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Significance of Parabrahman

Parabrahman denotes the ultimate reality or supreme being across various Indian philosophical traditions including Jainism, Vaishnavism, Vedanta, Yoga, Purana, Shaktism, Shaivism, and Kavyashastra. It represents a state of liberation, the Supreme Absolute Truth, and the highest essence of existence, transcending all forms and attributes. Parabrahman is often linked to concepts such as divine consciousness, the source of creation, and the ultimate consciousness that spiritual aspirants seek to unite with for enlightenment and emancipation.

Synonyms: Absolute reality, Ultimate reality, Supreme consciousness, Transcendent being, Non-dual existence, Divine essence, Supreme being, Highest self

In Dutch: Parabrahman; In German: Parabrahman; In Finnish: Parabrahman; In Spanish: Parabrahman; In Swedish: Parabrahman; In Malay: Parabrahman; In French: Parabrahman

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Hindu concept of 'Parabrahman'

Hinduism Books

Parabrahman in Hinduism signifies the supreme consciousness, ultimate reality, and singular essence that transcends duality. It embodies the source of all existence, guiding aspirants toward spiritual enlightenment and union with the supreme being.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Thirty minor Upanishads

(1) The ultimate reality or absolute consciousness, beyond all dualities, that encompasses all beings and existence.[1] (2) Parabrahman is beyond the matras and considered the pure, all-pervading source of all jyotis.[2] (3) Parabrahman refers to the ultimate reality, the supreme consciousness which is Narayana, and is regarded as causeless and beyond all attributes.[3] (4) The ultimate reality, which is beyond all attributes and manifests as the non-dual truth.[4] (5) The ultimate reality that is partless and the source of all existence.[5]

From: Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation)

(1) The highest state of being in which the eternal light shines, representing ultimate reality.[6] (2) The state of Pure Consciousness; the ultimate aim of spiritual realization beyond physical existence and successive realms.[7]

From: Prashna Upanishad with Shankara鈥檚 Commentary

(1) The Para Brahman refers to the ultimate reality or consciousness that is revealed to those who meditate on the syllable 'Om'.[8]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary)

(1) The absolute reality that is distinct from the individual spirit souls or jivas.[9] (2) The highest aspect of Divinity that possesses ultimate opulence and sweetness.[10] (3) The ultimate reality or supreme absolute, from which all things manifest, distinct from the temporary material world.[11] (4) an indication of an object that is superior to Brahman.[12] (5) The Supreme Spirit, identified with Shri Krishna, representing the highest state of reality and existence.[13]

From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu

(1) A term used to describe the ultimate reality or supreme being, identified here as Krishna.[14] (2) The supreme conception of God, from which the idea of Shantoparasa is derived.[15]

From: Bhajana-Rahasya

(1) the Supreme brahma, Shri Bhagavan.[16]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Devi Bhagavata Purana

(1) The ultimate reality or absolute consciousness associated with the Devi.[17] (2) The ultimate spiritual reality or consciousness that Jivatma aspires to unite with.[18] (3) Para Brahma refers to the highest universal spirit in Hindu philosophy, encompassing the essence of divine presence and consciousness.[19] (4) The ultimate reality or supreme spirit that one realizes through the deep knowledge attained via Jnana.[20] (5) The supreme reality or ultimate consciousness in Hindu philosophy, beyond all limitations.[21]

From: Bhagavad-gita-rahasya (or Karma-yoga Shastra)

(1) The imperceptible and qualityless Brahman, the ultimate reality, which is one and all-pervasive, beyond Names and Forms.[22] (2) The ultimate, formless reality which is the source of all existence in Vedanta philosophy.[23] (3) The supreme, formless essence that underlies all existence according to Vedanta, positioned as distinct from the duality of Matter and Spirit in Samkhya.[24] (4) The ultimate reality that exists homogeneously in all created things.[25]

From: Garuda Purana

(1) Term used to denote the ultimate reality or supreme cosmic spirit that creates and destroys the universe.[26]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Yoga (school of philosophy):
Yoga Books

From: Yoga-sutras (with Vyasa and Vachaspati Mishra)

(1) The ultimate reality or the supreme being upon which the yogi should focus their mind.[27]

From: Shat-cakra-nirupana (the six bodily centres)

(1) The supreme consciousness or ultimate reality described as the void within Nirvana-Shakti.[28]

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as asanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Jain concept of 'Parabrahman'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Parabrahman signifies emancipation and liberation, representing a fully expanded soul free from illusion. It embodies the supreme essence, aligning with concepts from Vedanta about ultimate spiritual freedom.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) Emancipation; a term signifying liberation or freedom.[29]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Parabrahman in local and regional sources

History Books

Parabrahman signifies the ultimate transcendent reality in Hindu philosophy, representing absolute consciousness. It is a fundamental concept for spiritual seekers, emphasizing the pursuit of this ultimate truth through discipline and devotion.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) A Sanskrit term denoting the ultimate reality or absolute consciousness, under which man takes refuge as suggested in the text.[30] (2) The ultimate, transcendent reality in Hindu philosophy, which one aspires to know through spiritual practice and discipline.[31]