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[Full title: (A) Philosophical aspects; (3) Samkhya philosophy; (1) Interpretation of the term 鈥�Sankhya鈥橾.

The term Sankhya, according to Devala (2206) means right understanding of 25 principles. The knowledge of these 3 } j

833 principles is very necessary for understanding the difference between the self & not-self & consequently for obtaining the 15 final release or emancipation. There is a famous verse , declaring that the knower of 25 principles, in whatever stages & conditions of life he may be, is liberated. The person, who has realized such a distinction between self & notself can understand the 24 principles as distinct from his self. Hence he is described as a Sankhya (Sankhyayante ganyantepadarthah yena sah ) . Devala: also regards such a person possessing discriminative realization real or discerning faculty as a Sankhya (2441). The supreme reality, the goal of Yogins, the Brahman is also described as Sankhya by the author (2473). The Yogasutra (IV.29) 16 & the commentator Vyasa (on Yagasutra I.15 & II.2) most probably seem to use the word prasankhyana in the sense of discriminative knowledge of 24 principles & the self like Devala. While the 'real knowledge of the pure nature of self' is also represented as Sankhya in the quotation of Vyas a Here there is no reference to the knowledge of 24 principles. 19 17 The term Sankhya in Svetasvatara Up. (6.13) 18 is in the sense of knowledge of Vedic Reality, according to Sankaracarya Brahma-sutra 2.1.3), while Bhamatikara explains it as - Sankhya means proper vedic wisdom and those who follow it are called Sankhyas -21 20 The Bhagavadgita (2.39, 5.4, 5.5, 13.24, 18/13), also has employed the term in the sense of tattvajnana (knowledge of reality) and also in the sense of a person, knowing the ultimate reality 22 (3.3, 5.5).

4 840 Thus it is evident that Devala interprets the term in accordance with the standpoint of Sankhya philosophy & hence includes the knowledge of 24 principles along with self to be necessary. While the vedantins do not mention the knowledge of 24 principles to be so indispensible. The Sankhyas strive to realize the self, in rational manner, through the gradual realization of the various principles (i.e. not-self), in the ascending order (arohakrama). While the vedantins, try to realize the self only, without any attempt to know the not-self. By the knowledge of one reality. the Brahman, everything becomes known; nothing remains to be known. (ekenaiva vijnatena sarvam vijnatam bhavati).