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The scholars classify the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 in different way. The modern scholars divide the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 into two classes, ancient and later. These divisions are based on the fivefold characteristics of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉. Those 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 which are faithful to the 辫补帽肠补濒补办峁�a峁嘺 definition are regarded as ancient and on the other hand, those which are not loyal to 辫补帽肠补濒补办峁�a峁嘺 definition are regarded as of later time.

The renowned Pur膩峁噄c scholar Dr. Harprasad Shastri divided the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 into six classes, viz.

1. Encyclopaedic 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 (骋补谤耻岣峚, Agni, 狈腻谤补诲补),
2. Those mainly deal with tirthas and vartas (Padma, Skanda, 叠丑补惫颈峁�y补),
3. Those which apparently underwent two revisions (Brahma, 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, Brahmavaivarta),
4. The historical 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 (叠谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉补 and 痴腻测耻),
5. The sectarian 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 (Linga, 痴腻尘补苍补 and 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补),
6. The old 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 revised out of existence (痴补谤腻丑补, 碍奴谤尘补 and Matsya).^[1]

Some 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 give their classification in different way. 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 themselves declare that, these are divided into three classes, viz. 蝉腻迟迟惫颈办补, 谤腻箩补蝉颈办补 and 迟腻尘补蝉颈办补 in accordance with the three 驳耻峁嘺蝉 namely satta, rajas and tamas found in the Indian philosophical system. In the 惭补迟蝉测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, it is stated that the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 glorifying Hari are styled as 蝉腻迟迟惫颈办补s, those glorifying 叠谤补丑尘腻 as 谤腻箩补蝉颈办补s and those glorifying Agni and 艢颈惫补 both as 迟腻尘补蝉颈办补s^[2].

The eighteen 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉, relating to those three 驳耻峁嘺蝉 are divided as follows^[3]

1. 厂腻迟迟惫颈办补辫耻谤腻峁嘺鈥�痴颈峁ａ箛耻, 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 狈腻谤补诲补, 骋补谤耻岣峚, Padma, 痴补谤腻丑补,
2. 搁腻箩补蝉颈办补辫耻谤腻峁嘺鈥�叠谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉补, Brahmavaivarta, 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补, Brahma, 痴腻尘补苍补, 叠丑补惫颈峁�y补,
3. 罢腻尘补蝉颈办补辫耻谤腻峁嘺鈥�Matsya, 碍奴谤尘补, 尝颈峁単补, 艢颈惫补, Agni, Skanda.

We notice some differences in the inclusion of the names of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 of these three classes in some 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉. The list of the 骋补谤耻岣峚pur膩峁嘺 is different from that of the 笔补诲尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺. The 骋补谤耻岣峚pur膩峁嘺 inserts the 惭补迟蝉测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, the 碍奴谤尘补pur膩峁嘺 and the 痴腻测耻pur膩峁嘺 in place of the 狈腻谤补诲墨测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, the 笔补诲尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 and the 痴补谤腻丑补pur膩峁嘺 in the list of 蝉腻迟迟惫颈办补pur膩峁嘺.^[4] Similarly, the 骋补谤耻岣峚pur膩峁嘺 substitutes the 尝颈峁単补pur膩峁嘺 and the 膧诲颈迟测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 in place of the 痴腻尘补苍补pur膩峁� and the 叠丑补惫颈峁�y补pur膩峁嘺.^[5] The 厂办补苍诲补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 counts ten 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 as describing the greatness of 艢颈惫补, four of 叠谤补丑尘腻 and two each of 顿别惫墨 and Hari^[6] However, these division of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 according to the deities like 痴颈峁ａ箛耻, 艢颈惫补 etc. seems not to be appropriate. Because it is revealed from the study of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 that 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 or 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 is the most prominent of all the deities of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉. Even, lord 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 is found to be eulogised in large portions of the 艢aivite 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉. Another noteworthy aspect of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 is that the ten 补惫补迟腻谤补蝉 of 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 appear in most of the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉. Again the 叠谤腻丑尘补 or 搁腻箩补蝉颈办补辫耻谤腻峁嘺s are mostly of a miscellaneous character and extol different deities. Viewing from the 顿别惫墨-m膩h膩tmya portion of the 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补pur膩峁嘺 and the 搁腻诲丑腻办丑补峁囜笉补 of the 叠谤补丑尘补惫补颈惫补谤迟补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, H. H. Wilson remarks about the 搁腻箩补蝉颈办补辫耻谤腻峁嘺s that these 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 actually lean to the 艣补办迟颈 cult.^[7]

Again the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉 are classified into five groups, connecting these with the five gods like 叠谤补丑尘腻, 厂奴谤测补, Agni, 艢颈惫补, 痴颈峁ａ箛耻 thus-

1. 叠谤补丑尘腻鈥�Brahma and Padma, 
2. 厂奴谤测补鈥�Brahmavaivarta, 
3. 础驳苍颈鈥�Agni , 
4. 艢颈惫补鈥�艢颈惫补, Skanda, 尝颈峁単补, 碍奴谤尘补, 痴腻尘补苍补, 痴补谤腻丑补, 叠丑补惫颈峁�y补, Matsya, 惭腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补 and 叠谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉补, 
5. 痴颈峁ａ箛耻鈥�狈腻谤补诲补, 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补, 骋补谤耻岣峚.^[8]

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

笔补诲尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, Introduction, p. XVII; cf. H. Shastri, The 惭补丑腻辫耻谤腻峁嘺蝉, JBORS, XIV, p.330-337

[2]:

s膩ttvike峁�u pur膩峁噀峁�u m膩h膩tmyam 补诲丑颈办补峁� 丑补谤别岣� /
r膩jase峁�u ca m膩h膩tmyam 补诲丑颈办补峁� brahma峁噊 vidu岣� //
迟补诲惫补诲补驳苍别艣肠补 尘腻丑腻迟尘测补峁� t膩mase峁�u 艣ivasya ca / 惭补迟蝉测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 53.68-69 a

[3]:

尘补迟蝉测补峁� 办补耻谤尘补峁� 迟补迟丑腻 濒补颈峁単补峁� 艣补颈惫补峁� 蝉办腻苍诲补峁� tathaiva ca /
腻驳苍别测补峁� ca sa岣峞t膩ni t膩mas膩ni nibodha me //
惫补颈峁ａ箛补惫补峁� 苍腻谤补诲墨测补峁� ca 迟补迟丑腻 产丑腻驳补惫补迟补峁� 艣ubham /
驳补谤耻岣峚峁� ca 迟补迟丑腻 辫补诲尘补峁� 惫补谤腻丑补峁� 艣ubhadar艣ane //
s膩ttvik膩ni pur膩峁嚹乶i vij帽ey膩艣ubh膩ni vai /
产谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉补峁� 产谤补丑尘补惫补颈惫补谤迟补峁� 尘腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补峁� tathaiva ca //
产丑补惫颈峁�y补峁� 惫腻尘补苍补峁� 产谤补丑尘补峁� r膩jas膩ni nibodha me / 笔补诲尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, Uttarakha峁囜笉a, 263.18-21; The 痴颈峁ａ箛耻pur膩峁嘺, preface, p.XII

[4]:

骋补谤耻岣峚pur膩峁嘺, 3.1.43-51

[5]:

brahm膩峁囜笉a laingye brahma-vaivartaka峁� vai 尘腻谤办补峁囜笉别测补峁� br膩hmam膩dityaka峁� ca /
et膩ny膩hust膩mas膩n墨ti vipr膩statraikade艣a岣� s膩ttviko r膩jasa艣 ca // Ibid., 3.1.55

[6]:

a峁ａ弓膩da艣apur膩峁噀峁�u da艣abhir g墨yate 艣颈惫补岣� /
肠补迟耻谤产丑颈岣� 产丑补驳补惫腻苍 brahm膩 dv膩bhy膩峁� dev墨 迟补迟丑腻 丑补谤颈岣�// 厂办补苍诲补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, Ked膩rakha峁囜笉a,1

[7]:

H. H.Wilson, The 痴颈峁ａ箛耻pur膩峁嘺, Preface, p.XII

[8]:

A. D. Pusalker, Studies in Epics and 笔耻谤腻峁嘺蝉, p.XIIX