Arts in the Puranas (study)
by Meena Devadatta Jeste | 1973 | 74,370 words
This essay studies the Arts in the Puranas by reconstructing the theory of six major fine arts—Music, Dance, Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, and Literature—from the Major and Minor Puranas. This thesis shows how ancient sages studied these arts within the context of cultural traditions of ancient India....
6. Movements of the various Limbs
The Vismudharmottara has detailed the movements of the various limbs in chapters 24 and 25. The description of the different Angikabhinayas is similar in both the Natya sastra and the Visnudharmottara. Following Natyasastra, the Visnudharmottara mentions thirteen basic movements of the head and discusses the usage (Viniyoga). They are (1) Akampita (up and down movement) (2) Kampita (the above movement done frequently) (3) Dhuta(bending down of the head) (4) Vidhuta (shaking the head from one side to the other); (5) Parivahita (the sideways or circular movements); (6) Udvahita (when it is lifted up); (7) Avadhuta (turned down suddenly); (8) Ancita
- 92 - (neck is bent on one side); (9) Nikuncita (the Ancita movement with raised shoulders); (10) Paravrtta (the face is turned around backward movement); (11) Utksipta (the face is turned up with an Udvahite head); (12) Adhogita (when the face is turned down); (13) Parilolita (the head is turned on all sides). Seven movements of the Neck- (1) Ancita (Head thrown back but the neck movement indicates an extreme position); (2) Recita (like Parilolita head movement whirling the neck on all sides); (3) Mukta (Recita movement with circumambulation); (4) Vivrtta (moving the neck; the circular movement in relaxed position -Bharata Natyasastra ); (5) Catura - (Sweet). (6) Prasarita (stretching the neck); (7) Stabdha (Stiff). The Natyasastra hes mentioned nine movements of Neck viz. Sama, Nata, Unnata, Traysra, Auncita, Valita, Recita, Ancita, and Vivrtta (Nivrtta). Only two, Ancita and Recita are found in the Purana.