The concept of Judge in Christianity
Synonyms: Adjudicator, Magistrate, Arbiter, Critic, Umpire, Jurist, Justice, Examiner, Arbitrator
In Malay: Hakim; In Dutch: Rechter; In Finnish: Tuomari; In Spanish: Juez; In German: Richter; In Swedish: µþ±ð»åö³¾²¹; In French: Juge
The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.
Christian concept of 'Judge'
From: Ante-nicene Fathers
(1) These individuals were responsible for enforcing the emperor's directives, compelling people to make sacrifices and contributing to the widespread suffering during this period.[1] (2) This is the one who sets before us the judgment-seat and the distinction between good and bad works, as mentioned in the provided text.[2] (3) This is the one who commits to prison, and allows no release without the payment of the last mite, which the text discusses in relation to the Creator.[3] (4) The text references Jesus Christ as 'Judge', which is another term highlighting his authority, and it emphasizes his teachings on humility and respect, even in the face of disrespect towards religious figures.[4] (5) The text mentions the Judge in the context of those who surrender their life after a course of integrity, and discusses the rewards they might receive.[5]
From: Expositions of Holy Scripture
(1) This of all the earth must do right, and the text suggests to say this, and that if He does this, then it is right.[6] (2) This is someone who, for nations, all great crises of their history are comings of.[7] (3) The judges are instructed to take heed of their actions, as they judge not for man, but for the Lord, who is with them in the judgment.[8] (4) The judge is characteristically represented in the New Testament as being, not God the Father, but Jesus Christ, according to the text.[9] (5) The one that shall be 'ashamed' of such unworthy disciples, and shall blush to own such as His, and that may we venture to put stress on the fact that He does not say that He will reject them?[10]
From: A Dictionary of the Bible (Hastings)
(1) This period in time is when the Midianites invaded the territory of central Palestine in hordes, and they were defeated by Gideon and his three hundred men.[11] (2) Judges is a book or source that is referenced to describe the location of Issachar, specifically its original seat, and its participation in a war against Sisera.[12] (3) The era when the Philistines began to appear in Biblical history, which is mentioned within the context of the provided text.[13] (4) This is a role in the administration of justice, whether the head of the family, the elders, or the king, who has the authority to make decisions.[14] (5) Christians are also said to be this, and at the Judgment, sentences would be pronounced determining the eternal states of individuals, both men and angels, and the penalties included non-participation in the resurrection of the body, and suffering in hell.[15]
From: A Cyclopedia of Biblical literature
(1) This book is referenced in the text to provide historical context of the area, including events that occurred in Bethel.[16] (2) The judge is the person before whom Paul reasoned, and the context suggests that the judge expected a bribe from Paul.[17] (3) In 1:13, the phrase 'wandering stars' is employed figuratively, which is one of the ways that the celestial objects were studied and understood.[18] (4) The Judges are mentioned in the context of the narrative, serving as a contrast to the story of Ruth, providing a somber background to her story.[19] (5) This term is associated with the city of Askelon, which was a city of the Philistines, and was also the seat of one of their five states and was situated on the Mediterranean coast, between Gaza and Ashdod.[20]
From: Bible cyclopedia, critical and expository
(1) Judges is the period when a famine occurred, during which Elimelech and Naomi migrated to Moab, and the book of Ruth is considered a historical supplement to Judges.[21] (2) The judges, as mentioned in the text.[22] (3) This is a book in the Bible that mentions the city of Dan and its relation to Beersheba, indicating the expanse of the entire land, including references to the Danites.[23] (4) The judges chosen from the elders were the foundation of the judicial body, and Jehoshaphat set judges in several cities and a supreme court in Jerusalem for references and appeals.[24] (5) The judges are mentioned in Joshua 24:1, and their designation as "gods" highlights their role as exercising some of God's delegated power.[25]
From: The Complete Sayings of Jesus
(1) This is a person who is in charge of a court of law, who is in charge of the justice system.[26]
From: Summa Theologica (English translation)
(1) The judge is referenced in the context of punishment, acting justly in condemning both for the same crimes to the same punishment, which is a comparison to the disposition of the person punished.[27] (2) This individual is positioned within the Church and holds a specific role in determining matters related to it, according to the provided context.[28] (3) The individual presiding over the judgment, and the sight of the judge will cause the evil deeds of the judged to stand before their eyes.[29] (4) The one who pronounces judgment on another, either by authority or by announcing the verdict already given.[30] (5) The person in charge of a trial, and is the superior in relation to the person whom he judges, and the accused is in duty bound to tell the judge the truth.[31]
From: The city of God
(1) The individuals appointed over the people from the time they received the land of promise, before kings began to rule, as the text mentions.[32] (2) The judges were the leaders who came after Moses and Joshua, during a time when prosperity alternated with adversity, depending on the people's sins.[33]
From: The Little Flowers of St. Francis
(1) This is the person whom St. Francis beseeched for mercy on behalf of his friars, after they fell.[34]
From: The Existence and Attributes of God
(1) The judge is responsible for his security, standing by to countenance and secure him in the actions he is performing.[35]
Gnostic concept of 'Judge'
From: Pistis Sophia
(1) The servitors of the judges of the rulers make frequent haste to take those souls.[36] (2) This is the Virgin of Light, who proves the soul and finds it to be a sinning soul.[37] (3) This is the Virgin of Light, who assesses the soul's actions after it leaves the body; her judgment is pivotal in determining the soul's fate, particularly if it has not found the mysteries.[38]
From: Fragments of a Faith Forgotten
(1) The judge is the chief of the world-building powers, as mentioned in the text, and is part of the explanation of the doctrine of rebirth, where the soul is judged.[39] (2) This is the Virgin of Light who judges the soul, and is referenced in a saying about being delivered to her.[40]
From: The Gnostics and Their Remains
(1) The role of the Virgin of Light, who tries the soul and decides its fate based on its sins and actions.[41]