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The properties and functions of gross matter, classified as earth predominating substance, waterpredominating substance etc., are enumerated below in a tabular form :

Of Earthy matter PROPERTIES 247 Of Of Of Watery Of Fiery Ethereal Airy Bulky Penetrative PenetraPenetrative tive Dense Dense Heavy Heavy Light Light Light Soft Hard Soft Inactive Inactive Active Motionless Flowing Rough Moist Rough Rough Smooth Viscid Dry Dry Cold Hot Cold Slimy Clear TransTransparent parent Firm Smell Taste Colour Touch Sound predominates predomipredomipredomipredominates nates nates nates. Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly Unmaniastringent sour bitter Sour & salty fested taste Salty Mostly sweet Mostly Mostly sweet pungent Natural tendencyto fall down Natural tendency to go upwards Mostly astringent Vyavayi i.e. has instaneous effect like poison.

FUNCTIONS 3 248 To make the body steady, strong heavy & hard. To make the body viscid, moist, compact. Combustion Digestion To make the body nonviscid, dry and light. To make the body _ soft, porous and light. To make the liquid parts of the body flow. To keep up of the body To manifest the parts. To impart glow to the body. According to Ayrveda, the body as well as the five Indriyas are derived from the five Bhutas (Ch.Su.7:16)."Those parts of the body which are specially bulky, motionless, solid, heavy, rough and hard such as the nails, bones, teeth, muscles, skin, faces, hairs, ligaments, etc. are Parthiva; the smell ( of the body) and the sense of smell also are earthy. Those parts of the body which are liquid, inactive, viscid, soft, slimy and which flow such as chyle, blood, fat, lymph, kapha, pitta, urine, sweat etc. are Apya; the

249 taste and the sense of taste are also watery. The heat of Pitta and the radiance of the body are Agneya, the colour and the sense of sight are also fiery. Exhalation, inhalation, the opening and closing of the eyelids etc. are Vayaviya i.e. due to Vayu, (Vayu being invisible its presence is inferred from its actions and qualities), touch and the sense of touch also are airy. The pores and channels of the body are Antarikaa. Sound and the sense of hearing also are ethereal. The atoms constituting the body, being infinite in number, extremely minute in size and beyond the perception of the senses, cannot be counted. So the above general division has been made. Chakrapan and Dalhana, both of them classified Dhatu, Upadhatu and Malas according Panchabhautic components (Cakrapani on Su.15:8 & Dalhana on Su. 15.10). DRAVYA PREDOMINANCE OF BHUTAS Vayu Vayu Pitta Agni Kapha Jala Rasa Jala Rakta Agni and Jala Mansa Prithvi Meda Asthi Majja 1 Prithvi Jala Prithvi Vayu Jala

Sukra Mutra Purisha Jala Jala Agni Prithvi Artava Agni Sweda Jala Starya Jala gas Jala Manas Jala Buddhi Agni 250