Evaluation of diseased molars in smokers using Miller–McEntire Index
Journal name: Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Original article title: Prospective evaluation of periodontally diseased molars in smokers using the Miller–McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology (JISP) publishes original scientific articles on periodontology (the study of supporting structures of teeth) and oral implantology. It is a bimonthly open-access journal with special issues for specific occasions.
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Original source:
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Dharmarajan Gopalakrishnan, Preston Dallas Miller, Amit Vasant Mahuli, Sidharthan Sangamithra, Prathip Phantumvanit, Borvornwut Buranawat
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology:
(A bimonthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Prospective evaluation of periodontally diseased molars in smokers using the Miller–McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index
Year: 2018 | Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_272
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study aimed to develop a validated periodontal prognostic score specifically for diseased molars in smokers, utilizing the Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index (MMPPI). Conducted over two years, the research analyzed 200 molars from 25 patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis. By examining various factors such as age, probing depth, mobility, furcation involvement, and smoking habits, the study sought to assess their impact on molar survival, ultimately confirming the need for a detailed smoking criterion within the prognostic framework.
Significance of Smoking in Periodontal Prognosis
One of the pivotal findings of this study was the significant impact of smoking on the prognosis of molar survival. Smoking was calculated to have a hazard risk ratio of 3.35, indicating that increased smoking levels elevated the risk of tooth loss. The study adopted a novel, five-level scoring criterion for smoking, which provided a more nuanced assessment compared to the binary categorization used in previous studies. This tailored approach underlined the importance of addressing smoking habits in periodontal treatment and provided a clearer connection between smoking intensity and the health outcomes of molars.
Conclusion
The findings confirmed that smoking, along with mobility and furcation involvement, plays a crucial role in the survival of periodontally diseased molars. Effective smoking cessation, supported by counseling, greatly contributed to the prognosis, with 89.5% of participants having quit smoking by the end of the study. The validation of the MMPPI, particularly the refined smoking score, emphasizes the need for continued efforts in smoking cessation to enhance periodontal outcomes, thereby highlighting the relationship between patient habits and dental health. Further research is warranted to strengthen these findings and explore their generalizability in broader populations.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the purpose of the 2-year study?
The study aimed to determine a statistically validated periodontal prognostic score for diseased molars in smokers using the Miller-McEntire Periodontal Prognostic Index (MMPPI), assessing factors affecting molar survival.
What factors were evaluated for the periodontal prognosis?
Factors included age, probing depth, mobility, furcation involvement, smoking, and molar type, with a detailed five-level scoring criterion for smoking based on smoking dose.
What were the main findings related to molar survival?
Only 1.5% of molars were extracted over two years. Significant risk factors identified were mobility, smoking, and furcation involvement, validating the MMPPI's prognostic value for molar survival.
How effective was the smoking cessation counseling in the study?
89.5% of patients were able to quit smoking by the 2-year mark, indicating the effectiveness of the smoking cessation counseling provided throughout the study.
What conclusion was drawn regarding smoking's impact on molar survival?
Smoking was confirmed as a significant factor affecting molar survival. Effective smoking cessation strategies can lead to improved periodontal prognosis for molar teeth.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Evaluation of diseased molars in smokers using Miller–McEntire Index�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The study refers to a structured research investigation aimed at understanding the prognosis of periodontally diseased molars in smokers. It utilizes a prospective survival analysis over two years. The implications of such studies are critical for developing effective treatment strategies and enhancing patient outcomes in dental health.
2) Table:
The term 'Table' likely refers to the summarized data representations within the research article, showcasing key findings, statistics, and relationships noted during the study. Data presented in tables facilitate easier analysis and comprehension of complex results, allowing readers to grasp trends and significances in the research outcomes effectively.
3) Disease:
In this context, 'disease' pertains to chronic periodontitis, a significant oral condition examined in the study. Understanding disease mechanisms is essential for effective treatment planning and risk assessment in dental care, contributing to the overall objective of improving oral health and patient prognoses in periodontal conditions.
4) Patil:
Patil refers to Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, the institution where the study was conducted. The credibility of the study is associated with the reputation of such institutions, which play a crucial role in advancing dental research and providing clinical care, benefiting both students and patients.
5) Visit:
Visits in this study denote the scheduled patient appointments for treatment and follow-up evaluations. Regular visits are essential for monitoring patient progress, administering periodontal therapies, and reinforcing behavioral changes such as smoking cessation, which greatly influence long-term dental health and treatment success rates.
6) Reliability:
Reliability in research refers to the consistency and dependability of the findings. High reliability of the MMPPI score, established in the study, enhances its applicability in clinical settings, ensuring that dental practitioners can depend on the results for accurate assessments and treatment decisions regarding periodontal health.
7) Observation:
Observation pertains to the systematic monitoring of patients over the study period to collect vital data concerning periodontal health and treatment outcomes. Careful observation enhances understanding of disease progression, treatment efficacy, and long-term prognoses, supplying insights for future research and improving dental practices.
8) Bleeding:
Bleeding in relation to periodontal health indicates the presence of inflammation, often assessed during examinations. Understanding bleeding patterns aids in evaluating the severity of periodontal conditions. Tracking bleeding on probing serves as a significant prognostic factor in determining treatment efficiency and the overall health of periodontal tissues.
9) Nature:
In this research, 'nature' refers to the intrinsic characteristics and behaviors of chronic periodontitis, particularly in relation to smokers. Understanding the nature of the disease allows clinicians to develop tailored treatment plans, address specific risks, and ultimately aim for improved health outcomes and quality of life for patients.
10) Inflammation:
Inflammation denotes the body’s response to infection or irritation, key in periodontal disease assessment. The presence of inflammation is significant for diagnosing chronic periodontitis, as it emphasizes the importance of treatment interventions. Effectively managing inflammation can lead to better patient health outcomes and reduced periodontal disease progression.
11) Perception:
Perception relates to how smokers view their oral health and the implications of smoking on periodontal disease. Addressing patient perception is crucial for implementing effective education and counseling strategies, reinforcing the significance of behavioral changes like smoking cessation in improving dental health and long-term survival of molars.
12) Discussion:
Discussion in the study encompasses the interpretation of results relative to previous research. It provides context and insights into the implications of findings, promoting a deeper understanding of how specific factors like smoking, mobility, and furcation involvement influence periodontal prognosis, and highlighting areas for further study.
13) Education:
Education emphasizes the role of informing and training patients about periodontal health, particularly concerning smoking cessation strategies. Effective education during dental visits can empower patients, promoting adherence to treatment plans and resulting in better health outcomes, as they understand the ramifications of neglecting oral hygiene practices.
14) Relative:
Relative denotes the comparative relationships and significance between the various prognostic factors assessed in the study, such as smoking and mobility. Understanding these relations aids clinicians in prioritizing treatment strategies that target the most impactful risk factors for improving periodontal health outcomes.
15) Account:
Account refers to the systematic recording and documentation of patient data throughout the study. Such accounts are crucial for tracking changes over time, evaluating treatment effectiveness, and ensuring that the information collected is reliable and comprehensively conveys the patient’s periodontal condition and response to therapies.
16) Hygiene (Hygienic):
Hygiene relates to the importance of maintaining proper oral care practices among patients. Emphasizing hygiene reinforces the critical role it plays in preventing periodontal disease progression and supports the study’s findings that effective oral hygiene, along with treatment, significantly improves patient outcomes and oral health sustainability.
17) Reason:
Reason pertains to the justification for conducting the study, which was to assess periodontal prognostic factors in smokers. Understanding underlying reasons promotes justification in research goals, outlines the importance of findings in clinical practice, and addresses healthcare needs that drive further investigation and patient care improvements.
18) Pune:
Pune refers to the location of the research, a city in India housing the Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital where the study was performed. The geographical context is relevant as it can influence patient demographics, access to dental care, and cultural attitudes toward oral health and hygiene.
19) Hand:
Hand relates to the practical aspects of dental care, such as the skills and techniques applied by dentists during evaluations and treatments. Hands-on experience in periodontal therapies is vital for managing complex conditions effectively, emphasizing the importance of professional training and clinical expertise in patient care.
20) Pur:
Poor describes the unfavorable conditions of periodontal health observed in chronic periodontitis patients. Recognizing the challenges associated with poor hygiene and smoking emphasizes the need for targeted interventions and educational efforts to improve patient compliance, ultimately aiming to enhance health outcomes and overall quality of life.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Evaluation of diseased molars in smokers using Miller–McEntire Index�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Long-term follow-up, Chronic periodontitis, Probing depth, Treatment procedure, Maintenance therapy, Supportive periodontal therapy, Clinical attachment loss, Risk Ratio, Clinical health, Smoking Cessation Counseling.