Ahara as depicted in the Pancanikaya
by Le Chanh | 2010 | 101,328 words
This is a critical study of Ahara and its importance as depicted in the Pancanikaya (Pancha Nikaya).鈥擳he concept of Ahara (鈥渇ood鈥�) in the context of Buddhism encompasses both physical and mental nourishment. The Panca Nikaya represents the five collections (of discourses) of the Sutta Pitaka within Buddhist literature. The present study emphasizes ...
8. Mahatanhasamkhaya-sutta (鈥淭he Destruction of Craving鈥�)
Text 8: Mahatanhasamkhayasutta "Cattarome, bhikkhave, ahara bhutanam va sattanam thitiya, sambhavesinam va anuggahaya. Katame cattaro? Kabalikaro aharo olariko va sukhumo va, phasso dutiyo, manosancetana tatiya, vinnanam catuttham. "Ime ca, bhikkhave, cattaro ahara kimnidana kimsamudaya kinjatika kimpabhava? "Ime cattaro ahara tanhanidana tanhasamudaya tanhajatika tanhapabhava. "Tanha cayam, bhikkhave, kimnidana kimsamudaya kimjatika kimpabhava? "Tanha vedananidana vedanasamudaya vedanajatika vedanapabhava. "Vedana cayam, bhikkhave, kimnidana kimsamudaya kimjatika kimpabhava? "Vedana phassanidana phassasamudaya phassajatika phassapabhava. "Phasso cayam, bhikkhave, kimnidano kimsamudayo kimjatiko kimpabhavo? "Phasso salayatananidano salayatanasamudayo salayatanajatiko salayatanapabhavo. "Salayatanam cidam, bhikkhave, kimnidanam kimsamudayam kimjatikam kimpabhavam? "Salayatanam namarupanidanam namarupasamudayam namarupajatikam namarupapabhavam. "Namarupam cidam, bhikkhave, kimnidanam kimsamudayam kimjatikam kimpabhavam?
311 "Namarupam vinnananidanam vinnanasamudayam vinnanajatikam vinnanapabhavan. "Vinnanam cidam, bhikkhave, kimnidanam kimsamudayam kimjatikam kimpabhavam? "Vinnanam sankharanidanam sankharasamudayam samkharajatikam sankharapabhavam. "Sankhara cime, bhikkhave, kimnidana kimsamudaya kimjatika kimpabhava? "Sankhara avijjanidana avijjasamudaya avijjajatika avijjapabhava. "Iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjapaccaya samkhara, samkharapaccaya vinnanam, vinnanapaccaya namarupam, namarupapaccaya salayatanam, salayatanapaccaya phasso, phassapaccaya vedana, vedanapaccaya tanha, tanhapaccaya upadanam, upadanapaccaya bhavo, bhavapaccaya jati, jatipaccaya jaramaranam sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupayasa sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti." (Majjhimanikaya, I, 261, Mahatanhasamkhayasutta, sutta No. 38.) The Destruction of Craving (Greater) "Monks, these four (forms of) nutriment are for the maintenance of creatures that have come to be or for the assistance of those seeking birth. What are the four? Material nutriment, whether coarse or fine, sensory impingement is the second, mental striving is the third, consciousness is the fourth. And of these four (forms of) nutriment, monks, what is the provenance, what the source, what the birth, what the origin? These four (forms of) nutriment, monks, have craving as provenance, craving as source, craving as birth, craving as origin. And, monks, what is the provenance of this craving, what the source, what the birth, what the origin? Feeling is the provenance of craving, feeling is the source of craving, feeling is the birth of craving, and feeling is the origin of craving. And what, monks, is the provenance of feelings, what the source, what the birth, what the origin? Sensory impingement is the provenance ... the source the birth sensory impingement is the origin of feeling. And what, monks, is the provenance of sensory impingement the birth ... sensory ... ... what the source ... impingement is the origin of sensory impingement? The six (sensory) spheres are the provenance... the source ... the birth ... the six (sensory) spheres are the origin of sensory impingement. And what, monks, is the provenance of the six (sensory) spheres... what the source... what the birth... what the origin of the six (sensory) spheres? Psychophysicality 535 is the provenance... the source... is the provenance ... the source .. the birth... the origin of the six (sensory) spheres. And what, monks, is the provenance of psycho-physicality... what the source ... 535 Nama-rupa, name-and-shape.
312 ... what the birth ... what the origin of psycho-physicality? Consciousness is the provenance ... the source the birth, Consciousness is the origin of psycho-physicality. And what, monks, is the provenance of consciousness... the source ... the birth ... what the origin of Consciousness? The karma-formations are the provenance ... the source ... the birth ... the karma-formations are the origin of Consciousness. And what, monks, is the provenance of the karma-informations what the source what the birth... what the origin of the karma-informations? Ignorance is the provenance ... the source ... the birth ... ignorance is the origin of the karma-informations. ... So it is, monks, that conditioned by ignorance are the karma-informations; conditioned by the karma-informations is consciousness; conditioned by consciousness is psycho-physicality; conditioned by psycho-physicality are the six (sensory) spheres; conditioned by the six (sensory) spheres is sensory impingement; conditioned by sensory impingement is feeling; conditioned by feeling is craving; conditioned by craving is grasping; conditioned by grasping is becoming; conditioned by becoming is birth; conditioned by birth, aging and dying, grief, sorrow, suffering, lamentation and despair come into being. Such is the arising of this entire mass of anguish." (Tran. I.B. Horner, The Collection of the Middle Sayings, vol. I, PTS, p.316-319.)