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Sankalpa Suryodaya of Venkatanatha (Critical Study)

by R. Laxmi | 1998 | 94,004 words

This is an English study of the Sankalpa Suryodaya—an allegorical Sanskrit drama by Venkatanatha, a distinguished philosopher-poet and dramatist of the Vishishtadvaita Vedanta tradition. This work of Venkata-natha (or, Vedanta Deshika). stands out for integrating allegory to convey moral and philosophical truths. The thesis examines its place in Sa...

The importance of Divine Will

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As explained in the Pancaratra Agama, some men of wisdom say that Sankalpa or Divine Will is Kriyasakti or Power of Action of the Lord. Some others say that Sankalpa is Manastattva of the Lord. Others still declare that Sankalpa is Lord Himself endowed with Kriyasakti etc. But it is an admitted fact that Sankalpa is ever great and manifested itself as the great destroyer of the ocean of Samsara.

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288 kriyasaktim keciddanujamathanim hetimapare manastattvam canye madhuvijayinaratvamabhidadhuh | tamevaike tattatpadavisayajustam tadiha nah sadottungah pradurbhavasi bhavasindhupramathanah || S.S. X-57, p.846 Thus it is evident that unless and until the Sun of Divine will do save the Soul rises, the horizon of a humanity cannot be brightened with the hue of Bhakti and Prapatti. Therefore, Venkatanatha hopes to see the rising of the Sun. yasminvismayaniyabhumani managunmilite naikadha sidhyantyasya sitasitasya jagatah svargapavargadayah | aisah so'hamavasaratyayabhavanmayamahayamini- sattasesasusupta bodhanapatuh samkalpasuryodayah || S.S. X-20, p.813 However, the rise of the Sun of Divine will inherits a greater assurance of Universal Truth than the Prabodhacandrodaya which Krsna Misra views rising up. kim vaptam kimapohitam kimuditam kim va samutsaritam syutam kim nu vilayitam nu kimidam kincinna va kincana | yasminnabhyudite vitarkapadavim naivam samarohati trailokyam sahajaprakasadalitam so'ham prabodhodayah || P.C. VI- 29, p.238 Devotion to God is ordained as the preparation for the rise of Sankalpasurya. prakrtah kriyaya dhiya ca yogah paramaikantyapariskrtasya pumsah | nidhidarsanavannirudhaharsam pranidhatte visadam paraprakasam || S.S. X-28, p. 819 Such devotion is a greater strength of human heart then the sudden onrush of knowledge which the Prabodhachandrodaya emphasises. eso'smiti vivicya netipadatascittena sardham krte tattvanam vilaye cidatmani parijnate tvamarthe punah | srutva tattvamasiti vadhitabhavadhvantam tadatmaprabham santam jyotiranantamantaruditanandah samudyotate || P.C. VI-27, p.235 In this manner, for Prapanna to attain Paramapada Divine will is everything.

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289 aviralagunacchaya maya''tapapratirodhini parihrtarajah panka tapairasanghatita tribhih madhuripudayamurtirdivya nirakrtakantaka vahati nigamadurtanyeka purimaparajitam || S.S. 1-83, p.265 When a Prapanna is endowed with all qualities making him eligible for Moksa, he should remain himself engrossed in Dhyana, Strotra, Pranama etc. and should wait for the Grace of the God. At the fulfilment of the Sadhanas the seeker is blessed with Moksa by the Lord. Therein he attains Lord's Samya. "In the Jivatma who like an actor playing for the Lord's amusement, enacts many a part in the drama of Samsara, under this authority, and who has succeded in giving him pleasure (at last) by acting the part of a Prapanna (who has surrendered everything to Him) to that Jivatma the Lord vouchsafer, in Paramapada, perfect resemblence to Himself except in regard to those marks and activities of His which are eternally unique to Him". 56

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