365bet娱乐

The science of Yoga has its roots in 鲍辫补苍颈峁�a诲补蝉, Vedas, 叠丑补驳补惫补诲驳墨迟腻, 驰辞驳补惫补艣颈峁ａ弓丑补 of 痴补艣颈峁ａ弓丑补, 贬补峁环补测辞驳补辫谤补诲颈辫颈办腻 and the 驰辞驳补蝉奴迟谤补 of 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈, which dates back roughly to 300 B.C. 惭补丑补谤峁�i 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈鈥檚 驰辞驳补诲补谤艣补苍补 is one of the six 顿补谤艣补苍补蝉 six systems of Indian philosophy. It occupies an eminent place amongst the ancient scripture on Yoga. The 驰辞驳补蝉奴迟谤补 serve as the basic text for an in-depth study on this great science. 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈 called it 补峁ａ弓腻峁単补测辞驳补 i.e. science having eight limbs or constituents. The 补峁ａ弓腻峁単补测辞驳补 as its name implies, has eight (补峁ａ弓补蝉) parts or limbs.

According to 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈 驰辞驳补诲补谤艣补苍补^[1] the eight aids or parts of yoga 补谤别:鈥�

1. Yama (abstinences);
2. Niyama (Observances);
3. 膧蝉补苍补 (Postures);
4. 笔谤腻峁嚹乱腻尘补 (breath control);
5. 笔谤补迟测腻丑腻谤补 (withdrawal of senses);
6. 顿丑腻谤补峁嚹� (fixed attention);
7. 顿丑测腻苍补 (meditation);
8. 厂补尘腻诲丑颈 (contemplation);

Likewise the 惭补峁囜笉补濒补产谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, 厂腻峁囜笉颈濒测补, 罢谤颈艣颈办丑颈产谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, Yogatatva and Var膩ha 鲍辫补苍颈峁�a诲蝉 also say that there are eight parts of this Yoga. But there are some 鲍辫补苍颈峁�a诲蝉 say about the parts of Yoga are different.

惭补丑补谤峁�i 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈 clarifies as to what this eight part Yoga is intended to achieve.

鈥淭he eight part practice of Yoga first leads to total elimination of impurities. This state, in turn, leads to the illuminating of the (lamp of) knowledge until one reaches the ultimate state of self-realisation鈥�.

The Ghera峁囜笉a Sa峁僪it膩 observes:

The human body sooner or later undergoes decay like a pitcher made of unbaked clay when immersed in water. The body should be purified (firmed up) by means of the fire of Yoga.^[2]

For the sake of convenience in treatment and understanding, these eight constituents of classical Yoga may be divided into the following three heads:

A. 础诲丑颈办腻谤颈 Yoga (The yog墨c way of life), made up of yamas and niyamas.
B. 叠补丑颈谤补峁単补 Yoga (The external yog墨c practice) made up of 腻蝉补苍补 辫谤腻峁嚹乱腻尘补, and 辫谤补迟测腻丑腻谤补.
C. 础苍迟补谤补峁単补 Yoga (The internal yog墨c practice) made up of dh膩ra峁嚹�, dhy膩na and 蝉补尘腻诲丑颈.

Naturally, there is increasing complexity as one proceeds from one group to another and some progress in the first group may well be a prerequisite for any appreciable progress in the second and third. However, there is no question of trying to attain absolute perfection in one before taking up the next.

础峁ａ弓腻峁単补测辞驳补 is a technology for the development of the physical mental, intellectual and spiritual faculties in man. Yoga is a basic education which each child must have. With this basic education we can successfully take up any branch of the formal education depending upon its needs, capacities and aptitudes. The basic Yoga education will make his formal education easier and lead to a harmonized social relationship resulting in a happy and peaceful life. In fact, a combination in this type of basic Yoga education and the formal education system will lead to the twin objectives of Swami Vivekananda鈥揗an-making and Nation-building.

The third limb of 补峁ａ弓腻峁単补测辞驳补 is 腻蝉补苍补. 膧蝉补苍补s form the best systems of physical culture. Regular practice of 腻蝉补苍补s tones up the nervous system, endocrine glands blood circulation, digestion, exertion and respiration. The body becomes supple, flexible, light and full of vigour. 鈥淎 sound mind dwells in a sound body鈥�. Therefore, the practice of 腻蝉补苍补s ensures mental health too. 笔谤腻峁嚹乱腻尘补, the fourth limb is a science of channelizing the vital energy. 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈 says that by practising 辫谤腻峁嚹乱腻尘补 one developes the power of concentration and clarity of thinking. By slowing down and regulating the breath, It is not only possible to channelize the pr膩峁噄c activities, but also the mental activities the 测辞驳墨蝉 discovered that with every emotional disturbances there is a corresponding change in the breathing pattern and that by regulating the flow of breath, it is possible to overcome emotional outbreaths. We know how much energy is drained out when we are upset. One minute of intense anger, for instance, drains away vital energy equivalent to ten miles of running.

笔谤腻峁嚹乱腻尘补 is a very powerful tool in controlling the mind and sublimating mental agitations. 顿丑腻谤补峁嚹� is for the development of the intellectual faculties in man making him a fully integrated human personality.

Yoga recognizes merit and demerit as efficient causes, which bring forth and strengthen respectively the good (蝉腻迟迟惫颈办补) and the evil (迟腻尘补蝉补) qualities of the mind. As a safeguard against the evil tendencies in man, Yoga enjoins the abstinences or yamas as they are called. These are however, by no means peculiar to Yoga; they are also to be found in 痴别诲腻苍迟补 and figure prominently in the jain and Buddhist religions where they are known as right conduct (carita)or perfection) respectively. Side by side with abstinences, which inhibit evil tendencies, Yoga recommends the practice of observances or niyamas, which inculcate the pursuit of meritorious deeds. Then the novice is advised to practice posture, control of breathing and withdrawal of senses in order to achieve control over the body and the senses. Finally he has to practice meditation to destroy the impurities of the mind and contemplation to attain discriminating knowledge.

Thus there are eight yog墨c aids, abstinences, observances, postures, breathing exercises, withdrawal of senses, fixed attention, meditation and contemplation. Of these the first five are known as external aids to conscious contemplation, as they merely facilitate the mood of contemplation and aid of Yoga only indirectly. The last three are known as internal aids, as they constitute the very core of conscious contemplation and so are direct aids to Yoga. But they too are external aids in regard to super conscious contemplation which is achieved with the aid of non-attachment.

Footnotes and references:

[back to top]

[1]:

Ibid-II-29.

[2]:

鈥�Ghera峁囜笉a Sa峁僪it膩- I-8 &9.