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(5) DAILY AND OCCASIONAL PERSONAL RELIGIOUS ROUTINE OF BRAHMANICAL WORSHIPPERS鈥擳hough Jainism does not admit of anybody lesser than a Tirthankara, as the gods are regarded by the Jains as 68 mere instruments for working out the fruits of the Karma, Dhanapala, an erstwhile Brahmin as he was and a poet too covering various aspects of religious canvas, he has reof the corded a few/details of Brahmanical way of the fanidy personal religious life. Thus, he has specifically mentioned 63. TM(N),p.269(4ff.). 64. cf. ibid., p. 288 (12ff.) -- jina pratima samalambhanavasistam - haricandanam-- 1 p.288(12ff.)--Tafe 65. ibid, p. 416 (711) vidyutapusyadhupan garaga para vasa parala kena ... anugamyamana parijanena krtabhiseka mabhyarcya paramaya bhaktya paramagurum| 555154455325-22f -- 66. ibid.,p.41 (7) sthanasthana pujyamanakhinna siddhayatana devata pratima -- 1 67. cf.ibid., p.413(2ff.) kirti nama karma--- 1 68. HJ, Chap.XIV,p.268. pravartita bhirahe dvimbapujabhibhrsavarjitayasah -

611 70. 69 71 that the daily worship of the family-deity was obligatory. That is why he has depicted the Vidyadhjara Muni as urging King Meghavahana to give up the idea of retiring to a forest and instead advising him to undertake the propitia- 路 tion of his regal family-deity Sri, the Goddess-of-Prosperity who was naturally predisposed to him worshipped as she was for a long time by the king's forefathers. Even so were all the precious divine jewels like Cintamani and others stored in the royal treasury to be adored daily. The daily worship generally consisted of taking bath, Japa of the Mantra of the favourite deity or of Holy Gayatri, offering household Vaisvadeva sacrifice and 72 Bali in the form of food as well as a lamp. Performance of Sandhya, offering of oblations to the deities of the 73 pricipal directions are also mentioned. The performance of specified procedural worship (Anusthana) was calculated to promote fame in this life and happiness beyond. 74 Again, 69. TM(N),p.282(15) 70. ibid.,p.30(9ff.); sthanasthana pujya mana khinna siddhayatana devata pratima gogadevata samrvakalame vo pa samniya - g imameva prakrti saumyam satatasam nihilamupa rukha sakalaksitipala kula devatam rajalaksmi m iyam hadi ya ku kula bharata bhagirathadi bhupala parakrama ki ta tvada nvaya nisargapaksa patini - 1 ratnanam 71.cf. ibid., P. 63 (13) pratidivasamarca giya jo cintamani prabhrtina pradhana- - - ; 63 (20) -aradhyamana cintamana ganam --- 1 ; gayatripadana - -- 72.cf. ibid., p.33(2) mantrajapavidhi - 34 (12) -- nirvacita snanajapavidhi- 1 anakana - 1; 257 (11) - krtasnana dattadina kararghanjali jayanti pavitrani - .. - -1 ;324(9) - 32 devata namavarnan jayadbhih ...; 48(13ff.) balipradiya ;67(2388.) - vayasakula valokita balisu - 1 68 (1) -- ch yamanesu vaisvadevan lesu-- 1 73. (P.T.O.) 0-

612 there are references to bathing thrice a day, offering of garlands to the Sun-god as Argha, and to Devata-nirmalya 75 76 also. Similarly, there are numerous references to the 77, mid-day worship and to the evening worship. The recital of the Vedic portion utilized for sacrificial procedure was most probably a daily routine for upholding the respective Vedic tradition. 78 Among the typically Brahmanical accessaries to worship, Dhanapala has mentioned Kamandalu, the sacred thread and the rosary of beads. 79 Certain types of worships were voluntary or were to be performed on particular auspicious days or occasioally, such as Pradosa-krtya, Tarpana, Rana Panca-tapah-sadhana and Saptatantu sacrifice. 80 The sacrificial fire was enkindled by means of a pair of logs called Arani and Mantha 75. TM(N),p.35(11); 24(15); 53(7). - 76. ibid.,p.33(17) THE F Far madhdhanika kriyakaranaya --- 1 77. ibid., p.32(3)-- sayamtanavidhaya jantavyamadhuna gaya + ; 199(9ff.); 257(5)- ; 199(12) ; 15(13)--- ; 45(15拢拢.)-- sayamtani 4743f ; 72 (18) --- sayamtana svastyayana karma krtasamdhyavasyakah ;.350(5) sadhyakrtya 1 2712272554 78.cf. ibid., p.20 (17)--32214141. dvijatikriyanam sakhoddharanam----- - V 79. ibid.,p.257(9); 256(20); 24(4); 24(5). 80. ibid.,p.352(8ff.); 263(3); 13(12).

613 respectively'鈥� ' 81 Special sacrifices were enjoined for secu- 82. ring progeny; "but such interested performances were believed to have been beset with fregnant obstacles. 83 Among the few typically Brahmanical religious customs, the poet has referred to the following: ( 1 ) donations of cows along with calves, of profuse gold and clothings 84 to pious learned unsolicitous Brahmins; 04 (ii) grants of land to the Brahmins on the occasion of solar eclipse for 85 maintenance of, and worship at, the temples; and (iii) 86 expecting blessings from the Brahmins.