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鈥泪苍 闯补尘产奴诲惫墨辫补 in Bharata in the Magadhas in very wealthy 艢膩ligr膩ma there is a garden, Manorama. The guardian of the garden was a 驰补办峁�a, Sumanas, and a Br膩hman, Somadeva, lived in that village. Somadeva had two sons, 础驳苍颈产丑奴迟颈 and 痴腻测耻产丑奴迟颈, by his wife Agnil膩, and they were both expert in interpretation of the Vedas. The two, well-known because of their learning, when they were grown, continued to enjoy many pleasures, haughty from pride.

One day 膧肠腻谤测补 Nandivardhana stopped in this garden Manorama and was worshipped by the people who had come. 础驳苍颈产丑奴迟颈, arrogant, came and said, 鈥業f you know the meaning of the 艣膩stras at all, expound it, Sit膩mbara.鈥� Nandivardhana鈥檚 disciple, Satya, said to them, 鈥榃here are you from?鈥� 鈥楩rom 艢膩ligr膩ma,鈥� they replied. Satya said again, 鈥業 ask: from what birth have you attained a human birth, sirs? Tell that, if you know anything.鈥� They stood, their faces downcast with shame, devoid of knowledge. Muni Satya began to relate their (former) birth.

鈥業n the forest of this village, you were two flesh-eating jackals in a former birth, alas! excellent Br膩hmans. They ate the skin-ropes, et cetera, wet by rain, everything which a farmer had left in the field at night. They died from this excessive food and became you, sons of the Brahman, Somadeva, in this birth because of their karma. At dawn the farmer saw that everything had been eaten and returned to his house. In course of time he died and became the son of his daughter-in-law. As he had acquired the memory of his former births, he remained silent from birth deceitfully, at the thought, 鈥淗ow am I to address them: daughter-in-law or mother; son or father?鈥� If you do not believe this, then ask the mute farmer his story so that, giving up silence, he will tell you.鈥�

The mute farmer was brought there at once by the people and was told by the muni: 鈥楾ell your former births from the beginning. Son, father, father, son鈥攕uch in the usual condition of existence. Therefore, lay aside your shame produced by the relationship in a former birth and give up your silence.鈥� After bowing to the muni, delighted at this agreement with himself, he told his former births in just the same way to all listening. Many became mendicants and the farmer became enlightened; but they (the Brahmans) were ridiculed by the people and went home, ashamed.

The Brahmans, being hostile, went at night with swords to kill the muni, but were transfixed at once by the 驰补办峁�a Sumanas. At dawn the people saw them and the 驰补办峁�a Sumanas told their weeping father and mother clearly: 鈥楾hese wretches, who intended to kill the muni, were transfixed by me. If they become mendicants, I shall release them, not otherwise.鈥� They said, 鈥楾he s膩dhudharma is very hard, but we will practice that suitable for laymen,鈥� and the god released them.

From that time they observed the Jina-dharma properly, but their parents did not acknowledge at all the Arhatdharma. 础驳苍颈产丑奴迟颈 and 痴腻测耻产丑奴迟颈 died and became gods in the heaven Saudharma, with a life term of six palyas.^[1] When they fell, they became the sons of a merchant, Arhadd膩sa, in Gajapura, 笔奴谤峁嘺产丑补诲谤补 and M膩峁噄bhadra, laymen, as a result of the former birth.

One day a sage, 惭腻丑别苍诲谤补, stopped there and Arhadd膩sa became a mendicant, after listening to dharma in his presence. As 笔奴谤峁嘺产丑补诲谤补 and M膩峁噄bhadra were going to pay homage to 惭腻丑别苍诲谤补, they saw a bitch and a ca峁囜笉膩la on the road and felt affection for them. After they had gone and bowed to the sage 惭腻丑别苍诲谤补, they asked, 鈥榃ho is that ca峁囜笉膩la and who is the bitch that we felt affection at the sight of them?鈥� He related:

鈥業n your birth as 础驳苍颈产丑奴迟颈 and 痴腻测耻产丑奴迟颈 your father was the Br膩hman Somadeva and your mother was Agnil膩. After his death, your father became a king, 闯颈迟补艣补迟谤耻, in 艢补峁卥丑补辫耻谤补 in this same Bharata, always lusting after other men鈥檚 wives. After her death, Agnil膩 was born in the same city, 艢补峁卥丑补辫耻谤补, as Rukmi峁嚹�, wife of the Br膩hman Somabh奴ti. One day King 闯颈迟补艣补迟谤耻, as he was passing, saw her in the court of her house and at once became infatuated. The king invented some crime on the part of Somabh奴ti and put her in his harem. The Br膩hman, miserable from separation from her, remained immersed in fire, as it were.

After enjoying himself with her for a thousand years, 闯颈迟补艣补迟谤耻 died, and had a life in hell for three palyas. Then he became a deer and, being killed, became again a young deer. He was born a merchant鈥檚 son, deceitful, and, after death, he became an elephant. By fate lie remembered former births, fasted, died on the eighteenth day and became a Vaimanika-god with a life of three palyas. Then he fell and became a ca峁囜笉膩la, but Rukmi峁嚹� became a bitch, after wandering through existence. For this reason there was affection for them on your part.鈥�

After hearing this, 笔奴谤峁嘺产丑补诲谤补 and M膩峁噄bhadra, enlightened the ca峁囜笉膩la and the bitch by means of the recollection of former births which they had attained. Then the ca峁囜笉膩la, disgusted with existence, fasted for a month, died, and became a god in 狈补苍诲墨艣惫补谤补诲惫墨辫补. The bitch, enlightened, died after a fast and became a princess, 厂耻诲补谤艣补苍腻, in the same 艢补峁卥丑补辫耻谤补.

The sage 惭腻丑别苍诲谤补 came there again and, questioned by Arhadd膩sa鈥檚 two sons, told the good status of the bitch and ca峁囜笉膩la. The princess, enlightened by them again, became a mendicant, and went to heaven. 笔奴谤峁嘺产丑补诲谤补 and M膩峁噄-bhadra, after observing lay-dharma and dying, became 厂腻尘腻苍颈办补蝉 in Saudharma. When they fell, they both became sons, named Madhu and Kai峁璦bha, of King Vi峁�vaksena in Hastinapura. The god in 狈补苍诲墨艣惫补谤补 fell, wandered through existence for a long time, and became a king in Va峁璦pura, named Kanakaprabha. 厂耻诲补谤艣补苍腻 also wandered through many births, after she fell, and became Kanakaprabha鈥檚 chief-queen, named Candr膩bh膩. Vi峁�vaksena installed Madhu on the throne and Kai峁璦bha as heir-apparent, took the vow, and went to Brahmaloka.

Madhu and Kai峁璦bha having the whole country subdued, 叠丑墨尘补, a village-chief, attacked the country by trickery only. Madhu set out to kill him and he was honored by King Kanakaprabha with food, ct cetera on the road to Va峁璦pura. At the end of the meal, his follower (Kanakaprabha) with his wife Candr膩bh膩 approached King Madhu with gifts from devotion to his master. After bowing to Madhu, Candr膩bh膩 went again to the women鈥檚 apartments. Madhu, afflicted by love, wished to take her just then even by force. Prevented at that time by his minister, King Madhu went on, defeated the village-chief, 叠丑墨尘补, and came there on his return. Again honored by King Kanakaprabha, Madhu said, 鈥楨nough of these gifts of yours. Let Candr膩bh膩 alone be given to me.鈥� When, though asked, Kanakaprabha did not give her, then Madhu snatched Candr膩bh膩 away and took her to his own city. Kanakaprabha, distracted, fell to the ground in a faint. When he had recovered, he wailed aloud and wandered about like a crazy man.

One day King Madhu was engaged in court-business with his ministers and, without giving his judgment, went to Candr膩bh膩鈥檚 house. Candr膩bh膩 asked, 鈥榃hat has taken so long today?鈥� and Madhu said, 鈥楾oday I was occupied with a case of adultery.鈥� Candr膩bh膩 smiled and said, 鈥楢n adulterer should be honored.鈥� Madhu said: 鈥榃hy should he be honored? Adulterers are subject to punishment.鈥� Candr膩bh膩 said again, 鈥業f you arc so harsh in law, do you not know that you yourself are the chief-adulterer?鈥�

Enlightened at hearing that, he felt ashamed. Then Kanakaprabha came, singing and dancing, on the highway, surrounded by small boys. Seeing him, Candr膩bh膩 thought: 鈥楳y husband has reached this miserable condition from separation from me. Shame on me, subservient.鈥� With these reflections, she showed him as he came to Madhu and Madhu felt remorse at his own evil deed. Madhu put his son Dhundhu on the throne; and together with Kai峁璦bha took the vow under the guru 痴颈尘补濒补惫腻丑补苍补. They practiced severe penance many thousand years, knowing the twelve 补峁単补蝉, always doing service to 蝉腻诲丑耻蝉. They both fasted at the end, made confession, died, and became 厂腻尘腻苍颈办补蝉 in 惭补丑腻艣耻办谤补.

King Kanakaprabha, afflicted by hunger and thirst, after fasting for three thousand years, died. He became a god among the 闯测辞迟颈峁�k补蝉, Dh奴maketu by name. Knowing by clairvoyance the former hostility, he searched for Madhu鈥檚 soul. The god did not see Madhu because of his magnificent rank as a god.^[2] When he fell and obtained a human birth, he became a (Brahman) ascetic. He practiced foolish penance and became a 痴补颈尘腻苍颈办补; and in this birth, too, he was not able to see the magnificent Madhu. After he had fallen and wandered through existence from submission to karma, again he became a god in the 闯测辞迟颈峁�k补蝉, named Dh奴maketu.

At this time Madhu鈥檚 soul fell from 惭补丑腻艣耻办谤补 and appeared in the womb of Rukmi峁嚹�, chief-queen of 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补. Because of former enmity, Dh奴maketu seized the boy as soon as born and, wicked, wishing to kill him, threw him on top of the rock Ta峁卥a. Uninjured from his own power, he was taken by 厂补峁僾补谤补. His union with Rukmi峁嚹� will take place at the end of sixteen years.鈥�

Asked by 狈腻谤补诲补, 鈥淏ecause of what act has Rukmi峁嚹� been separated in this way from her son?鈥� Lord 厂墨尘补苍诲丑补谤补 related:

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

A palya is an inestimably long period of time. See I, n. 50.

[2]:

Madhu was a S膩m膩nika, which is a much higher rank than Jyoti峁�ka.