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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淎YUSH immune-boosting plants' network pharmacology vs. COVID-19鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
A systematic investigation aimed at understanding the effects of the AYUSH recommended herbal tea and golden milk on immune modulation to prevent diseases like COVID-19. The study employs various in-silico methods, including simulations and data analysis, to gather evidence supporting traditional herbal formulations in improving health outcomes through immune enhancement.

2) Disease:
Refers to an abnormal condition of the body or mind that adversely affects the overall functioning. Diseases can be infectious or non-infectious and often necessitate enhanced immune response, especially in vulnerable populations. This study focuses on the effects of herbal formulations on disease prevention, specifically against COVID-19.

3) Ayus (Ayush):
Stands for Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy, which are traditional systems of medicine in India. The Ministry of AYUSH promotes these scientific traditions for enhancing health and wellness. The relevance of AYUSH in this context relates to its recommendations for herbal remedies to boost immunity against infections.

4) Gold (Golden):
In this context, refers to 'golden milk,' a traditional Ayurvedic drink that typically contains turmeric (Curcuma longa) and milk. Golden milk is known for its anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties, thereby playing a crucial role in the study of Ayurvedic formulations aimed at preventing or mitigating the effects of viral infections.

5) Milk:
A nutrient-rich fluid produced by mammals, often used in various dietary forms, including golden milk when combined with turmeric. Milk serves as a carrier for active compounds and enhances the bioavailability of phytonutrients. Its use in traditional medicine contributes to the immune-boosting claims that are being scientifically evaluated.

6) Drug:
Refers to substances used for medical treatment, whether natural or synthetic. In the context of the study, the pharmacological properties of herbal ingredients are examined to determine their potential as effective drugs for boosting immunity and countering diseases like COVID-19 through natural compounds derived from plants.

7) Inflammation:
A biological response of the body's immune system to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, irritants, or damaged cells. Chronic inflammation is linked to various diseases, including COVID-19. The herbal formulations discussed in the study aim to mitigate inflammatory responses, thereby supporting overall immune function and health.

8) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
An ancient system of medicine originating from India, focusing on balancing bodily systems through diet, herbal treatment, yoga, and meditation. This study leverages Ayurvedic principles to explore how traditional herbal teas and remedies can enhance immunity and combat diseases, particularly in the context of COVID-19.

9) Patil:
Refers to one of the authors involved in the study. The inclusion of researchers' names highlights collaborative efforts in scientific inquiry. Contributions from diverse academic backgrounds are essential for the comprehensive evaluation of traditional medicines, ensuring rigor and credibility in the findings related to herbal formulations.

10) Pharmacology:
The branch of medicine that focuses on the uses, effects, and mechanisms of action of drugs. This study utilizes pharmacological analysis to explore the interaction of bioactive compounds in herbs and their potential mechanisms to enhance immune response, validating traditional claims from Ayurvedic practices with scientific rigor.

11) Activity:
In a scientific context, refers to the measurable effect of a compound, particularly how it influences biological systems. This study evaluates the immune-boosting activity of herbal formulations, indicating their potential effectiveness in mediating immune responses and providing evidence for traditional medicine.

12) Table:
Refers to a structured format presenting data or information clearly. In scientific papers, tables summarize findings such as the number of phytoconstituents identified and their pharmacological activities, enabling efficient comparison and analysis of results, which is essential for interpreting the efficacy of the studied herbal formulations.

13) Viti:
Refers to the genus name for grapes, specifically Vitis vinifera, which is included in the herbal formulations studied for its benefits. Grapes and their extracts have been studied for various health benefits, including antioxidant properties. Their contribution adds to the synergistic effect of the herbal remedy being researched for immunity.

14) Vitis vinifera:
The scientific name for the common grape vine. Known for its antioxidant-rich components, grapes contribute to health benefits such as improved heart health and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examines its role in immune modulation through traditional herbal formulations that include Vitis vinifera.

15) Science (Scientific):
The systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge through observation and experimentation. This study embodies scientific principles by integrating research methodologies to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic herbal formulations in promoting immune health.

16) Tulsi:
Also known as Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum), a revered herb in Ayurveda noted for its medicinal properties, including antioxidant and immune-boosting effects. The study evaluates Tulsi's contribution to the herbal formulations as a key ingredient thought to enhance the body's defenses against infections.

17) Viru:
Refers to viruses, which are microorganisms that can cause various infections, including COVID-19. The study aims to explore how herbal formulations can help in combating viral infections by boosting immune responses and modulating pathways critical for fighting viruses like SARS-CoV-2.

18) Zingiber officinale:
The scientific name for ginger, a medicinal plant known for its anti-inflammatory properties. In the study, Zingiber officinale is a significant ingredient of the herbal remedies being analyzed for their potential to enhance immunity and alleviate symptoms associated with various viral infections.

19) Cinnamon:
A spice derived from the inner bark of trees from the genus Cinnamomum, widely recognized for its medicinal properties and health benefits, including anti-inflammatory effects. The inclusion of cinnamon in the studied herbal formulations is aimed at boosting immune function and fighting infections.

20) Blood:
Essential for transporting nutrients and oxygen throughout the body, blood plays a critical role in immune response. The study investigates how the herbal formulations can enhance blood health and improve the immune capabilities that are vital in combating diseases like COVID-19.

21) Life:
Referring to health and wellbeing, the study emphasizes promoting life quality through traditional medicine. By investigating the positive effects of herbal formulations on immunity, the research aims to support healthier lifestyles, particularly in the context of preventing infections and enhancing overall health.

22) Ocimum sanctum:
The scientific name for Tulsi, a prized plant in Ayurveda with strong immune-boosting capabilities. This study recognizes Ocimum sanctum as a vital herbal component, assessing its impacts on health and its role in formulating effective remedies against various diseases, including COVID-19.

23) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Refers to substances that prevent bacterial growth or kill bacteria. While the study primarily focuses on immune enhancement, the antibacterial properties of herbal ingredients offer additional health benefits, which may complement their antiviral action against pathogens such as those causing respiratory infections.

24) Irritation:
Refers to a painful or uncomfortable sensation that may arise when tissues are inflamed or injured. The study evaluates the potential irritative effects of herbal constituents, especially in the context of respiratory system health, where minimizing irritation can reduce symptoms associated with infections.

25) Suffering:
Refers to physical or mental distress experienced due to disease or health conditions. The goal of the study is to provide evidence that traditional herbal formulations can alleviate suffering by boosting the immune system, thereby helping individuals cope better with infections like COVID-19.

26) Toxicity:
Refers to the degree to which a substance can cause harm to organisms. The study assesses the potential toxicity of phytoconstituents within the herbal formulations to ensure safety in their use for immune enhancement without adverse effects for those seeking natural remedies.

27) Quality:
In the context of health and medicine, quality refers to the standard of efficacy and safety of herbal formulations. The study aims to evaluate not just the biological impacts of these formulations on immunity, but also their overall quality as effective health interventions.

28) Family:
A taxonomic rank in biology, referring to a group of related organisms. The relationship among plant families and their respective herbal constituents examined in this study helps identify shared properties that may contribute to the formulations' therapeutic effects on immune enhancement.

29) Nature:
Refers to the natural world and its resources. The study emphasizes utilizing natural ingredients in traditional medicine, aligning with the principles of Ayurvedic practice. Understanding the healing properties of nature supports the search for effective, natural remedies for improving health and immunity.

30) Reason:
In scientific discourse, reason pertains to the rationale underlying research. This study provides reasons and evidence for using herbal formulations as immune boosters, justifying their effectiveness based on traditional knowledge and modern scientific validation.

31) Powder:
In this context, likely refers to powdered herbal constituents used in formulations, such as the turmeric powder in golden milk. The preparation of powders allows easier incorporation into dietary practices, facilitating the consumption of medicinal properties inherent in plant materials.

32) Kappa:
Refers to kappa B (NF-kB), a critical signaling protein involved in cellular responses to inflammation and immune response. The study explores herbal formulations' potential to modulate pathways involving kappa B, highlighting their role in improving immune function and controlling inflammatory processes.

33) Mason:
Refers to an author or contributor, lending credibility to the study findings. Collaboration among researchers, including Mason, is critical in conducting thorough and multidisciplinary approaches to investigating the health benefits of herbal medicines in the context of immune modulation.

34) Chand:
One of the authors associated with the study, indicating a collaborative effort in research. The inclusion of various experts like Chand enhances the robustness of the study as it brings different perspectives and expertise in evaluating the effects of traditional herbal formulations.

35) Food:
Refers to substances consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. The study investigates how food, particularly through items like herbal teas and golden milk, can function as medicinal formulations that contribute to better health and enhanced immune responses.

36) Pain:
Refers to physical discomfort experienced due to disease or injury. This study may also address how herbal formulations can alleviate pain associated with various infections, as some phytoconstituents are known for their analgesic properties, contributing to overall well-being.

37) Curcuma longa:
The scientific name for turmeric, a primary ingredient in traditional herbal remedies known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The study assesses how Curcuma longa enhances the efficacy of the herbal formulations aimed at boosting immunity and combating infections.

38) Peer review:
A process where scientific work is evaluated by experts in the field before publication. Peer review is critical for validating the study findings, ensuring that the research on AYUSH herbal formulations is rigorous, accurate, and contributes valuable knowledge to the scientific community.

39) Ficus benghalensis:
The scientific name for the banyan tree, known for its medicinal properties. While not a primary focus in this study, its inclusion highlights the diverse range of plants considered for their health benefits, potentially contributing to the efficacy of herbal formulations in boosting immunity.

40) Pharmacological:
Refers to the study and application of drugs and their effects on biological systems. The pharmacological assessment of herbal components in this study emphasizes their potential mechanisms of action for enhancing immunity, bridging traditional knowledge with scientific inquiry.

41) Discussion:
An integral section of scientific papers where findings are explored and interpreted. The discussion in this study assesses the implications of results regarding the efficacy of herbal formulations for immunity, drawing connections to existing literature and potential clinical applications.

42) Substance:
An element or compound considered in pharmacological studies. The study investigates specific substances from herbal sources that may elicit immune-modulatory effects. Identifying these substances aids in understanding how traditional remedies can offer therapeutic benefits against diseases like COVID-19.

43) Composing:
Refers to the action of combining different elements to create a whole, like various plant extracts in herbal formulations. In this study, composing multiple herbal ingredients aims to utilize the synergistic effects of their bioactive compounds to enhance overall immunity and health.

44) Medicine:
Refers to substances or practices used to treat or prevent disease. The study evaluates the efficacy of traditional herbal medicines from the AYUSH framework for boosting immunity, focusing on scientific validation of their health-promoting properties.

45) Turmeric:
A spice derived from the Curcuma longa plant, widely renowned for its medicinal properties. In this study, turmeric's role as an active ingredient in golden milk is evaluated for its potential to augment immune responses and provide protective effects against infection.

46) Shunthi (Sunthi, Sumthi, Shumthi):
Refers to dried ginger (Zingiber officinale), which has traditional uses in herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. Its inclusion in herbal formulations supports the study's goal of examining how such ingredients can enhance immunity and prevent disease.

47) Siddha:
Refers to one of the traditional systems of medicine in India that emphasizes the healing properties of natural substances. The study's inclusion of Siddha practices highlights a broader context of how traditional medicine systems collaborate to improve health, particularly in immune modulation.

48) Cancer:
A group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. This study addresses the immunological pathways that could be affected by herbal formulations, considering how enhancing immunity may play a role in cancer prevention and treatment implications.

49) India:
The country of origin for the AYUSH systems of medicine. The study draws on traditional knowledge from India, legitimizing the relevance of its natural resources and medicinal practices in contemporary health strategies, especially during public health crises like COVID-19.

50) Death:
The cessation of all biological functions that sustain life. The study emphasizes the importance of immune modulation to prevent severe diseases and associated complications, aiming to protect vulnerable populations from mortality due to infections like COVID-19.

51) Yoga:
A physical, mental, and spiritual practice originating from ancient India. It is often integrated with Ayurveda for holistic health benefits. The study implies a comprehensive approach to health and well-being by leveraging both dietary and mindfulness practices in enhancing immunity.

52) Post:
In the context of scientific literature, refers to the publication of findings disseminated widely. This study aims to share insights on the effectiveness of herbal formulations to bolster immunity post-viral infection, contributing to the knowledge base in integrative medicine.

53) Pir:
Refers to peers in the scientific community who review research. An essential part of the scientific method, peer review ensures the credibility and accuracy of the study findings on AYUSH herbal formulations, guiding future research directions in traditional medicine.