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Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

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तद�-भेदान् आह,

tad-bhedān āha,

He mentions the subvarieties:

hetvor uktāv anutktīnā� traye 峾 nivedite ||10.105cd||
śabdārthābhyām arthākṣipte śṣe tadvat trir-ṣṭtā[1] ||10.106ab||

ٱ�—of both reasons; uktau—in the mention; Գٰܳī峾—of the nonmentions; traye—in the three; —when the similarity; nivedite—is made known; ś岹-ٳ峾—from the sound or the meaning; artha-ṣiٱ—when it is implied[2] from the sense; śṣe—when there is a double meaning; tad-vat—like that; ٰ�-ṣṭ—being three times eight.

There are twenty-four kinds of vyatireka. One variety occurs when both the reason for the superiority of the upameya over the ܱ貹Բ and the reason for the inferiority of the ܱ貹Բ are mentioned. If either of the two is mentioned, there are two more varieties; when neither reason is mentioned, there is one more kind for a total of four.

Among them, the contrast takes place by a word, by the sense, or by implication, for a total of twelve varieties. A contrast can also occur as a double meaning, for a grand total of twenty-four kinds. The comparison is partly a simile.

upameyotkarṣopamāna-nikarṣāv ādhikyasya hetū. tayor yugapad uktāv eka� paryāyeṇa yugapad vānuktau punas traya�. eva� catvāro bhedā�. eṣu śabdenārthena ca 峾 bodhite, tathākṣipte ca sati te dvādaśa syu�. atha śṣe’pi teṣāṃ sambhavāc caturviṃśati-vidho vyatireka�. sāmyam upamā. (The translation of the elaboration was incorporated in the translation of the .)

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

trir-ṣṭ tat (therefore twenty-four) (屹ⲹ-ś).

[2]:

ṣiٲ iti, vyaṅgya ity ٳ� (Uddyota).

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