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Alternative spellings of this word include Vyavhar.

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In Hinduism

Dharmashastra (religious law)

: Google Books: Manusm峁泃i with the 惭补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补

1) The term 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��, 鈥渃ase鈥�) is the name given to that action of the plaintiff and the defendant which they have recourse to for the purpose of reclaiming their rights. Or, it may stand for the non-payment of debts and such other matters themselves, which often become the subjects of dispute and as such fit for investigation, which thus becomes the duty of the king. (See the 惭补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补 verse 8.1)

2) The term 鈥�惫测补惫补丑腻谤补鈥� is synonymous to 鈥�办腻谤测补,鈥� which stands for all such transactions as gifts, deposits, sales and so forth, as also the documents supporting these. (See the 惭补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补 verse 8.163)

: Google Books: A Dharma Reader: Classical Indian Law

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) means a specific kind of law probably relating to social and commercial transactions. The second meaning of 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补 means a specific kind of law probably relating to social and commercial transactions. The second meaning of 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补 is 鈥渓awsuits鈥� and, derivatively, rules of legal procedure associated with them. Perhaps this meaning is derived from the fact that most lawsuits may have involved commercial transactions, and the nonpayment of debts is always the first and paradigmatic area to be dealt with in legal procedure.

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Dharmashastra (啶оぐ啷嵿ぎ啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿��, dharma艣膩stra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渁dministering the law鈥�.鈥擨t is mentioned in Manusm峁泃i, Chapter 8, that administering the law was of eighteen types in ancient India.

1. Pertaining to giving and taking.
2. Pertaining to the property entrusted to another for keeping.
3. Selling the property by anybody other than its owner.
4. Appropriating gain to oneself in a combined transaction.
5. Not handing over the property which was given as a gift.
6. Non-payment of salary.
7. Disobeying orders.
8. Retaining and doubting the ownership after the completion of a transaction of selling or buying.
9. A law suit between the owner of the cattle and the cowherd or shepherd.
10. Dispute about boundary.
11. Striking another.
12. Reviling others
13. Theft and robbery.
14. Violence.
15. Stealing another鈥檚 wife.
16. Matrimonial responsibilities.
17. Partition.
18. Gambling.

Whenever difference of opinion arises between two persons on any of the matter given above, the King should interfere and make a decision. For one reason or another, if the King could not attend the court, three learned Brahmins should enter the court and conduct the trial sitting or standing, and they should not conduct the trial walking to and fro. This was the practice of courts in ancient India.

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥�(one who lays down) the principles of dealing (and worldly conventions)鈥�, according to the 艢ivapur膩峁嘺 2.3.11.鈥擜ccordingly, as Himavat (Him膩laya) eulogised 艢iva: 鈥淸...] O one engaged in penance, O one the venue of penance; obeisance to Thee the bestower of fruits of penance; obeisance to Thee who lovest penance; obeisance to Thee of the form of Brahman and quiescent. Obeisance to Thee who lay down the principles of dealings and worldly conventions [i.e., 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补-k膩ra鈥�惫测补惫补丑腻谤补kar膩yaiva lok膩c膩rakar膩ya te]; obeisance to the great 艢iva full of attributes; obeisance to Thee the great soul. [...]鈥�.

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The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur膩峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渄aily life鈥� (in the world), according to the Mah膩nayaprak膩艣a verse 2.1-35, while explaining the cycles of the goddesses of consciousness.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淒aily life (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补) in the world is predominantly of the nature of action; accordingly, knowledge of the P墨峁環akrama is explained in terms of that. With this intention, the teacher makes the fettered (disciple) (辫补艣耻) a recipient of the tradition once he has eaten the sacrificial pap (caru)鈥�.

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Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕�嵿��, 艣膩kta) or Shaktism (艣膩ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Shaiva philosophy

: Google Books: The philosophy of the Pratyabhij帽膩

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渨orldly activity鈥�, according to Abhinavagupta鈥檚 莫艣varapratyabhij帽膩vimar艣in墨 (also known as the 鈥渄octrine of divine recognition鈥�) with the Sanskrit commentary called Bh膩skar墨.鈥擜ccordingly, [Vol. I, p. 261-262] [automatically translated from the French]: At the time of worldly activity (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补) between the various [subjects鈥攊n other words, during] buying and selling, contemplation of a spectacle, explanation [of a text], etc. ., the Lord (prabhu), by 鈥減enetrating鈥� the bodies, vital energies, etc., which belong to [such particular individual] as Caitra or Maitra鈥擺in other words, by penetrating these objects] in such a way that they are one from the point of view of this [particular] manifestation only鈥�, manifested 鈥渆xternally鈥�, in the form of a one phenomenon, that which is 鈥渕anifested internally鈥濃�擺in other words, that] which does not has not abandoned its inner luminosity. [...] During the worldly activity [惫测补惫补丑腻谤补], the Lord creates (蝉峁沯-) unity with this or that subject, destroys (蝉补峁兂筢箾-) unity with [such] other subject, carries out [the cosmic operation of] maintenance (sthiti) with respect to that which consists of a simple [object] such as the pot, etc., imposes obscuration (迟颈谤辞产丑腻惫补) by obliterating its complete nature, [and] produces grace (anugraha) by conferring completeness by the manifestation of unity in this particular manifestation. [Cf. 碍峁泃测补辫补帽肠补办补] [...]

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to the 鈥渟phere of ordinary human practice鈥�.鈥擨n 莫艣varapratyabhij帽膩k膩rik膩 1.5.6, Utpaladeva shows that the sphere of ordinary human practice (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补) functions on the mere basis of phenomena (so that from this practical point of view, at least, all inquiries into the existence of an external reality are useless) and that further, an external object is not even rationally possible, so that there is no point in assuming the existence of such an absurd object.

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Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渃alculations (relating to mixed quantities)鈥� according to the principle of Interest which is a section of 辫腻峁�墨g补峁噄迟补 (鈥渟cience of calculation which requires the use of writing material鈥攖he board鈥�) in ancient Indian mathematics (驳补峁噄迟补-艣腻蝉迟谤补).鈥擳he ordinary problems relating to the finding out of interest, principal or time etc., the other quantities being given, occur in the section dealing with the Rule of Five. The Hindu works generally contain a section called mi艣raka-惫测补惫补丑腻谤补 (鈥渃alculations relating to mixed quantities鈥�) in which occur miscellaneous problems on interest. The contents of this section vary in different works, according to their size and scope. Thus the 膧ryabha峁�墨ya contains only one rule relating to a problem on interest, whilst the Ga峁噄tas膩ra-sa峁僩raha has a large number of such rules and problems.

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Ganita (啶椸ぃ啶苦い) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渕undane activity鈥�, according to verse 6.21.14 of the Mok峁�op膩ya.鈥擜ccordingly, as Bhu艣u峁囜笉a said to Vasi峁ａ弓ha: 鈥淲hen mundane activity (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补) in the usual state of the world has fallen [into disarray] at the end of [the world's] duration, then I leave my nest like an ungrateful person [leaves] a good friend. I remain in the ether, all my conceptual thinking has disappeared, and my constitution and body are immobilized so that my mind is without habitual tendencies. [...]鈥�.

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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 膩sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渄ispensing justice鈥�, according to the 艢测补颈苍颈办补-艣腻蝉迟谤补: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by R膩j膩 Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] It has been said that there are eighteen addictions. These are the outcome of the desire for earthly enjovments. [...] Rudeness of speech means indecent and abusive utterances. It is good when inflicting punishment and dispensing justice (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补). [...]鈥�.

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This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (鈥減erforming arts鈥�) and Shastras (鈥渟ciences鈥�) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

Vedanta (school of philosophy)

: Wikisource: Ashtavakra Gita

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to the 鈥減ractical affairs of life鈥� (i.e., 鈥渢he life of a man at peace鈥�), according to the A峁ａ弓膩vakrag墨t膩 (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Ved膩nta topics.鈥擜ccordingly, [as A峁ａ弓avakra says to Janaka]: 鈥淸...] Happy he stands, happy he sits, happy sleeps and happy he comes and goes. Happy he speaks, and happy he eats. Such is the life of a man at peace (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补). [sukha峁� vakti sukha峁� bhu峁卥te vyavah膩re'pi 艣膩ntadh墨岣�] He who of his very nature feels no unhappiness in his daily life like worldly people, remains undisturbed like a great lake, all sorrow gone. [...]鈥�.

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Vedanta (啶掂�囙う啶距え啷嵿��, ved膩nta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渃onventional expression鈥�, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩: the eighth chapter of the Mah膩sa峁僴ip膩ta (a collection of Mah膩y膩na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] The Bodhisattva Gaganaga帽ja then sustained the jewel-canopy of ten thousand yojanas high over the Lord鈥檚 lion throne in the sky, joined the palms of his hands, saluted, and praised the Lord with these suitable verses: 鈥榌...] (14) According to what is essentially a conventional expression (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补) you attained the supreme enlightenment (agrabodhi), but, really, that is ineffable (补苍耻诲腻丑腻谤补) since there is neither attainment nor non-attainment (辫谤腻辫迟补-补辫谤腻辫迟补). You obtain the dharma wheel as you attain awakening, but the turning is really without any distinguishing mark, and as such the entrance into neither turning nor non-turning. [...]鈥�.

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Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, mah膩y膩na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽膩p膩ramit膩 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

: Google Books: The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems

痴测腻惫补丑补谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶距さ啶灌��) (or: Sa峁僾峁泃i) (Sanskrit; in Tibetan: tha snyad pa; or: kun rdzob) 鈥� (lit. 鈥淐onventional鈥�) 鈥� In Madhyamaka thought, one of the two levels of discourse or truth Unlike ultimate discourse, the conventional conceals the true nature of things, and is a mere nominal designation, acceptable by worldly standards but unable to withstand analysis, hence sublated in the attainment of an ultimate realization

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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (惫补箩谤补测腻苍补) are collected indepently.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��, 鈥渁nalytic鈥�) refers to one of the seven types of naya (standpoint), according to the 2nd-century Tattv膩rthas奴tra 1.33.鈥擳o cognize an entity by looking at its attributes as primary and secondary depending on the intentions of the speaker or listener is called naya (standpoint/viewpoint).

What is meant by analytic viewpoint (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补-naya)? To differentiate the entities cognized in the synthetic viewpoint in a proper manner distinguishing them in different classes /types, e.g. there are two types of substances, namely: living beings and non-living beings. Similarly, living beings are of two types, namely: empirical and pure living beings.

: University of Cambridge: Jainism

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) or 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补s奴tra refers to a type of Chedas奴tra of the 艢vet膩mbara canon dealing with monastic atonements, in its original Ardham膩gadh墨 Prakrit together with a Gujarati quasi-literal translation. This is a type of commentary known as 峁璦bo because of its layout: the Gujarati part is above each line of the main text, written in smaller script, and is divided into small compartments where the Prakrit words are referred to only by their initial syllable.

: academia.edu: Tessitori Collection I

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) refers to 鈥渆thical business鈥�, according to the 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补suddhacaupa墨 by Samayasundara (dealing with the lives of Jain teachers), which is included in the collection of manuscripts at the 鈥榁incenzo Joppi鈥� library, collected by Luigi Pio Tessitori during his visit to Rajasthan between 1914 and 1919.鈥擳he 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补suddhacaupa墨 was composed in VS 1696 (= 1639 CE) in Ahmedabad, as indicated at the end. A fairly long preamble deals with the 21 layman鈥檚 qualities and the qualities of ethical business (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补-艣uddhi), which means not lying, not cheating, being accurate, etc. [...]

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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补.鈥攃f. 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补-pade (LP), 鈥榓s a tax from mer- chants鈥�. Note: 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补 is defined in the 鈥淚ndian epigraphical glossary鈥� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

惫测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥攎 (S) Operation or action generally; work, exercise. 2 Procedure, practice, course of action or being. 3 Trade, traffic, dealing, commerce, business: also a trade or business, an employment, occupation, profession, vocation. 4 The practice of the courts of law. 5 A lawsuit: also any matter actionable or cognizable in a court of law.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

惫测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥�m Operation or action. Practice. Trade.

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Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥�1 Conduct, behaviour, action.

2) Affair, business, work; 啶曕�佮�熰�佮ぎ啷嵿が啶距ぐ啷嵿ぅ啷囙そ啶о�嵿く啶о��啶ㄠ�嬥そ啶� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶� 啶�啶�啶距�氞ぐ啷囙い啷� (ku峁璾mb膩rthe'dhyadh墨no'pa 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补峁� yam膩caret) Ms. 8.167.

3) Profession, occupation.

4) Dealing, transaction.

5) Commerce, trade, traffic.

6) Dealing in money, usury.

7) Usage, custom, an established rule or practice.

8) Relation, connection; 啶む�囙し啶距�� 啶� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啷嬥そ啶�啶� 啶�啶班じ啷嵿お啶班え啶苦が啶ㄠ�嵿ぇ啶ㄠ�� (te峁Ｄ佱箖 ca vyavah膩ro'ya峁� parasparanibandhana岣�) 笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补 (Bombay) 1.79.

9) Judicial procedure, trial or investigation of a case, administration of justice; 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶膏�嵿い啶�啶距す啷嵿さ啶�啶むた (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补stam膩hvayati); 啶呧げ啶� 啶侧�溹�嵿�溹く啶� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿さ啶距�� 啶�啷冟�氞�嵿�涏い啶� (ala峁� lajjay膩 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补stv膩峁� p峁沜chati) M峁沜chaka峁璱ka 9; 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶膏�嵿ぅ啶距お啶ㄠぞ (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补sth膩pan膩) Kau. A.3; Manusm峁泃i 8.1; 啶多た啶掂�� 啶膏た啶粪�囙さ啷� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶侧が啷嵿ぇ啶�啷� (艣iva峁� si峁�eve 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补labdham) Bu. Ch.2.4.

1) A legal dispute, complaint, suit, law-suit, litigation; 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啷嬥そ啶�啶� 啶氞ぞ啶班�佮う啶む�嵿い啶�啶掂げ啶�啷嵿が啶む��, 啶囙い啶� 啶侧た啶栢�嵿く啶むぞ啶� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶膏�嵿く 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶ムぎ啶� 啶�啶距う啶�, 啶曕�囙�� 啶膏す 啶�啶� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶� (vyavah膩ro'ya峁� c膩rudattamavalambate, iti likhyat膩峁� 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补sya prathama岣� p膩da岣�, kena saha mama 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补岣�) M峁沜chaka峁璱ka 9; 啶︵う啶班�嵿�� 啶膏�傕ざ啶�- 啶氞�嵿�涏�囙う啷嵿く啶距え啷� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶距え啶むえ啷嵿う啷嵿ぐ啶苦い啶� (dadar艣a sa峁兣沘ya- cchedy膩n vyavah膩r膩natandrita岣�) R.17.39.

11) A title of legal procedure, any occasion of litigation.

12) A contract; 啶呧じ啶傕が啶︵�嵿ぇ啶曕�冟い啶多�嵿�氞�堗�� 啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啷� 啶� 啶膏た啶︵�嵿ぇ啶む�� (asa峁僢addhak峁泃a艣caiva vyavah膩ro na siddhati) Manusm峁泃i 8.163.

13) Mathematical process.

14) Competency to manage one's own affairs; majority.

15) A sword.

Derivable forms: 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补岣� (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距ぐ啶�).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥�m. (1) (much as in Sanskrit, [Boehtlingk and Roth] s.v. 8, compare 7; designation, term, in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] with implication of superficiality, lack of substance, e.g. 艢补迟补蝉腻丑补蝉谤颈办腻-辫谤补箩帽腻辫腻谤补尘颈迟腻 1334.18 掳ra-m膩tra = n膩ma- m膩tra 19), manner of speech: 膩rya-掳ra (= Pali ariya- voh膩ra, see Critical Pali Dictionary), eight (as in Pali), 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 220.7, 11 (d峁涐梗峁璭 d峁涐梗峁璦v膩dit膩, etc.); a峁ａ弓au 掳ra-pad膩ni 叠辞诲丑颈蝉补迟迟惫补产丑奴尘颈 389.13, 16 (eva峁僴膩m膩, eva峁僯膩tya岣�, etc.); 峁�a岣� 掳ra-pada-carit膩ni 19 ff. (膩hv膩n膩ya sa峁僰eta岣�, etc.); sa峁僾峁泃i-掳ra 厂耻办丑腻惫补迟墨惫测奴丑补 42.11, see sa峁僾峁泃i; (2) motion, gesture: (hasta-) 掳re峁嘺 (contemptu- ously) udde峁ａ弓um 膩rabdha岣� 惭奴濒补-厂补谤惫腻蝉迟颈惫腻诲补-痴颈苍补测补 ii.190.9; so also hasta- 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补ke峁嘺 ib. 188.12.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥攎.

(-谤补岣�) 1. The practice of the courts, or civil and criminal law, judicial procedure, administrative justice, as the examination of evidence, &c. 2. Title of jurisprudence, any act cognizable in courts of justice. 3. Contest at law, law suit, litigation. 4. Usage, custom. 5. Conduct. 6. Profession, business. 7. Steadiness, property, adherence to law and custom. 8. A contract. 9. A sort of tree. 10. Mathematical or arithmetical determination or ascertainment. E. vi, and ava implying dissension, and 丑峁� to take, aff. 驳丑补帽, the term being explained to mean especially, a dispute between two parties, or the counter statements of plaintiff and defendant.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥攊. e. vi-ava-丑峁� + a, m. 1. Doing, performing, Bh膩- 峁Ｄ乸. 105 (驳补峁嘺苍补-, Numbering); [Lassen, Anthologia Sanskritica.] 76, 9; occupation, [艢膩kuntala, (ed. B枚htlingk.)] 104, 23; action, [M膩lat墨m膩dhava, (ed. Calc.)] 70, 6. 2. Affair, [Uttara R膩macarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 127, 3 (n膩sya vyavah膩ro streshu, He has nothing with weapons); [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 8, 420. 3. Profession, business, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] i. [distich] 91. 4. Pecuniary transaction, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 3, 64; usury, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] i. [distich] 12. 5. Petty traffic, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 7, 137; trade, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] 7, 17. 6. Usage, custom, [贬颈迟辞辫补诲别艣补] 58, 18. 7. Conduct, [贬颈迟辞辫补诲别艣补] i. [distich] 57; 70, M. M. 8. Practice of the courts, or civil and criminal law, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 8, 148; judicial proceeding, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 8, 1. 9. Administration of justice, Journ. of the German Oriental Society, vii. 528. 10. Any acts cognisable in courts. 11. An occurrence which must be inquired, an important affair, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] 45, 13. 12. Lawsuit, [笔补帽肠补迟补苍迟谤补] 165, 4. 13. A contract.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��).鈥擺masculine] procedure, conduct, way of acting; intercourse with (saha); usage, custom, activity, occupation, dealing with or in ([locative] or 鈥斅�); business, commerce, trade; legal dispute, lawsuit, litigation, contract, stipulation, administration of justice.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) as mentioned in Aufrecht鈥檚 Catalogus Catalogorum:鈥攆rom the Agnipur膩峁嘺. Burnell. 187^b. See Oxf. 7^b.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��):鈥擺=惫测-补惫补丑腻谤补] [from vyava-丑峁�] m. doing, performing, action, practice, conduct, behaviour, [Mah膩bh膩rata; K膩vya literature] etc. (惫测补惫补丑腻谤补岣� 办腻谤测补岣�, with [instrumental case], 鈥榠t should be acted according to鈥�)

2) [v.s. ...] commerce or intercourse with (saha or [compound]), [Nirukta, by Y膩ska; K膩mandak墨ya-n墨tis膩ra] etc.

3) [v.s. ...] affair, matter, [N墨laka峁囜弓ha]

4) [v.s. ...] usage, custom, wont, ordinary life, common practice, [Pata帽jali; Bh膩gavata-pur膩峁嘺; 贬颈迟辞辫补诲别艣补]

5) [v.s. ...] activity, action or practice of occupation or business with ([locative case] or [compound]), [Inscriptions; K膩vya literature; Kath膩sarits膩gara]

6) [v.s. ...] mercantile transaction, traffic, trade with, dealing in ([compound]), [Manu-sm峁泃i; Mah膩bh膩rata] etc.

7) [v.s. ...] a contract, [Manu-sm峁泃i viii, 163]

8) [v.s. ...] legal procedure, contest at law with (saha), litigation, lawsuit, legal process (See -尘腻迟峁沰腻 below), [Manu-sm峁泃i; Y膩j帽avalkya] etc.

9) [v.s. ...] practices of law and kingly government, [Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 209]

10) [v.s. ...] mathematical process, [Colebrooke]

11) [v.s. ...] administration of justice, [Gautama-dharma-艣膩stra]

12) [v.s. ...] ([figuratively]) punishment, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

13) [v.s. ...] competency to manage one鈥檚 own affairs, majority (in law), [ib.]

14) [v.s. ...] propriety, adherence to law or custom, [ib.]

15) [v.s. ...] the use of an expression, with regard to, speaking about (tair eva 惫测补惫补丑腻谤补岣�, 鈥榡ust about these is the question鈥�, 鈥榠t is to these that the discussion has reference鈥�), [Kapila; S膩hitya-darpa峁嘺; Sarvadar艣ana-sa峁僩raha]

16) [v.s. ...] designation, [Jaimini [Scholiast or Commentator]]

17) [v.s. ...] compulsory work, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

18) [v.s. ...] a sword, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

19) [v.s. ...] a sort of tree, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal膩yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

20) [v.s. ...] Name of a [chapter] of the Agni-pur膩峁嘺.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��):鈥擺惫测补惫补-丑腻谤补] (谤补岣�) 1. m. Contest at law; judicial procedure; steadiness; practice; a contract; business.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: 痴补惫补丑腻谤补.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��) [Also spelled vyavhar]:鈥�(nm) behaviour; dealings, treatment; transaction; practice; usage, use; application; —[aura siddh膩峁僼a] practice and theory; -[办补濒腻] art of behaviour; ~[办耻艣补濒补] tactful in one鈥檚 dealings, worldly wise, knowing the ways of the world; -[办耻艣补濒补t膩] tactfulness, worldly wisdom; knowledge of the ways of the world; ~[ta]: in practice, as a matter of practice; —[尘别峁�] in practice; ~[惫腻诲补] positivism; ~[惫腻诲墨] a positivist; positivistic; —[办补谤补苍腻] to behave; to treat; to use; to act; to deal; to apply.

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (嗖掂硩嗖�嗖掂补嗖距��):鈥�

1) [noun] any occupation pursued as a business or livelihood.

2) [noun] the act or process of buying, selling or exchanging commodities, at either wholesale or retail, within a country or between countries; trade; commerce.

3) [noun] a field of business activity; a trade.

4) [noun] the way a person behaves or acts; conduct; manners.

5) [noun] a regular, more or less unvarying procedure, customary, prescribed or habitual, as of business or daily life; routine.

6) [noun] the state of being associated; companionship; association.

7) [noun] a usual practice or habitual way of behaving; a habit; a custom.

8) [noun] the act or process of carrying on a lawsuit; litigation.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 (啶掂�嵿く啶掂す啶距��):鈥攏. 1. conduct; behavior; 2. business; work; affair; 3. profession; occupation; 4. transaction; dealing; 5. commerce; trade; 6. relation; connection; 7. trial; judicial procedure;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Vyava, Vy, Hara, Avahara.

Starts with (+18): Vyavahara Kala, Vyavaharacamatkara, Vyavaharacandrodaya, Vyavaharacatura, Vyavaharacature, Vyavaharacatushtaya, Vyavaharacintamani, Vyavaharadarpana, Vyavaharadasha, Vyavaharadidhiti, Vyavaharadipika, Vyavaharadrashtri, Vyavaharakalpataru, Vyavaharakamalakara, Vyavaharakanda, Vyavaharakaushalya, Vyavaharakhandana, Vyavaharakushala, Vyavaharakushalate, Vyavaharakushale.

Full-text (+346): Lokavyavahara, Vyavaharadarshana, Vyavaharapada, Vyavaharajna, Vyavaharavishaya, Durvyavahara, Vyavaharavidhi, Vyavaharamatrika, Vyavaharasthana, Asadvyavahara, Deshavyavahara, Apraptavyavahara, Yathavyavaharam, Kshetravyavahara, Mishravyavahara, Samvyavahara, Vyavaharamarga, Ajatavyavahara, Avyavahara, Vyavaharayogya.

Relevant text

Search found 132 books and stories containing Vyavahara, 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补, Vy-avahara, Vy-avah膩ra, Vyava-hara, Vyava-h膩ra, 痴测腻惫补丑补谤补; (plurals include: Vyavaharas, 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补s, avaharas, avah膩ras, haras, h膩ras, 痴测腻惫补丑补谤补s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)

Page 41 < [Volume 24 (1918)]

Page 43 < [Volume 24 (1918)]

Page 160 < [Volume 6 (1909)]

+ 29 more chapters / show preview

Yajnavalkya-smriti (Vyavaharadhyaya)鈥擟ritical study (by Kalita Nabanita)

Chapter 2.1c - Meaning of 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 < [Chapter 2 - The Vyavah膩r膩dhy膩ya of the Y膩j帽avalkyasm峁泃i]

Chapter 2.1d - Difference between Dharma and 痴测补惫补丑腻谤补 < [Chapter 2 - The Vyavah膩r膩dhy膩ya of the Y膩j帽avalkyasm峁泃i]

Chapter 2.2 - The Domain of the Vyavah膩r膩dhy膩ya < [Chapter 2 - The Vyavah膩r膩dhy膩ya of the Y膩j帽avalkyasm峁泃i]

+ 14 more chapters / show preview

Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)

Page 90 < [Volume 10 (1890)]

Page 137 < [Volume 9 (1888)]

Page 351 < [Volume 5 (1879)]

+ 43 more chapters / show preview

Vyavaharamala: a text on Indian jurisprudence (by P. V. Rajee)

5. Legal proceedings鈥擳he origin and development of Vyavahara < [Chapter 5 - Vyavaharamala鈥擥eneral features based on text]

6. Vyavaharas equal to Yagas < [Chapter 5 - Vyavaharamala鈥擥eneral features based on text]

11. Legal proceedings (Vyavahara) < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]

+ 41 more chapters / show preview

Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)

Verse 8.167 < [Section XXIX - Contracts, when invalid]

Verse 9.275 < [Section XXXVIII - Treatment of Criminals and their Punishment]

Verse 8.165 < [Section XXIX - Contracts, when invalid]

+ 420 more chapters / show preview

Studies in Indian Literary History (by P. K. Gode)

32. Vyavaharamanjari, an unknown work of Bhojaraja on Dharmashastra < [Volume 1 (1945)]

3. Date of Malayagirisuri < [Volume 1 (1945)]

51. Date of Vyavaharanirnaya of Varadaraja < [Volume 1 (1945)]

+ 1 more chapters / show preview

 

Click here for all 132 books

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