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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淎 Study on Structural Changes in Joints of Hand w.s.r. to Amavata鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Amavata (Ama-vata):
Amavata is a chronic disease characterized by the vitiation of Vata and the presence of Ama circulating in the body. It causes joint pain and swelling, and can be correlated with rheumatoid arthritis in modern medical terms.

2) Disease:
In the context of Amavata, a disease refers to an ailment that disrupts normal body functions and presents specific symptoms and signs, affecting the joints and leading to conditions like inflammation and structural damage.

3) Swelling:
Swelling is a common symptom in Amavata, indicating inflammation of the joints. For instance, soft tissue swelling is one of the early radiological changes observed in patients with this disease.

4) Sandhi (Shandhi, Samdhi):
Sandhi refers to joints in the body. In Amavata, the condition primarily affects various Sandhis, such as the wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and interphalangeal joints, leading to pain and structural changes.

5) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease with symptoms similar to Amavata in Ayurveda. It involves long-lasting joint inflammation, painful deformities, and affects various joints including the wrist and fingers.

6) Inflammation:
Inflammation in Amavata is a result of synovial membrane irritation and swelling. This causes joint pain, redness, and leads to progressive damage over time, as observed in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

7) Vata:
Vata is one of the doshas in Ayurveda, and its vitiation along with Ama causes Amavata. It is responsible for bodily movements and functions, with its imbalance leading to symptoms like joint pain and stiffness.

8) Srivastava (Shri-vastava, Shrivastava, Sri-vastava):
[see source text or glossary: Srivastava]

9) Bhatnagar:
[see source text or glossary: Bhatnagar]

10) Manibandha (Mani-bandha, Manibamdha):
Manibandha refers to the wrist joint in Ayurveda. In the study of Amavata, structural changes such as joint space narrowing and bone erosion were found in the Manibandha joint.

11) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian science of medicine. The study on Amavata derives its principles from Ayurvedic texts, aiming to understand and treat the disease through holistic approaches.

12) Kapha:
Kapha is another dosha in Ayurveda, often paired with Vata in the context of Amavata. Individuals with Kapha-vata prakriti (constitution) are more prone to developing this disease due to the combined imbalances.

13) Angamarda (Anga-marda, Amgamarda):
Angamarda refers to body aches and is an associated symptom of Amavata. It indicates widespread pain beyond the affected joints, contributing to the overall discomfort experienced by patients.

14) Anguli (Amguli):
Anguli refers to the fingers. In the context of Amavata, it includes the interphalangeal joints which are susceptible to inflammation, swelling, and structural changes such as joint space narrowing.

15) Pitta:
Pitta is the dosha responsible for metabolism and heat in the body. In Amavata, it can cause inflammation of the synovial membrane, producing symptoms like Daha (burning sensation) and fever.

16) Daha:
Daha refers to a burning sensation and is one of the inflammatory symptoms seen in Amavata. It's associated with the vitiation of the Pitta dosha, contributing to the overall discomfort in the joints.

17) Shalyatantra (Salyatantra, Shalya-tantra, Shalyatamtra):
[see source text or glossary: Shalya-tantra]

18) Tuberculosis:
[see source text or glossary: Tuberculosis]

19) Vatapitta (Vata-pitta):
Vata-pitta prakriti (constitution) refers to the dominant presence of both Vata and Pitta doshas. Individuals with this prakriti may have a predisposition to conditions such as Amavata due to their specific doshic imbalances.

20) Pittadosha (Pittadosa, Pitta-dosha):
Pittadosha causes symptoms like inflammation, fever, and redness in Amavata. Its role in the disease highlights the metabolic and thermal disturbances contributing to joint damage and pain.

21) Kaphavata (Kapha-vata):
Kapha-vata prakriti denotes a constitution influenced by both Kapha and Vata doshas. This combination makes individuals more susceptible to diseases like Amavata where both doshas play a crucial role in pathology.

22) Discussion:
The discussion section in the study elaborates on the findings related to Amavata, interpreting radiological observations and correlating them with Ayurvedic and modern medical knowledge for comprehensive understanding.

23) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vatadosha is a critical factor in Amavata, leading to symptoms such as severe joint pain, stiffness, and restricted movements. Its imbalance is a primary cause of the disease's debilitating effects.

24) Knowledge:
[see source text or glossary: Knowledge]

25) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiation in Ayurveda refers to the imbalance or disturbance of a dosha. In Amavata, the vitiation of Vata combined with Ama leads to the disease's progression and joint symptoms.

26) Stiffness:
Stiffness, or Jadyata in Ayurveda, is a later stage symptom of Amavata where joint inflammation has led to reduced joint mobility and rigidity, complicating everyday activities for patients.

27) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana refers to the symptoms of a disease. In Amavata, primary lakshanas include joint pain (Sandhiruja) and swelling (Sandhishotha), providing clues for diagnosis and treatment evaluation.

28) Mandagni (Manda-agni, Mamdagni):
Mandagni refers to low digestive fire in Ayurveda. It is considered a contributing factor to Amavata, as poor digestion leads to the formation of Ama, exacerbating the disease.

29) Vairasya:
Vairasya, or a change in taste perception, is an ancillary symptom in Amavata. It often accompanies other systemic symptoms, indicating the broader impact of the disease beyond joint issues.

30) Prakriti (Prakrti):
Prakriti defines an individual's constitution in Ayurveda, influenced by doshas. Different prakriti types, like Vata-pitta or Kapha-vata, reveal susceptibility to certain diseases like Amavata.

31) Gaurava:
Gaurava signifies a sensation of heaviness, one of the ancillary symptoms of Amavata. It reflects the systemic impact of the disease, likely associated with the accumulation of Ama in the body.

32) Pradhan:
[see source text or glossary: Pradhan]

33) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
[see source text or glossary: Tantra]

34) Shalya (Salya):
[see source text or glossary: Shalya]

35) Aruci:
Aruchi, a loss of appetite, is one of the associated symptoms in Amavata. It highlights the systemic nature of the disease, affecting a patient鈥檚 overall health and not just the joints.

36) Mamsa (Mamsha):
[see source text or glossary: Mamsa]

37) Snayu:
[see source text or glossary: Snayu]

38) Shotha (Sotha):
Sotha refers to swelling, commonly seen in Amavata patients. It signifies joint inflammation, often observed as soft tissue swelling in radiological assessments and clinical examinations.

39) India:
[see source text or glossary: India]

40) Ayus (Ayush):
[see source text or glossary: Ayush]

41) House:
[see source text or glossary: House]

42) Ruja:
Ruja means pain and is a prominent symptom in Amavata. It accompanies joint swelling and stiffness, significantly affecting the quality of life for those suffering from the condition.

43) Sira (Shira):
[see source text or glossary: Sira]

44) Raga:
Raga, meaning redness, signifies inflammation in Ayurvedic terms. It is a symptom seen in Amavata patients, indicating the involvement of Pittadosha in the inflammatory process of the joints.

45) Pida (Pida掳):
[see source text or glossary: Pida]

46) Pain:
Pain is a primary symptom of Amavata, attributed to the vitiation of Vata and inflammation. It affects various joints, leading to chronic discomfort and progressive joint damage.

47) Drug:
[see source text or glossary: Drug]