Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön | 2001 | 941,039 words
This page describes “legend of mara and the buddha at the brahmin village shala� as written by Nagarjuna in his Maha-prajnaparamita-sastra (lit. “the treatise on the great virtue of wisdom�) in the 2nd century. This book, written in five volumes, represents an encyclopedia on Buddhism as well as a commentary on the Pancavimsatisahasrika Prajnaparamita.
Appendix 4 - The legend of and the Buddha at the brahmin village Ś
Note: This Appendix relates to �Buddha’s journey to Ś� extracted from Chapter XIV part 4.
In the Sanskrit and Chinese sources, this brahmin village is called Ś; in the sources, ʲñ ‘the five trees�; it was a place in Magadha (ṃyܳٳٲ). The Buddha came there during the visitors� festival (ṇaԾ) during which the young boys and the young girls exchanged gifts. The villagers refused alms to the Buddha because they were possessed (Ա屹ṭṭ) by pāpimat. The Mppś is the only slightly more expanded source that passes over the action of in silence. The other texts refer to a twofold conversation between and the Buddha, but their story is somewhat incoherent. The version of the ṃyܳٳٲ is evidently disordered and that of the Tsa a han is preferable. Here is how the order of events may be restored: When the Buddha was returning with an empty bowl, went to find him and asked: “Has the monk received alms?�
The Buddha replied: “It is you, O Evil One, who has prevented people from giving alms�, and he added this stanza (ṃyܳٳٲ, I, p 114; Tsa a han, p. 288a):
ññ� pasavi Māro � na me 貹� vipaccati.
“� has committed an evil deed, an offence against the ղٳ岵ٲ: do you think, O Evil One, that your sin will not bear friut for you?�
Then invited the Buddha to return to the village. The Dhammapadaṭṭha, III, p. 258, assumes that his intention was to ridicule (ḷi) the Buddha, but the canonical sources are precise: promises to force the inhabitants to give him alms: �� 첹峾 ⲹٳ 辱ṇḍ� lacchati.� What is the reason for this about-face? This is given by the Tseng yi a han. hopes that the Buddha and his monks, overwhelmed by the gifts of the villagers, would become attached to these benefits and, no longer knowing how to deal with luxury, would always seek for more sensory pleasures.
But the Buddha, reading the intentions of the Evil One, refused by the following stanza (ṃyܳٳٲ, I, p. 114; Tsa a han, p. 288a):
ܲܰ� vata jīvāma yeṣa� no � Ābhassarā ⲹٳ ti.
“In perfect joy we live, we who possess nothing. Joy will be our food like the radiant gods.�
The A tu wang tchouan (p. 119b) has a slightly different stanza:
“Those who rejoice without having an abundance have a calm, light, active body. If in regard to food and drink, one does not have desirous thoughts, one’s mind does not cease to be joyous, like the Ā gods� (tr. Przyluski).
These stanzas are missing in the Tseng yi a han version (p. 772). The Buddha simply reproaches for having prevented the villagers from giving him alms and recalls that a similar mishap had previously occurred in the Bhadrakalpa to the Buddha Krakucchanda who was depending on this city with his 40,000 disciples. pledged the population to refuse to give them any alms. When his monks returned with their empty bowls, Krakucchanda asked them to spurn the four types of human food (첹ḍīk , 貹ś, Բḥsṃcٲ, ñԲ: cf. ś, III, p. 119) and seek only the five kinds of superhuman food (Բ, ṇiԲ, ṛt, ǰṣa, īپ). then invited the monks to return to the village and, against their will, he overwhelmed them with alms.
Krakucchanda then addressed a sermon to his monks:
“Material benefits cause one to fall into the evil destinies and prevent one from attaining ṃsṛt (or Ծṇa)� The monks who are attached to gain do not realize the fivefold ⲹ� One must prevent the arising of the notion of profit…�
turned about and disappeared.