathogenic mechanisms.

10) Indian:
'Indian' pertains to aspects related to India, encompassing its population's health statistics, cultural practices, or specific health risks. It is particularly relevant in understanding localized microbiological and periodontal disease profiles, as factors such as diet, habits, and genetic predispositions affect disease prevalence.

11) Blood:
'Blood' plays a crucial role in systemic health, reflecting nutritional status and carrying immune components. In the context of periodontitis, understanding how systemic conditions and bacterial interactions influence oral health is essential, given the links between periodontal health and systemic diseases involving inflammatory responses.

12) Observation:
'Observation' is critical in research for gathering data through careful monitoring of participants or outcomes. Observational studies help identify patterns, symptoms, and potential causal relationships between factors, thus laying the groundwork for hypotheses that further scientific inquiry can explore and validate.

13) Discussion:
'Discussion' is a section in scientific research where results are interpreted and implications are explored. Here, researchers can analyze findings in the context of existing literature, propose mechanisms, and suggest future research directions, enhancing knowledge and understanding of the studied phenomena.

14) Knowledge:
'Knowledge' refers to the understanding gained through investigation, study, or experience. In research, expanding knowledge about specific pathogens like A.a enhances healthcare practices. This contributes to better diagnostic methods, treatment options, and preventive strategies for periodontal disease management and overall health improvement.

15) Observing:
'Observing' involves closely monitoring actions or phenomena, which is vital in scientific inquiry. In the context of this research, observing bacterial behavior, disease progress, and patient responses provides essential insights leading to a deeper understanding of interactions between different serotypes and periodontal disease development.

16) Pregnant:
The term 'Pregnant' highlights the need to consider patients' conditions in medical research to avoid confounding factors. Pregnancy can influence immune responses and overall health, necessitating exclusion from studies to ensure that findings reflect the bacterial profiles and disease states of non-pregnant individuals.

17) Hygiene (Hygienic):
'Hygiene' relates to practices to maintain health and prevent disease. In periodontal health, oral hygiene practices are critical in managing bacterial load and preventing infections. Understanding hygiene behaviors contributes to developing effective education and intervention strategies for health promotion in various populations.

18) Science (Scientific):
'Science' represents the systematic pursuit of knowledge through observation, experimentation, and theoretical explanation. It underpins research methodologies and the accumulation of knowledge about diseases, facilitating advancements in medical practices and contributing to improved health outcomes through informed interventions.

19) Greece:
'Greece' refers to geographical and cultural aspects of Greece, potentially providing context for comparative studies. Knowledge of Greece's health demographics can assist in understanding how different populations may exhibit varied responses or disease prevalence, contributing to global knowledge in periodontal disease research.

20) India:
'India' emphasizes relevance to the Indian population, which is significant in epidemiological studies. Understanding the clinical characteristics, cultural practices, and health behaviors in India helps in identifying unique patterns of periodontal disease, enhancing the understanding of its prevalence and treatment needs in diverse populations.

21) Sugar:
'Sugar' is significant in the context of periodontal health, as high consumption can contribute to dental decay and periodontal disease. Investigating sugar's role and its metabolic effects aids in understanding the dietary factors influencing periodontal disease progression and patient management strategies.

22) King:
'King' may refer to historical figures or literal kings, often associated with leadership or authority. In research contexts, it could symbolize the requirement for authoritative data and protocols while conducting microbiological studies, ensuring rigorous standards and accuracy in findings to advance scientific knowledge.

23) Hand:
'Hand' can symbolize human interaction in scientific research. Whenever samples are taken or observations recorded manually, the hand's involvement is crucial in research practices. It also represents the necessity of careful handling of samples and instruments to avoid contamination in laboratory settings.

24) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
'Burn' could metaphorically relate to the intense conditions bacteria endure or the need for precise sterilization techniques in microbiological studies. It emphasizes the importance of rigorous protocols in preventing contamination and ensuring the reliability of experimental results throughout research procedures.

25) Male:
'Male' commonly references the male gender, significant in clinical studies to analyze how gender differences may affect disease susceptibility, bacterial colonization patterns, or treatment responses. Understanding how these gender-specific factors impact periodontal disease can advance personalized healthcare approaches.

Other Science Concepts:

[back to top]

Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and periodontal status�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Informed consent, Ethical Clearance, Polymerase chain reaction, Cross-sectional study, Chi square test, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Chronic periodontitis, Gram negative, Clinical attachment loss, Localized aggressive periodontitis, Leukotoxin, Aggressive periodontitis, Biofilm, Serotype, Longitudinal cohort study, Subgingival plaque sample.

Let's grow together!

I humbly request your help to keep doing what I do best: provide the world with unbiased sources, definitions and images. Your donation direclty influences the quality and quantity of knowledge, wisdom and spiritual insight the world is exposed to.

Let's make the world a better place together!

Like what you read? Help to become even better: