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Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

by Helen M. Johnson | 1931 | 742,503 words

This page describes Bharata’s return to Ayodhya which is the sixteenth part of chapter IV of the English translation of the Adisvara-caritra, contained within the “Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra�: a massive Jain narrative relgious text composed by Hemacandra in the 12th century. Adisvara (or Rishabha) in jainism is the first Tirthankara (Jina) and one of the 63 illustrious beings or worthy persons.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

Part 16: Bharata’s return to ǻ

One day, when all of Bharata had been conquered by the Lord of Bharata, the cakra set out in the sky toward ǻ. After Bharata had bathed; had performed the oblation-ceremony; wearing a fine costume, had made the propitiatory rite of the tilaka and auspicious things; mounted on the shoulder of the best elephant like the king of the gods; his treasury filled by the nine treasures as if by wishing-trees; constantly attended by the fourteen jewels, like fruit of each of the dreams of Sumaṅgalā; accompanied by thirty-two thousand women of the harem, daughters of kings married in turn, like family Śrīs; adorned by the same number of fair women of the people like exceedingly beautiful Apsarases; glorified by thirty-two thousand kings like footmen; made splendid like Mt. Vindhya by eighty-four lacs of elephants; and by the same number of horses and chariots as if summoned from all sides; surrounded by ninety-six crores of soldiers, who concealed the earth; sixty thousand years having passed from the day of the first march, he set out following the cakra.

Making even the Khecaras as dusty from contact with the flood of dust raised by the soldiers as if they had rolled on the ground; terrifying the Vyantaras and Bhavanapatis living within the earth by making them fear that the earth would split from the weight of the soldiers; accepting fresh butter, that was like a priceless object because of devotion, at every cow-pen from the milkmaids with wide-open eyes; taking from the Kirātas in every forest gifts, such as pearls that had originated from elephants� temples;[1] accepting many times the contents of jewel and gold mines brought to him by the mountain-lords at every mountain; treating graciously at every village the eager village-elders like relatives by accepting some gifts and not accepting others; keeping the soldiers, who were streaming forth in all directions, from the villages just like cows from fields by the severe staff of his command; looking at the village-children, who had climbed on trees like monkeys, gazing with delight, as a father looks at his children; seeing the prosperity of the villages evidenced by grain, money, and live-stock which never suffered from calamities, the fruit of the creeper of his own government; turning the rivers into mud and drying up the pools, making the tanks and wells like openings of ; proceeding very slowly with pleasure to the people like the wind from Malaya, the King, punisher of disrespectful enemies, arrived at Vinītā.

Not far away from Vinītā, the King placed his camp like Vinītā’s brother that had become a guest. Concentrating his mind on the capital, the crest-jewel of kings made a four days� fast which provides certain freedom from calamity. Leaving the pauṣadha-house at the end of the four days� fast, together with the kings the King broke his fast with a divine meal. Arches were set up in ǻ at every step, like tall play-swings of Śrīs who had come from foreign countries. The citizens sprinkled every road with saffron-water, like the gods with perfumed water at the Jina’s birth. The townspeople erected platforms with golden pillars like the treasures multiplied and come forward. The platforms shone on both sides of the road facing each other, like the Svarṇa mountains around the five lakes in the Kurus. On each platform were festoons—receptacles of jewels, surpassing the beauty of a row of rainbows. With musical instruments, lutes, drums, etc., singers stood on the platforms like troops of Gandharvas in the heavenly palaces. Pearl-wreaths, hanging from the platform-canopies as if on dwelling-houses of Śrī, made the sky blossom with their beauty. The people made the bazaar splendid with chauris like the laughter of the city-goddess delighted, with pictures like ornaments of the sky, with golden mirrors like stars that had come from curiosity, with choice cloths like handkerchiefs of the Khecaras, with wreaths of various jewels like girdles of Śrīs on pillars that had been erected. Rows of tinkling bells and banners were put up, giving the appearance of the autumn-season with cranes with sweet cries. Every day at every house the people made pearl-svastikas in the courtyards smeared with ⲹṣa첹岹 ointment and cow-dung. At every step there were incense-jars filled with aloe-powder, their smoke going high enough to perfume even the sky surely.

Eager to enter the city, at an auspicious moment, the Cakrin, an Indra on earth, mounted the elephant roaring like a cloud. Beautifying the sky with only one umbrella white as camphor-powder, like the moon-ornament; attended by Ҳṅg and Sindhu, as it were, who had approached, contracting their bodies from devotion, in the guise of chauris; adorned with white clothes, fine, soft, firm, as if made by some one who had peeled the essence of the slabs of Mt. ṭi첹; his whole body covered with various jeweled ornaments, as if the ground of Earth had given her own essence from affection; escorted by kings crowned with jeweled diadems, like the -king by 岵kumāras having their hood-jewels; his wonderful virtues celebrated by delighted bards with cries of “Hail! Hail!� like Sutrāman by celestial singers; with auspicious sounds made frequently by heaven and earth in the guise of an echo of the sounds of auspicious musical instruments; a Biḍaujas in splendor, like a store-house of strength, urging on the elephant a little by spurring with his feet, the King set out.

The people came from the villages, etc., to see the King who had come after a long time, as if he had descended from the sky, as if he had risen from the earth. The entire army of the King and the people became mixed. All the people appeared to be made into one ball in one place. There was so little space between the armies and people who had come that, if a sesame seed were dropped, it did not fall to the ground. Being praised by some, as if by bards excited from joy; fanned by some with the ends of their garments waving like chauris; worshipped like the sun by some with folded hands on their foreheads; fruit and flowers being delivered by some like gardeners; bowed to by some like their family-deity; with blessings bestowed by some like elders of the gotra, the King entered the four-gated city by the east gate, like the son of the samavasaraṇa.

Then there were concerts on all the platforms, just like the simultaneous sounds of musical instruments at an auspicious time. Delighted women of the city standing in shops on the main street threw parched rice, as well as glances, as the King advanced. Entirely covered with wreaths of flowers thrown by men of the city, the elephant of the elephant of kings resembled a pleasure-chariot. Very slowly, the King advanced on the king’s highway, accompanied by the keen eagerness of the eager people. Disregarding fear of the elephant, coming near, the townsmen gave fruit, etc., to the King. Joy is surely very powerful. Striking the protuberance with the goad-handle, the King stopped the elephant in front of every pair of platforms. High-born young women in front of the pairs of platforms simultaneously waved burning camphor before the Cakravartin. Then the King, with a swinging, blazing light-vessel on both sides, had the beauty of Mt. Meru with the sun and moon on both sides. lifting up the dishes filled with pearls like unhusked rice, he embraced with a glance, as it were, the merchants in front of the shops. The King accepted auspicious gifts from the high-born young women standing in the doors in the palaces situated on the highway, as if they were his sisters. The King, his hand raised in the gesture bestowing fearlessness, protected the people, who had come near from a desire to see him like attendants, from the staff-bearers.

The King arrived at the seven-storied ancestral palace, very charming with elephants set up on both sides of the courtyard like tall pleasure-peaks of the King’s ṣmī; resplendent with a door very beautiful with golden pitchers on both sides, like a broad stream with two cakravākas; adorned by a very beautiful festoon entirely of mango leaves, like a sapphire necklace; auspicious with svastikas sometimes made of quantities of pearl beads, sometimes from camphor-dust, sometimes from moonstone; having rows of pennants, some of China silk, some of fine cotton cloth, some of devaduṣya-cloth; its courtyard sprinkled in some places with camphor-water, in some places by juices distilled from flowers, and in other places by the ichor of elephants; with a sun at rest, as it were, in the guise of a golden finial Setting foot on the covered platform in the front courtyard, the King descended from the elephant, supported by the door-keeper. Like an 峦ⲹ, he made a ū to his sixteen thousand guardian-divinities, and dismissed them. Likewise he dismissed the thirty-two thousand kings, the general, the priest, the steward, and the carpenter. The King sent the three hundred and sixty-three cooks to their respective homes by a glance, like elephants to a hitching-post. He dismissed the merchants, guardians of the fortresses of the eighteen guilds and the sub-guilds, and the leaders of caravans, like guests at the end of a festival.

Accompanied by the woman-jewel, ܲ󲹻, like Śakra by śacī, and by thirty-two thousand queens of royal birth, surrounded by as many daughters of leaders of the people, and by as many dramatic companies each with thirty-two actors, the King entered the palace which presented a festival to the eyes with its rows of jeweled slabs, like the ۲ṣa-king (Kubera) entering . The King sat facing the east on the lion-throne for a moment, conversing a little, and then went to the bath-house. After bathing with his retinue like an elephant in a pool, the King ate delicious food. He passed some time by plays showing the nine emotions[2] and charming concerts, like a Yogi by mental exercises.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

One of the 8 sources of pearls: clouds, elephants, fish, serpents, bamboos, conch-shells, boars, and oyster-shells. Sch. on Kir. XII, 40 (MW).

[2]:

See MW sub rasa. Vātsalya is omitted when 9 are counted.

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