Anti-microbial evaluation of Wrightia tomentosa leaf and bark extracts.
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Comparative anti 鈥� microbial evaluation studies of the extracts and isolates of leaves & bark of wrightia tomentosa
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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K. Nagarajan, Avijit Mazumder, L.K. Ghosh
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: Comparative anti 鈥� microbial evaluation studies of the extracts and isolates of leaves & bark of wrightia tomentosa
Year: 2006
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study examines the antimicrobial properties of extracts and isolates from the leaves and bark of Wrightia tomentosa, a small deciduous tree belonging to the Apocynaceae family, commonly found in warmer parts of India. With the rising concern over multi-drug resistant bacterial strains and the need for new therapeutic options, the extraction and evaluation of natural plant compounds for antimicrobial efficacy is becoming increasingly important. The research compares the antimicrobial activity of butanol and ethanol extracts, as well as seven isolated pure components, against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and the fungus Candida albicans.
Efficacy of Extracts and Isolates
The antimicrobial evaluation utilized the disc diffusion method on multiple pathogenic microbes, revealing varied inhibition potency among the extracts and isolates. Notably, the butanol bark extract (BBF 29) exhibited the most significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Klebsiella aerogenes, which displayed a zone of inhibition of 28 mm, slightly below the standard antibiotic Ciprofloxacin at 35 mm. The pure component of the leaf extract, BLF 29*, also showed promising results against Gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus fecalis, both achieving inhibition zones of 22 mm. The study highlighted the presence of active constituents such as alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids in these extracts, suggesting that these compounds contribute to their antimicrobial effects.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the research reinforces the potential of Wrightia tomentosa extracts as a source of bioactive compounds with significant antimicrobial activity. The effective inhibition of various pathogenic microbes, especially in the butanol extracts, demonstrates the promise of utilizing plant-derived remedies in combating antibiotic-resistant strains. This study adds to the growing body of evidence advocating for the investigation of natural products in the search for new antimicrobial agents, underscoring the necessity for continued research in this domain.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What extracts of Wrightia tomentosa were evaluated for antimicrobial activity?
Both Butanol and Ethanol extracts from the leaves and bark of Wrightia tomentosa were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against various pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.
What method was used to assess antimicrobial activity?
The disc diffusion method was employed to evaluate antimicrobial activity, measuring the zones of inhibition against specific microbial strains.
What were the most effective isolates found in the study?
The butanol bark extract isolate (BBF 29) and the butanol leaf extract isolate (BLF 29*) exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains, outperforming the ethanol extracts.
What is the significance of discovering new antimicrobial agents?
With the rising prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria, discovering new antimicrobial agents from plants like Wrightia tomentosa may provide alternative therapeutic options for treating infections.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淎nti-microbial evaluation of Wrightia tomentosa leaf and bark extracts.鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the ability of the extracts and isolates from Wrightia tomentosa to inhibit microbial growth, as shown in the study. The antimicrobial activity is assessed by measuring the zones of inhibition against various pathogens, showcasing the potential of the plant extracts as effective antimicrobial agents due to their bioactive compounds.
2) Science (Scientific):
Science in this context refers to the systematic study and exploration of the antimicrobial properties of Wrightia tomentosa. The research incorporates methods such as phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial assays, reflecting a scientific approach to understanding the efficacy of natural compounds in combating infections and resistant strains of bacteria.
3) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical pertains to the bioactive compounds identified in the leaves and bark of Wrightia tomentosa, which are crucial for their medicinal properties. The study evaluates the presence of various phytochemicals like alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids, which contribute to the antimicrobial activity observed in the extracts, indicating their therapeutic potential.
4) Drug:
Drug refers to any substance used for treatment or prevention of disease. In this study, the extracts of Wrightia tomentosa are investigated as potential alternative drugs in combating infections, particularly in the context of increasing antibiotic resistance, exemplifying the significance of exploring medicinal plants for new therapeutic agents.
5) Water:
Water is a solvent but is not used in this specific study's extraction processes. However, it highlights the necessity of understanding solvent properties in phytochemical extractions, as different solvents can effectively extract diverse compounds from plant materials. It serves as a reminder of the complexity involved in identifying active ingredients.
6) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotic refers to substances that kill or inhibit bacteria. The study highlights the need for discovering new antibiotics from plants like Wrightia tomentosa due to the alarming increase in antibiotic-resistant strains. The investigation evaluates plant extracts as possible candidates for new antibacterial therapies in medical applications.
7) Discussion:
Discussion entails the examination and interpretation of results obtained from the study. This section analyzes the efficacy of the extracts, compares findings with standard drugs, and elaborates on the significance of active phytochemicals. It is crucial for understanding implications, potential applications, and directions for future research on Wrightia tomentosa.
8) Himalaya (Him膩laya, Hima-alaya):
Himalaya denotes the geographical region from where Wrightia tomentosa can be found. This ecological context is essential as it influences the plant's phytochemical composition. Regional biodiversity enriches medicinal plants' potential, suggesting that endemic plants could possess unique therapeutic properties, underscoring the relevance of regional flora in drug discovery.
9) Scorpion:
Scorpion refers to the potential traditional medicinal use of Wrightia tomentosa in treating ailments such as scorpion stings. This highlights the plant鈥檚 historical and cultural significance in indigenous medicine, advocating the importance of ethnobotanical knowledge in modern pharmacological research and the discovery of new therapeutic compounds for treatment.
10) Insect:
Insect relates to the defense mechanisms of plants like Wrightia tomentosa, which may produce antimicrobial compounds to deter insect herbivores. Understanding these interactions aids in comprehending the ecological role of plants and suggests the potential for isolating unique bioactive compounds beneficial in pharmaceutical applications against various pathogens.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: 鈥�Anti-microbial evaluation of Wrightia tomentosa leaf and bark extracts.鈥�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Medicinal plant, Flavonoid, Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial activity, Disc diffusion method, Zone of inhibition, Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, Ethanol extract, Active constituent, Alkaloid, Ciprofloxacin, Pharmaceutical science, Terpenoid, Antifungal screening, Clotrimazole, Butanol extract, Zone of inhibition diameter.