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The 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 narrates Sarvatobhadra type of temple very elaborately. The word sarvatobhadra is derived from two words viz., sarvata i.e., from every side^[1] and bhadra means auspicious.^[2] So it can be said that the temple characterized by all good qualities and auspiciousness can be called sarvatobhadra temple. The 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 gives a special importance on this particular type of temple and does not include this temple in the classification of hundred temples. Rather, it is described in a separate chapter i.e., in 87^th chapter of the third part of the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 which shows its uniqueness. The 惭补迟蝉测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 also states about the sarvatobhadra type of temple in its 269^th chapter and suggests that the sarvatobhadra type of temple should bear many 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉.^[3]

According to the 叠峁沨补迟蝉补峁僪颈迟腻, the sarvatobhadra temples should have four doors, many domes, many beautiful 肠补苍诲谤补艣腻濒腻蝉, five storeys and they should be twenty six cubits in breadth.^[4] According to the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, the sarvatobhadra temple bears four sided 箩补驳补迟墨 and twenty four 驳补谤产丑补驳峁沨补蝉 on the 箩补驳补迟墨.^[5] There would remain twenty four small temples around the main temple.^[6] Again there stay three temples in the both sides of every staircase on the platform.^[7]

Moreover, two other beautiful temples should be made at the bottom of every staircase.^[8] Another kind of temple called devakula should be built in the corner against the platform as notified in the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺.^[9] A 辫谤腻办腻谤补 i.e., an enclosure^[10] should be made behind the temple and the size of that enclosure should be higher than 箩补驳补迟墨.^[11] Four flights of stairs should be placed in the four directions of the temple.^[12] The stairs of the temple should be one third of the length of the 尘别办丑补濒腻.^[13] The 惭补峁囜笉补辫补 seems to be the most integral part of a temple. The sarvatobhadra type of temple should have four 尘补峁囜笉补辫补蝉^[14] and each 尘补峁囜笉补辫补 should have three doors.^[15] There should be pillars in the entrance of those 尘补峁囜笉补辫补蝉.^[16] The existence of 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉 on the top of a temple makes it more charming and attractive. According to the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, the sarvatobhadra type of temple should have nine 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉 on the top.^[17] All the 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉 should be in same size except one which should be quite higher than others.^[18] Obviously it refers the principal dome. The 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉 should be designed on the basis of various figures and those should not be like skull-shaped or pointed as it has already been incorporated.^[19] The 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉 should be decorated with 腻尘补濒补蝉腻谤补办补蝉, cakras, 辫补迟腻办腻蝉 and dvajas.^[20] Moreover, kuharas i.e., interior windows^[21] /^[22] should be placed to adorn the 艣颈办丑补谤补蝉 and those kuharas are attached with 驳补惫腻办峁�a蝉 i.e., latticed windows^[23] and a 箩腻濒补 i.e., a lattice^[24] over those.^[25]

Thus it can be said that the sarvatobhadra type is a special kind of temple which is a great one and appears to be very sophisticated. Moreover, the sarvatobhadra temple belongs to the group having lots of chambers which obviously means temple with different porticos. The 谤腻箩腻谤腻箩补 variety from the list of hundred temples stated by the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 is noticed to have some qualities of sarvatobhadra temple. Thus the 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 has offered a vast discussion on various points connected to temples. It narrates many subtle features of Hindu temple and thus the work justifies its importance in this regard.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

V.S Apte, The Student鈥檚 Sanskrit English Dictionary, p.593

[2]:

Ibid., p.399

[3]:

峁�o岣峚艣膩strasam膩yukto n膩n膩r奴pasamanvita岣�/ aneka艣颈办丑补谤补蝉tadvat sarvatobhadra ucyate// 惭补迟蝉测补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 269.34

[4]:

诲惫腻谤补颈谤测耻迟补艣肠补迟耻谤产丑颈谤产补丑耻艣颈办丑补谤辞 bhavati 蝉补谤惫补迟辞产丑补诲谤补岣�/ bahuruciracandra艣膩la岣� 峁�a岣峷i峁兣沘岣� pa帽cabhauma艣ca// 叠峁沨补迟蝉补峁僪颈迟腻, 56.27

[5]:

ekatra 箩补驳补迟墨 办腻谤测腻 肠补迟耻谤补蝉迟谤腻 尘补苍辞谤补尘腻/ tasy膩峁� garbhag峁沨膩岣� 办腻谤测腻 vi峁冡梗ati艣caturuttar膩岣�/ 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 3.87.2.

[6]:

pr膩s膩dak膩 mah膩r膩ja艣caturvi峁兣沘tireva ca/ Ibid., 3.87.4

[7]:

sop膩nobhayato r膩janpr膩s膩d膩ste trayastraya岣�/ Ibid., 3.87.5

[8]:

sop膩nam奴le pr膩s膩de dvedve k膩rye manorame/ Ibid., 3.87.7

[9]:

tathaiva 箩补驳补迟墨p峁涐梗峁環e ko峁噀 诲别惫补办耻濒补峁� nyaset// Ibid., 3.87.8

[10]:

P.K Acharya, A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture, Vol 1, p.388

[11]:

p峁涐梗峁環e jagatyurdha峁� 辫谤腻办腻谤补峁� 惫颈苍颈惫别艣补测别迟/ 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 3.87.3

[12]:

catur峁�u dik峁�u 蝉辞辫腻苍补峁� 尘别办丑补濒腻y膩峁� nive艣ayet/ Ibid., 3.87.4

[13]:

sop膩nastrya峁兣泇ist膩ro 尘别办丑补濒腻y膩岣� 辫谤补办墨谤迟颈迟补岣�/ Ibid., 3.87.5

[14]:

catv膩ro ma峁囜笉ap膩艣c膩tra鈥�../ Ibid., 3.87.9

[15]:

别办补颈办补峁� 尘补峁囜笉补辫补峁� c膩tra dv膩ratritayabh奴峁�ita峁�/ 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 3.87.11

[16]:

尘补峁囜笉补辫补蝉ya ca ye 诲惫腻谤腻岣� 办腻谤测腻ste stambhabh奴峁�it膩岣�/ Ibid., 3.87.12

[17]:

辫谤腻蝉腻诲补蝉测腻蝉测补 艣颈办丑补谤腻 bhavantyeva navaiva tu/ Ibid., 3.87.12

[18]:

耻肠肠丑谤颈迟补峁� 苍补惫补尘补峁� 艣峁涐箙驳补峁� 迟耻濒测补峁� 蝉测腻肠肠丑颈办丑补谤腻峁ａ弓补办补峁�/ Ibid., 3.87.13

[19]:

r奴pakairvividhairyukta峁� na 尘补峁囜笉补峁� na ca 艣奴lavat/ Ibid., 3.87.14

[20]:

sarvatra 艣颈办丑补谤腻岣� 办腻谤测腻岣� 艣ubh膩malakas膩rak膩岣�/ sacakr膩岣� sapat膩k膩艣ca sadhvaj膩艣ca鈥︹�︹��.// Ibid., 3.87.15-16

[21]:

P.K Acharya, A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture, Vol 1, p.144

[22]:

办耻丑补谤腻岣� 补产丑测补苍迟补谤补驳补惫腻办峁Ｄ佱弗鈥�./ 叠丑补峁�峁�辞迟辫补濒补 commentary on 叠峁沨补迟蝉补峁僪颈迟腻, 56.20

[23]:

P.K Acharya, A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture, Vol 1, p.167

[24]:

V.S Apte, The Student鈥檚 Sanskrit English Dictionary, p.220

[25]:

艣颈办丑补谤腻statra kartavy膩岣� kuhar膩nvit膩岣�/ j膩l膩gav膩k峁�akopetai岣� kuharairn峁沺a bh奴峁�it膩岣�// 痴颈峁ａ箛耻诲丑补谤尘辞迟迟补谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺, 3.87.14-15