Judge: 7 definitions
Introduction:
Judge means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Christianity. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. On this page you will also find search and cross-referencing tools.
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In Christianity
General definition (in Christianity)
: archive.org: Easton's Bible DictionaryJudge definition and references: (Heb. shophet, pl. shophetim), properly a magistrate or ruler, rather than one who judges in the sense of trying a cause. This is the name given to those rulers who presided over the affairs of the Israelites during the interval between the death of Joshua and the accession of Saul (Judges 2:18), a period of general anarchy and confusion. 鈥淭he office of judges or regents was held during life, but it was not hereditary, neither could they appoint their successors. Their authority was limited by the law alone, and in doubtful cases they were directed to consult the divine King through the priest by Urim and Thummim (Numbers 27:21). Their authority extended only over those tribes by whom they had been elected or acknowledged. There was no income attached to their office, and they bore no external marks of dignity. The only cases of direct divine appointment are those of Gideon and Samson, and the latter stood in the peculiar position of having been from before his birth ordained 鈥榯o begin to deliver Israel.鈥� Deborah was called to deliver Israel, but was already a judge. Samuel was called by the Lord to be a prophet but not a judge, which ensued from the high gifts the people recognized as dwelling in him; and as to Eli, the office of judge seems to have devolved naturally or rather ex officio upon him.鈥� Of five of the judges, Tola (Judges 10:1), Jair (3), Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon (12:8-15), we have no record at all beyond the bare fact that they were judges. Sacred history is not the history of individuals but of the kingdom of God in its onward progress.
In Exodus 2:14 Moses is so styled. This fact may indicate that while for revenue purposes the 鈥渢askmasters鈥� were over the people, they were yet, just as at a later time when under the Romans, governed by their own rulers.
: archive.org: Smith's Bible DictionaryJudges refers to:鈥擳he judges were temporary and special deliverers, sent by God to deliver the Israelites from their oppressors; not supreme magistrates, succeeding to the authority of Moses and Joshua. Their power only extended over portions of the country, and some of them were contemporaneous. Their first work was that of deliverers and leaders in war; they then administered justice to the people, and their authority supplied the want of a regular government. Even while the administration of Samuel gave something like a settled government to the south, there was scope for the irregular exploits of Samson on the borders of the Philistines; and Samuel at last established his authority as judge and prophet, but still as the servant of Jehovah, only to see it so abused by his sons as to exhaust the patience of the people, who at length demanded a king, after the pattern of the surrounding nations. The following is a list of judges, whose history is given under their respective names:鈥� First servitude, to Mesopotamia鈥� 8 years. First judge: Othniel. 40 years. Second servitude, to Moab鈥� 18 years. Second judge: Ehud; 80 years. Third judge: Shamgar.鈥�- Third servitude, to Jabin and Sisera鈥� 20 years. Fourth judge: Deborah and Barak. 40 years. Fourth servitude, to Midian鈥� 7 years. Fifth judge: Gideon; 40 years. Sixth judge: Abimelech; 3 years. Seventh judge: Tola; 23 years. Eighth judge: Jair. 22 years. Fifth servitude, to Ammon鈥� 18 years. Ninth judge: Jephthah; 6 years. Tenth judge: Ibzan; 7 years. Eleventh judge: Elon; 10 years. Twelfth judge: Abdon. 8 years. Sixth servitude, to the Philistines鈥� 40 years. Thirteenth judge: Samson 20 years. Fourteenth judge: Eli; 40 years. Fifteenth judge: Samuel. More than likely some of these ruled simultaneously. On the chronology of the judges, see the following article.
: archive.org: Nave's Topical BibleJudge definition and references: 鈥揂ppointed by the Persians Ezra 7:25
鈥揔ings and other rulers as 2 Samuel 8:15; 15:2; 1 Kings 3:16-28; 10:9; 2 Kings 8:1-6; Psalms 72:1-4; Matthew 27:11-26; Acts 23:34,35; 24; 25:11,12
鈥揚riests and Levites as Deuteronomy 17:9; 2 Chronicles 19:8; Ezekiel 44:23,24; Matthew 26:57-62
鈥揥omen as, Deborah Judges 4:4
鈥揌eld circuit courts 1 Samuel 7:16
鈥揝别别 Courts
鈥揝别别 Justice
鈥揝别别 Witness
鈥�Character Of, And Precepts Relating To Exodus 18:21,22; 22:9,28; Leviticus 19:15; Deuteronomy 1:12-17; 16:18-20; 17:8-11; 19:16-19; 25:1-3; 1 Samuel 2:25; 8:3; 1 Kings 3:9; 2 Chronicles 19:5-10; Psalms 58:1,2; 72:1,2,4,12-14; 82:2-4; Proverbs 24:23; Isaiah 5:22,23; 28:5,6; Ezekiel 44:24; Daniel 9:12; Micah 7:3; Zephaniah 3:3; John 7:24
鈥揝别别 Justice
鈥揝别别 Courts
鈥�Corrupt, Instances Of
鈥揈li鈥檚 sons 1 Samuel 2:12-17,22-25
鈥揝amuel鈥檚 sons 1 Samuel 8:1-5
鈥揟he judges of Jezreel 1 Kings 21:8-13
鈥扬颈濒补迟别 Matthew 27:24; Mark 15:15; with 15:19-24
鈥揊别濒颈虫 Acts 24:26,27
鈥�God As
鈥揝别别 God, Judge
鈥�Judges (Outstanding Leaders) Of Israel
鈥揇uring the time when the land was ruled by judges Judges 2:16-19; Acts 13:20
鈥�1. Othniel Judges 3:9-11
鈥�2. Ehud Judges 3:15-30
鈥�3. Shamgar Judges 3:31
鈥�4. Deborah Judges 4; 5
鈥�5. Gideon Judges 6:11-40; 7; 8
鈥�6. Abimelech Judges 9:1-54
鈥�7. Tola Judges 10:1,2
鈥�8. Jair Judges 10:3-5
鈥�9. Jephthah Judges 11; 12:1-7
鈥�10. Ibzan Judges 12:8-10
鈥�11. Elon Judges 12:11,12
鈥�12. Abdon Judges 12:13,14
鈥�13. Samson Judges 13; 14; 15; 16
鈥揈li led Israel 1 Samuel 4:18
鈥揝amuel as the leader (judge) 1 Samuel 7:6,15-17
鈥揟he sons of Samuel 1 Samuel 8:1-5
Judges refers to:鈥擳his name is applied to fifteen persons who at intervals presided over the affairs of the Israelites during the 450 years which elapsed from the death of Joshua to the accession of Saul. The station and office of these 'rulers of the people,' as the original literally signifies, are involved in great obscurity, partly from the want of clear intimations in the history in which their exploits and government are recorded, and partly from the absence of parallels in the history of other nations, by which our notions might be assisted. They may be briefly described as faithful men, who acted for the most part as agents of the Divine will, regents for the Invisible King of the chosen people; and who, holding their commission directly from Him, or with His sanction, would be more inclined to act as dependent vassals of Jehovah than kings, who, as members of royal dynasties, would come to reign with notions of independent rights and royal privileges, which would draw away their attention from their true place in the theocracy. In this greater dependence of the judges upon the Divine King we see the secret of their institution.
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: archive.org: Fausset's Bible DictionaryJudges refers to:鈥擬oses was the nation's judge after Israel left Egypt. At Jethro's suggestion, just before the giving of the Sinaitic law (Exodus 18; Deuteronomy 1:9, etc.), he appointed captains, rulers of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens, namely, the recognized heads of tribes or of chief houses in them, to judge at all seasons small matters, reserving the great ones for himself to decide, upon the principles which he should learn from God. These would number 78,600. But the elders (chosen from the elders who headed Israel in seeking freedom, and from the officers, the reluctant instruments of Egyptian tyranny: Exodus 3:16; Exodus 5:6, etc.), appointed Numbers 11:16, etc., were only seventy (the same number as had gone up with Moses unto the Lord in the mountain, Exodus 24), endued by God with the Spirit as Moses' council. This council fell into desuetude under the judges and kings; but after the monarchy the Sanhedrin was modeled on this prototype.
Regard to locality modified the genealogical principle of selection upon Israel's entrance into Canaan (Deuteronomy 16:18). The Levites, as the ultimate sources under God of jurisprudence, taught the people the law, to enable the judges and those judged to understand the right principle of decisions (Deuteronomy 17:8-13). The "judges" are mentioned Joshua 24:1. Their sacro-sanctity is marked by their bearing the designation "gods," as exercising some of God's delegated power: Psalms 82:1; Psalms 82:6; Exodus 21:6, Hebrew "gods" for "'judges," God being the source of all justice. The qualifications of a judge are given (Exodus 18:21), "able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness"; "not wresting judgment, not respecting persons, neither taking a gift" (so universal a practice with Eastern judges), Deuteronomy 16:19; "not respecting the person of the poor, nor honouring the person of the mighty" (Leviticus 19:15); "not afraid of the face of man, for the judgment is God's" (Deuteronomy 1:17).
Especially compare Jehoshaphat's charge to his judges (2 Chronicles 19:6-7). Judging was the only royal function, under the theocracy, which was committed to man, and being moreover in the hands of the people's natural leaders it held a very high place in popular estimation. The place of judgment was the open space before the gate, the place of public resort (Psalms 69:12; Proverbs 8:15).
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: archive.org: Hastings' Dictionary of the BibleJudges refers to:鈥擜n examination of Exodus 18:1-27 shows that the Hebrew word for to 鈥榡udge鈥� means originally to pronounce the oracle; thus, when we read of Moses sitting to 鈥榡udge the people鈥� ( Exodus 18:13 ), a reference to Exodus 18:15-16 shows that what is meant is the giving of Divine decisions: 鈥樏⑩偓娄 the people come unto me to inquire of God: when they have a matter they come unto me; and I judge between a man and his neighbour, and I make them know the statutes of God, and his laws鈥� (cf. Exodus 18:19-20 ). In the next place, the same chapter shows the word in process of receiving a wider application; owing to the increasing number of those who come to seek counsel, only specially difficult cases are dealt with by Moses, while the ordinary ones are deputed to the heads of the families, etc., to settle ( Exodus 18:25-26 ). A 鈥榡udge鈥� was therefore originally a priest who pronounced oracles; then the elders of the people became judges. But at an early period the functions of the 鈥榡udges,鈥� at any rate the more important of them, were exercised by a chief, chosen from among the elders probably on account of superior skill in warfare, an hereditary succession would, however, naturally tend to arise who was to all intents and purposes a king. So the probability is that those who are known as the 鈥榡udges鈥� in popular parlance were in reality kings in the ordinary sense of the word. In connexion with this it is interesting to note that in somewhat later times than those of the 鈥榡udges鈥� one of the main duties of the king was to judge, see e.g. 2聽Samuel 15:1-6 , 鈥樏⑩偓娄 there is no man deputed of the king to hear thee. Absalom said moreover, Oh that I were made judge in the land.芒鈧� And on this manner did Absalom to all Israel that came to the king for judgment鈥� (cf.
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See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: The, The, Bride Ministry Center, The, Eternal, the, Judge, Te.
Starts with: Judge Adams, Judgement of dreams, Judgement of dreams, Judgement of the planets.
Full-text (+1498): Hillel, Pradvivaka, Pirathon, Dharmasana, Othniel, Dharmadhikarin, Adhikaranika, Dharmadhikarana, Ibzan, Parikshaka, Ehud, Abdon, Tola, Shamgar, Abinoam, Akshadarshaka, Barak, Nyayadhisha, Dharmastha, Anath.
Relevant text
Search found 346 books and stories containing Judge, Judges, The judge; (plurals include: Judges, Judgeses, The judges). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Tanguturi Prakasam鈥檚 Exchanges with the Judges < [April 鈥� June, 2006]
Law Vs. Justice < [January 1958]
Rule of Law < [April 鈥� June, 2002]
A Dictionary of the Bible (Hastings) (by Andrew Robert Fausset)
Summa Theologica (English translation) (by St. Thomas Aquinas)
Question. 67 - Of the injustice of a judge, in judging (four articles) < [Treatise on the cardinal virtues]
Question. 69 - Of sins committed against justice on the part of the defendant (four articles) < [Treatise on the cardinal virtues]
Question. 89 - Of those who will judge and of those who will be judged at the general judgment (eight articles) < [Treatise on the last things]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 8.18 < [Section III - Constitution of the Court of Justice (continued)]
Verse 8.60 < [Section XII - Non-payment of debt]
Verse 8.19 < [Section III - Constitution of the Court of Justice (continued)]
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers (by Philip Schaff)
Chapter 6 - Of the Error of Human Judgments When the Truth is Hidden < [City of God]
Canon XCVII < [The Canons of the Synods of Sardica, Carthage, Constantinople, and Carthage Under St. Cyprian, Which Canons Were Received by the Council in Trullo and Ratified by II. Nice.]
Canon CXXII < [The Canons of the Synods of Sardica, Carthage, Constantinople, and Carthage Under St. Cyprian, Which Canons Were Received by the Council in Trullo and Ratified by II. Nice.]
Expositions of Holy Scripture (by Alexander Maclaren)
The condemnation which condemns the judges < [Mark]
Israel's obstinacy and god's patience < [Judges]
'a mirror for magistrates' < [Chronicles (second book)]