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The Navya-Nyaya theory of Paksata (Study)

by Kazuhiko Yamamoto | 1991 | 35,898 words

This essay studies the Navya-Nyaya theory of Paksata within Indian logic by exploring the Paksataprakarana on the Tattvacintamani of Gangesa Upadhyaya and the Didhiti of Raghunata Siromani. The term “paksa� originally meant a subject or proposition but evolved to signify a key logical term, representing the subject of an inference or the locus of i...

Text 1 (of the Paksata-prakarana on Tattvachintamani)

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For the texts of paksataprakarana on the Tattvacintamani written by Gangesa Tattvacintamani, Gadadhari, Jagadisi, Paksata-prakarana, Tattvacintamani-didhiti-prakasa, Tattvacintamani-rahasya, Tattvacintamani-prakasa with Tarkacudamani, and Kanadatippani are used. The text is decided on the basis of these editions. The classification of paragraphs is done in accordance with the arguments in the form of a dialogue. The obvious misprints or misreadings are not mentioned as not mentioned as the variant here, e. g. Tattvacintamani-prakasa with Tarkacudamani reads gramana for pramana (TEXT-6) etc. And the transcriptions are made uniform e. g. transcribed as dharma, karrya is as karya and so mentioning the variant. Parenthesis, dharmma is on without ( ) indicates the Sanskrit word and brackets, ( ) indicate additional explanation by the author.

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[PAKSATA-PURVAPAKSA]—TEXT-1: vyaptyanantaram paksadharmata nirupyate. TRANSLATION: After (explaining) pervasion, the state of being the property of subject is being explained. $9 NOTES: Gangesa says "after a pervasion... (vyaptyanantaram) but the pervasion (vyapti) section is not immediately before the subjectness (paksata) section. The condition (upadhi) section intervenes the pervasion section and the subjectness section in the Tattvacintamani. Since, the condition is a part of pervasion section, he says "after (explaining) a pervasion". The state of being the property of subject (paksadharmata) is interpreted in two ways by Kanada Tarkavagisa: (1) "whose existence is in the subject" (pakse dharmata yasyah. (Kanadatippani: 29)) and (2) " (the state of being the property) of the form of subject" (paksarupo yo dharmas tasya bhavah. (Kanadatippani: 29)). Kanada explains that "the state of being the property of subject" (paksadharmata) means subjectness (paksata) in both of them.

 

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