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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淎yurvedic treatment for PCOS obesity: a case study on Trishnyadiloham.鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Laghu:
In Ayurveda, 'Laghu' refers to lightness, a quality important for balancing Kapha and cleansing the body's systems. Several ingredients in Trishnyadi-Loham are described as 'Laghu', which assists in reducing fat and aiding digestion, crucial for addressing symptoms of PCOS.

2) Ushna (Usna):
'Ushna' means 'hot' and indicates a substance's heating potency. Many components in Trishnyadi-Loham, including Shunthi and Marich, possess 'Ushna virya' which helps in reducing Kapha dosha, enhancing metabolism, and tackling obesity-related issues prevalent in PCOS patients.

3) Ruksha (Ruksa):
The term 'Ruksha' refers to dryness. It is a characteristic of certain Ayurvedic drugs which helps in decreasing Kapha (moisture) and Meda (fat), crucial in managing conditions like obesity and PCOS. Ingredients such as Chavya and Chitrakmula in Trishnyadi-Loham are described as 'Ruksha'.

4) Katu:
'Katu' describes a pungent taste in Ayurveda, associated with stimulating digestion and metabolism. Ingredients like Pippali and Marich in Trishnyadi-Loham are noted to have 'Katu' rasa, aiding in the reduction of fat and addressing Kapha imbalances in PCOS.

5) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine originating in India, emphasizing balance among the body's doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) through diet, lifestyle, and herbal treatments. The study utilizes Ayurvedic principles to manage PCOS symptoms through Trishnyadi-Loham.

6) Diet:
Diet plays a crucial role in Ayurvedic treatment for PCOS, particularly the reduction of fatty, oily, and sugary foods. The incorporation of a balanced diet with specific guidelines is a part of the treatment along with Trishnyadi-Loham to manage symptoms effectively.

7) Dhatu:
In Ayurveda, 'Dhatu' refers to the bodily tissues. Proper formation and balance of Dhatus are essential for health. Any disturbance, especially in Rasadhatu, can affect the menstrual cycle. Trishnyadi-Loham aims to restore the balance of Dhatus to treat PCOS.

8) Drug:
The term 'drug' in this context refers to Ayurvedic medicinal formulations like Trishnyadi-Loham that are composed of natural ingredients. This drug is used to tackle issues like obesity and irregular menses in PCOS patients, aiming for holistic health improvements.

9) Kalpa:
'Kalpa' in Ayurveda refers to a prescribed preparation or formula. Trishnyadi-Loham is a 'Kalpa' intended for treating Medoroga (obesity-related disorders) and PCOS by using a specific blend of ingredients that target Kapha reduction and metabolic improvement.

10) Food:
In the context of Ayurveda, food is medicine. Emphasis is placed on consuming specific foods that align with treatment goals, such as avoiding Kapha-increasing foods like oily and sugary items in the management of PCOS. Trishnyadi-Loham is taken before food.

11) Snigdha:
The term 'Snigdha' denotes an unctuous or moist quality. While reducing 'Snigdha' might be necessary in PCOS patients to balance their Kapha dosha, some components of Ayurvedic medicines counterbalance to ensure overall equilibrium in doshas.

12) Tikshna (Tiksna):
'Tikshna' translates to sharp or penetrating quality. Ingredients with 'Tikshna' properties, like Chavya in Trishnyadi-Loham, enhance digestion and metabolism, which is vital for reducing Kapha and managing weight in PCOS patients.

13) Rasa (Rasha):
'Rasa' in Ayurveda is the taste or essential essence of a substance, crucial for its therapeutic effects. Various 'Rasas' like 'Katu' (pungent) in Pippali and Shunthi play roles in reducing Kapha and treating symptoms associated with PCOS.

14) Rasadhatu (Rasa-dhatu):
[see source text or glossary: Rasa-dhatu]

15) Haritaki:
Haritaki, known scientifically as Terminalia chebula, is one of the ingredients in Trishnyadi-Loham. It is valued for its 'Tridoshhar' (balancing all three doshas) properties and aids in weight management and improving digestion, important for treating PCOS.

16) Ghasmara:
'Ghasmara' refers to excessive eating, a habit linked with the vitiation of Kapha and Meda (fat tissues) in Ayurveda. This habit contributes to obesity and PCOS, emphasizing the need for dietary discipline in managing these conditions effectively.

17) Sukshma (Suksma, Shukshma):
'Sukshma' means subtle or fine. Ayurveda often describes certain processes or actions as 'Sukshma', indicating their deep or penetrating effects. Subtle actions of Ayurvedic preparations like Trishnyadi-Loham can influence the body's deeper tissues and metabolic processes, crucial for addressing PCOS.

18) Amalaki:
Amalaki is Emblica officinalis, one of the components of Trishnyadi-Loham. It is known for its 'Rasayanam' (rejuvenating) properties, serving to balance all three doshas and support the immune system, which is essential in the holistic management of PCOS.

19) Pippali (Pippalin):
Pippali, or Piper longum, is an herb used in Trishnyadi-Loham known for its 'Katu' rasa and 'Ushna' virya. It helps stimulate metabolism and digestion, thereby aiding in the reduction of weight and management of metabolic markers in PCOS.

20) Shunthi (Sunthi, Sumthi, Shumthi):
Shunthi, or dried ginger, is included in Trishnyadi-Loham. Known for its 'Katu' rasa and 'Ushna' virya, it aids in digestion and reducing Kapha, making it effective in managing symptoms of PCOS such as obesity and metabolic disturbances.

21) Sandhi (Shandhi, Samdhi):
[see source text or glossary: Shandhi]

22) Allergy:
'Allergy' in the patient's history is considered to avoid adverse reactions to treatments. In this study, no drug allergies were reported, indicating the safety profile of Trishnyadi-Loham in the patient.

23) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
[see source text or glossary: Tantra]

24) Dravya:
'Dravya' refers to substances or ingredients. Trishnyadi-Loham consists of various 'Kapha nashak dravyas' like Shunthi, Marich, and others, which collectively aim to treat obesity and restore menstrual regularity in PCOS patients.

25) Ghrita (Ghrta):
'Ghrita' stands for clarified butter or ghee used in Ayurveda for its nourishing properties. In this study, Trishnyadi-Loham is administered with 'Ghrita' and honey, believed to enhance the medicine's efficacy in PCOS management.

26) Sthula:
'Sthula' means obese or thick. In Ayurveda, managing 'Sthula' individuals with PCOS involves the use of weight-reducing herbs and dietary modifications. Trishnyadi-Loham, a combination of such herbs, helps address obesity-related complications.

27) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
'Vyadhi' means disease or disorder. Ayurvedic treatments like Trishnyadi-Loham target 'Santarpanjanya vyadhi' (nutritional disorders) like PCOS by reducing fat, detoxifying the body, and balancing hormones.

28) Kapha:
'Kapha' is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, associated with earth and water elements. Excess Kapha leads to conditions like obesity and metabolic dysfunctions. Trishnyadi-Loham contains 'Kapha nashak dravyas' to manage these imbalances and treat PCOS.

29) Ganda (Gamda):
[see source text or glossary: Ganda]

30) Maci:
In the context of Ayurveda, 'Maasi' refers to monthly or menstruation cycles. The regularity of 'Maasi' is critical in diagnosing and treating conditions like PCOS. Trishnyadi-Loham aims to restore normal 'Maasi' for better reproductive health.

31) Hetu:
'Hetu' means cause or factor. In Ayurveda, identifying 'Hetus' (causes) like unhealthy lifestyle, poor diet, and lack of exercise is vital for treating diseases like PCOS. The study outlines these 'Hetus' and utilizes Trishnyadi-Loham to address them.

32) Inci (Imci):
The term 'Inch' refers to a measure of length. In the context, 'inch loss' measures the patient's reduction in body circumference, an indicator of effective weight loss during the treatment of PCOS using Trishnyadi-Loham.

33) Emblica officinalis:
Emblica officinalis, or Amalaki, is a key ingredient in Trishnyadi-Loham known for its rejuvenating properties. It assists in balancing the doshas and supports immune health, contributing to the overall treatment of PCOS.

34) Terminalia chebula:
Terminalia chebula, known as Haritaki, is included in Trishnyadi-Loham. It is renowned for its 'Tridoshhar' properties, which help balance the three doshas and support metabolic health, essential for managing PCOS.

35) Genetic disorder:
In Ayurveda, the term 'Beejdushti' parallels 'Genetic disorder'. Understanding genetic predispositions aids in tailoring treatments for complex conditions like PCOS, though this aspect is not the core focus of Trishnyadi-Loham use.

36) Piper longum:
Piper longum, or Pippali, is an essential herb in Trishnyadi-Loham. Its 'Katu' rasa and 'Ushna' virya qualities stimulate digestive fire, reduce Kapha, and aid weight management, essential for the treatment of PCOS.

37) Plumbago zeylanica:
Plumbago zeylanica, or Chitrakmula, included in Trishnyadi-Loham, is known for its 'Tikshana' properties that aid in digestion and Kapha reduction, making it beneficial in managing weight and metabolic dysfunctions in PCOS.

38) Kaphadosha (Kaphadosa, Kapha-dosha):
Kaphadosha is one of the three fundamental bodily humors in Ayurveda, associated with mucous and fluids. Excess Kapha leads to issues like obesity, which is commonly found in PCOS. Trishnyadi-Loham targets the reduction of Kaphadosha to manage PCOS.

39) Discussion:
The 'Discussion' section reflects on the effectiveness of holistic treatments like Trishnyadi-Loham. It highlights the challenges and solutions in managing PCOS, combining diet, exercise, and specific Ayurvedic medications as the study outlines.

40) Striroga (Stri-roga):
'Stri-roga' refers to gynecological disorders. The department specialized in Stri-roga, particularly at Y.M.T Ayurveda Medical College, focuses on treating women's health issues such as PCOS using Ayurvedic approaches like the administration of Trishnyadi-Loham.

41) Vitiation (Vitiated):
'Vitiation' describes the imbalance or disturbance of doshas. Managing this vitiation through lifestyle changes and medications like Trishnyadi-Loham is crucial for restoring health in conditions like PCOS.

42) Upadhatu:
In Ayurveda, 'Upadhatu' refers to secondary tissues produced from the primary Dhatus. 'Rajah' (menstrual blood) is an Upadhatu of Rasadhatu. Trishnyadi-Loham aims to balance Dhatus to ensure regular menstruation and overall reproductive health.

43) Medoroga (Medas-roga):
'Medoroga' is a condition characterized by excessive fat or obesity, a primary concern in PCOS. Trishnyadi-Loham is described in 'Yogratnakar' under Medorog chikitsa, targeting fat reduction and associated metabolic issues.

44) Medicine:
Ayurvedic 'medicine' like Trishnyadi-Loham offers a natural approach to treating PCOS by addressing underlying causes and symptoms through a combination of herbs known for their specific properties.

45) Lekhana:
'Lekhana' refers to scraping or reducing, often used in the context of eliminating excess fat or Kapha. Trishnyadi-Loham has 'Lekhana' properties, making it effective in managing obesity and PCOS.

46) Anushna (Anusna):
The term 'Anushna' refers to substances that are neither too hot nor too cold. Pippali's Anushna-Sheeta properties help balance Kapha in PCOS without overpowering the body's metabolic fire.

47) Prasuti:
[see source text or glossary: Prasuti]

48) Kalpana:
'Kalpana' in Ayurveda denotes preparations or formulations. Trishnyadi-Loham is a specific 'Kalpa' used for treating Medoroga and PCOS, tailored to the condition's unique requirements like reducing Kapha and Meda.

49) Apathya:
'Apathya' refers to detrimental dietary practices or foods to be avoided. In managing PCOS, avoiding 'Apathya' such as oily, fatty, and sugary foods is crucial for effective treatment alongside Trishnyadi-Loham.

50) Lomasha (Lomasa):
'Lomasha' means having hair. In PCOS, women might experience hirsutism, upper lip and maxillary areas. Trishnyadi-Loham helps manage this symptom by reducing androgen imbalance.

51) Disease:
'Disease' translates to 'Vyadhi' in Ayurveda. PCOS is considered a 'Santarpanjanya vyadhi' (nutritional disorder) which requires balancing doshas and dietary management, often facilitated by Trishnyadi-Loham.

52) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to purified ash used in Ayurvedic medicine. 'Loha Bhasma' is an ingredient in Trishnyadi-Loham known for its potency in treating metabolic disorders like PCOS.

53) Pathya:
'Pathya' means beneficial foods or practices. For the management of PCOS, adherence to 'Pathya' such as appropriate diet and exercise is advocated along with the use of Trishnyadi-Loham.

54) Family:
In Ayurvedic case studies, 'Family history' is important for understanding genetic predispositions to conditions like PCOS, although this particular case did not reveal relevant family medical history.

55) Cancer:
[see source text or glossary: Cancer]

56) Thirst:
[see source text or glossary: Thirst]

57) Dosha (Dosa):
'Dosha' are the fundamental bio-elements in Ayurveda (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) whose balance is vital for health. PCOS primarily involves Kapha dosha imbalance, which Trishnyadi-Loham aims to correct.

58) Pitta:
'Pitta' is one of the three doshas associated with fire. An imbalance in Pitta along with Vata and Kapha can contribute to metabolic disorders like PCOS, though the primary focus here is on Kapha.

59) Madhu:
'Madhu' means honey, used as an 'Anupan' (vehicle) for administering Trishnyadi-Loham, enhancing the medicine's efficacy and aiding in the treatment of PCOS.

60) Tikta:
'Tikta' refers to the bitter taste in Ayurveda, which helps balance Kapha and Pitta. In Trishnyadi-Loham, the inclusion of Tikta dravyas aids in reducing metabolic dysfunctions associated with PCOS.

61) Virya:
'Virya' signifies the potency or therapeutic strength of a substance in Ayurveda. Ushna 'Virya' herbs in Trishnyadi-Loham help stimulate metabolism, crucial for managing PCOS.

62) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush]

63) Sugar:
'Sugar' refers to dietary sugar, which should be reduced in PCOS management. The study advises patients to limit sugar intake as part of the holistic treatment plan including Trishnyadi-Loham.

64) Mash (Mas):
'Maash' is a unit of measurement in Ayurveda, often used to describe dosages. In this study, Trishnyadi-Loham is prescribed at a dosage of 1 'Maash', approximately 960 mg, taken twice daily for effective results.

65) Roga:
'Roga' translates to disease in Ayurveda. PCOS, considered a 'Medoroga' due to its association with obesity, is treated through 'Kaphanashak chikitsa' using formulations like Trishnyadi-Loham.

66) Loha:
'Loha' refers to iron. 'Loha Bhasma' is included in Trishnyadi-Loham for its potent effects on metabolism and fat reduction, crucial for managing obesity and menstrual irregularities in PCOS.

67) Vati:
'Vati' in Ayurveda is a tablet or pill form of medicine. Trishnyadi-Loham is prepared as a 'Vati' given for the treatment of PCOS to ensure proper dosage and efficacy.

68) Vata:
'Vata' is one of the three doshas, representing air and ether. While PCOS primarily involves Kapha, balancing Vata along with Pitta and Kapha is necessary for comprehensive treatment.

69) Guna:
'Guna' refers to the qualities of Dravyas in Ayurveda. Ingredients in Trishnyadi-Loham possess beneficial 'Gunas' like Laghu, Ruksha, and Ushna which collectively help in managing PCOS.

70) Aha (Ahan, Ahar):
'Ahar' means food or diet. Appropriate Ahar is crucial in managing PCOS alongside Trishnyadi-Loham to ensure symptomatic relief and overall health restoration.