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3. Date of Malayagirisuri鈥擝etween A. D. 1100 and 1175 + Winternitz' in his History of Indian Literature states that a MS of Malayagiri's commentary on Karmaprakrti is dated 1395 A. D., a MS of the commentary on the Nandisutra is dated 1235 A. D., a MS of the commentary on the Vyavahara-Sutra is dated 1253 A. D. Peterson² refers to the several works of Malayagiri and states that this writer's Sabdanusasana was written in the reign of Kumarapala. Kielhorn³ states that one of Malayagiri's works was composed in Kumarapala's reign between 1143 and 1174 A. D. I wonder why Winternitz has not recorded the above date for Malayagiri as given by Kielhorn and referred to by Peterson. In case he had any doubts in accepting the date given by Kielhorn we shall have to see if these doubts are justified on the strength of other evidence in support of or against Kielhorn's date for Malayagiri. In the Catalogue of Manuscripts in the Jain Bhandars at Patan there are certain dated MSS of works, the author of which is stated to be Malayagiri. These MSS may be recorded as follows with their dates:Page Work Samvat A. D. Place of Deposit 22 sadasiti (satika ) mu0 jinavallabha tika of malayagiri 1332 1276 Sanghavi Pada Bhandar 43 sadasiti vrtti by malayagiri 1258 1192 Do 鈥� See Jaina Antiquary, Vol. V, pp. 133-136. 1. His. of Ind. Lit., Vol. II, 1933 (Calcutta Univ.) p. 592 fn. 2. 2. Fourth Report, 1894, Index of Authors, p. lxxxviii. Works of Malayagiri mentioned by Peterson are:- (1) vyavaharasutratika (2) pancasamgrahatika | ( 3 ) nandyadhyayanatika | (4) karma- prakrtitika | (5) saptatikatika | (6) prajnapanasutratika (7) candraprajnaptisutraka | (8) surya prajnaptitika | (9) sabdanusasana | 3. Report on Palm-leaf MSS (1880-81), p. 45-Kielhorn observes "The instance : on folio 255(b) proves that the work was composed in the reign of Kumarapala between 1143 and 1174 A. D." 4. Compiled by Dalal and Gandhi, Baroda, Vol. I, 1937. 22

saptatikatika by malayagiri Page Work 94 samgrahanivrtti by malayagiri 200 Samvat A.D. Place of Deposit 1290 1234 Sanghavi Pada Bhandar 1221 1165 Do 201 camdraprajnapti tika 1480 1424 Do 202 sittarivrtti by malayagiri 1462 1406 Do 232 dharmasangrahanitika by malayagiri 1437 1381 Do 231 suryaprajnaptitika by malayagiri 1481 1425 Do 239 camdraprajnaptitika by malayagiri 1483 1427 Do 311 avasyakavrtti by malayagiri 1446 1390 Sangha Bhandara 3.7 karma prakrtivrtti by malayagiri 1331 1275 Tapagaccha Bl andara ( Phopla Ta Wada). In the Catalogue of Jesalmere MSS' we find the following dated MSs of works ascribed to malayagirih- Page Work Samvat A. D. Place of Deposit 18 avasyaka brhadvrtti by malayagiri 1491 | 1335 | Big Bhandara at Jesalmere 43 rajaprasniyavrtti by malayagiri 1488 1432 Do 23 camdraprajnapti tika by malayagiri 1488 1432 Do 42 jivabhigaravrtti by malayagiri 1489 1433 Do 13 namditika by malayagiri 1488 1432 Do 39 pimdaniyuktivrtti by malayagiri 1489 1433 Do 41 pimda niyuktivrtti by malayagiri 1289 1233 Do 36 vyavaharavrtti by malayagiri 1490 1434 Do 37 brhatkalpapithika by malayagiri 1378 1322 Do 18 vyavaharavrtti by malayagiri 1490 1434 Do 35 samgrahanitika by malayagiri 1296 1240 Do 24 suryaprajnaptivrtti by malayagiri 1489 1433 Do 1. By C. D. Dalal, Baroda, 1923.

It will be seen from the two foregoing tables of dated MSS. ascribed to Malayagiri that they were copied in the years A. D. 1165, 1192, 1233, 1234, 1240, 1275, 1276, 1322, 1335, 1381, 1390, 1406, 1424, 1425, 1427, 1432, 1433, 1434. The earliest dated MS. of Malayagiri's work recorded by Winternitz is dated A. D. 1235 while in the above chronological tables we have four MSS. of Malayagiri's works' bearing dates earlier than A.D. 1235 viz., A.D. 1165, 1192, 1233, 1234. According to Kielhorn Malayagiri wrote during King Kumarapala's reign i.e., between A. D. 1143 and 1174. This statement, though not mentioned by Winternitz and accepted, appears to be corroborated by the dates A. D. 1165 and 1192 of Malayagiri's two works saptatikatika and sadasitivrtti . We may, therefore, safely fix A. D. 1165 as one of the limits for the date of Malayagiri, the other limit being about A. D. 1050 as will be seen from the following evidence :Malayagiri in his commentary on the Avasyakasutra mentions Prajnakaragupta and quotes a verse² from his work as follows:- "uktam ca prajnakaraguptena- yatha va preryate tulamakase matarisvana | tatha sabdo'pi kim vayoh pratipam ko'pi sabdavit || " This appears to me to be a quotation from one of the Sanskrit works of Prajnakara Gupta who was a Buddhist logician belonging to about 940 A. D.' It may be possible for students of Buddhist 1. For the names of works of Malayagiri vide Jain-Granthavali, pp. 4 ,.6, 8 , 10, 14, 18, 20, 40, 42, 64, 100, 115, 117, 119, 120, 125. 2. Vide folio 29 a of the Pothi Edition of the Avasyakasutra with Malayagiri's Commentary (Agamodaya Samiti No. 56) 1928. 3. Vide p. 336 of the History of Indian Logic by S. Vidyabhushana , Calcutta, 1921. Prajnakara Gupta lived at the time of Mahipala, who died in 940 A. D. He wrote the following works :- 1. Pramanavartikalamkara, a commentary on the Pramanavartika of Dharmakirti. Vidyabhushan states that the Sanskrit original of this work of P. Gupta appears to be lost. Recently, however, the work has been recovered and edited by Rahula Sankrtyayana in the Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Res. Soc. Vol. XXI, Part II (1935). There is also a Tibetan translation of the work. 2. Sahavalambaniscaya.-The Sanskrit original of this work also appears to be lost according to Vidyabhushan but there exists a Tibetan translation.

literature to trace the above verse in P. Gupta's one of the two Sanskrit works." If the author of the name Prajnakara Gupta mentioned by Malayagiri is identical with the celebrated Buddhist logician of that name we may safely fix A. D. 1050 or so so as the other limit to the date of Malayagiri. It would thus be seen that the date of Malayagirisuri may be taken to lie between A. D. 1100 and 1175.21 1. One of these two works viz., the Pramanavarttikalamkara has been fortunately recovered for us by Rahula Sankrtyayana [Vide p. 42 of Jour. Bihar and Orissa Res. Soc. Vol. XXI (March 1935)]. The MS described by him consists of 59 leaves and contains Chapters II and III of the work. This MS has been published in the June 1935. issue of the above journal (pp. 1 to 158). The published portion is 63). fragmentary as it begins from the Karika 330 of the text (vide p. It ends with Karika 539 (p. 158) and is called c Cf. Colophon "pramanavartikalankare pratyaksaparicchedo dvitiyah " which corresponds to the 3 rd Pariccheda of the text of the Pramanavarttika as stated by the Editor in the footnote on p. 158. 2. In the Abhidhanarajendra Vol. VI (1923) p. 156 there is a small article on Malayagiri but it contains no historical information about this author. The compilers of this encyclopaedia, however, observe :- - "malayagireh samayo guruparamparadikam ca na jnayate tathapi haribhadrasurerarvaktana iti jnayate " The date of Haribhadrasuri is about 750 A, D.