Pratyabhijna and Shankara鈥檚 Advaita (comparative study)
by Ranjni M. | 2013 | 54,094 words
This page relates 鈥楰artrita of Shiva鈥� of study dealing with Pratyabhijna and Shankara鈥檚 Advaita. This thesis presents a comparative analysis of two non-dualistic philosophies, Pratyabhijna from Kashmir and Shankara鈥檚 Advaita Vedanta from Kerala, highlighting their socio-cultural backgrounds and philosophical similarities..
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3.2. 碍补谤迟峁泃腻 of 艢颈惫补
[Full title: Special Features of 艢颈惫补 and Brahman (2): 碍补谤迟峁泃腻 of 艢颈惫补]
The second 碍腻谤颈办腻 of 莫艣惫补谤补辫谤补迟测补产丑颈箩帽腻办腻谤颈办腻 clearly establishes the active nature of Ultimate reality. Utpala says that no sensible person can deny the existence of sentient and active 惭补丑别艣惫补谤补.[1] This active nature is nothing but 艢补办迟颈. 艢颈惫补 Himself is 艢补办迟颈 and 艢补办迟颈 Herself is 艢颈惫补. 艢颈惫补 is always united with 艢补办迟颈.[2]
This dynamic power itself is called as:
- Jn膩t峁泃va-艣akti (the power of knowledge),
- 碍补谤迟峁泃惫补-艣akti (power of action),
- 狈颈谤尘腻峁嘺-艣akti (power of creation),
- 厂惫腻迟补苍迟谤测补-艣akti (power of freedom), etc.
With this power 艢颈惫补 manifests himself as the universe. 艢颈惫补 is always vibrant with spontaneous activity. This vibrant nature is technically called as 碍谤颈测腻, Spanda or 痴颈尘补谤艣补. Utpala logically explained the oneness of 艢颈惫补 and his own active nature in the 碍谤颈测腻dhik膩ra of 滨艣惫补谤补辫谤补迟测补产丑颈箩帽腻办腻谤颈办腻. The existence of a single reality in different forms, forced by time, is action itself. So an entity, able with 艢补办迟颈 and free to transform itself, being a cause means being the agent of the action.[3]
L.N. Sarma has illustrated the different notions of this dynamic aspect. He says,
鈥淎lthough the terms like 厂惫腻迟补苍迟谤测补, 艢补办迟颈, Ahant膩, 厂辫丑耻谤补迟迟腻, 痴颈尘补谤艣补 etc. represents the dynamic aspect of the absolute; all of them do not equally emphasize the same form of dynamism. While Ahant膩 emphasizes the dynamism of integration, 厂辫丑耻谤补迟迟腻 indicates the manifestation of the unmanifest. 痴颈尘补谤艣补 expresses the determination of the indeterminate and 厂惫腻迟补苍迟谤测补 stands for the capacity to perform the impossible.鈥�[4]
Thus it is established that the dynamic power itself is the 碍补谤迟峁泃腻 (subjectivity) of 笔补谤补尘别艣惫补谤补.[5]
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
kartari j帽膩tari s惫腻tmany膩disiddhe mahe艣vare | 补箩补岣嵞乼尘腻 苍颈峁诲丑补峁� 惫腻 蝉颈诲诲丑颈峁� 惫腻 vidadh墨ta ka岣� || 莫艣惫补谤补辫谤补迟测补产丑颈箩帽腻-办腻谤颈办腻, 2.1.2.
[2]:
鈥︹��. | na 艣iva艣艣aktirahito na 艣aktirvyatireki峁嚹� || 艣iva艣艣aktastath膩 bh膩惫腻nicchay膩 kartum墨hate | 艣akti艣艣aktimatorbheda岣� 艣aive 箩腻迟耻 na var峁噛ate || 艢颈惫补d峁涐梗峁璱, 3.2-3.
[3]:
别办补蝉惫补产丑腻惫补蝉测补 bhedena 蝉迟丑颈迟颈岣� 辫补谤颈峁嚹乵补岣� k膩lakalita岣� kriyaiva, 迟补迟补岣� pari峁嚹乵e svatantrasya kart峁泃膩 hetut膩 | 莫艣惫补谤补辫谤补迟测补产丑颈箩帽腻办腻谤颈办腻-惫峁泃迟颈, 2.4.18.
[5]:
ti峁ａ弓h膩sorevamicchaiva hetut膩 kart峁泃膩 kriy膩 || 莫艣惫补谤补辫谤补迟测补产丑颈箩帽腻-办腻谤颈办腻, 2.4.21.