Mudrarakshasa (literary study)
by Antara Chakravarty | 2015 | 58,556 words
This page relates ‘Use of Malyabharini metre� of the English study on the Mudrarakshasa: an ancient Sanskrit dramatic play (Nataka) authored by Vishakhadatta which deals with the life of king Chandragupta. This study investigates the Mudra Rakshasa from a literary perspective, such as metrics, themes, rhetorics and other poetical elements. Chandragupta ruled the Mauryan Empire during the 4th century BCE, hence this text can also be studied as a historical textbook of ancient India.
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2.16. Use of Mālyabhāriṇ� metre
[Full title: The Chandas employed in ѳܻṣa (16). Mālyabhāriṇī]
In the last act of ѳܻṣa the meter Mālyabhāriṇ� can be seen in only two places, i.e. VII.11, 12. This is an ṛtٲ type of meter, as this meter has got 11 syllables in two quarters and 12 syllables in other two quarters.
This meter has been defined by Ҳṅg :�
viṣame sasajā yadā guru cet sabharā yena tu mālabhāriṇīyaṃ|[1]
Where in the odd quarters (1st and 3rd quarters) of a meter sa, sa, ja and two long syllables are present and in the even quarters (2nd and 4th quarters) sa, bha, ra and ya ṇa are present then the meter there is Mālyabhāriṇ� or Mālabhāriṇ�. In the verse VII.11 Candragupta is eulogizing ṇaⲹ and in VII.12 ṣa is praising Candragupta. Therefore it is seen that in both the places վś岹ٳٲ has used the meter in eulogizing someone. Let us scan one of the two verses in the following:
sa | | | sa | | | ja | | | ga | | | ga | | | sa | | | bha | | | ra | | | ya |
� � - | | | � � - | | | � - � | | | - | | | - | | | � � - | | | - � � | | | - � - | | | � - - |
viguṇ� | kṛtakā | rmuko'pi | je | tu� | bhuvi je | tavyama | sau sama | rtha eva|
sa | | | sa | | | ja | | | ga | | | ga | | | sa | | | bha | | | ra | | | ya |
� � - | | | � � - | | | � - � | | | - | | | - | | | � � - | | | - � � | | | - � - | | | � - - |
svapato |'pi mame |va yasya | ta |ntre| guravo | jāgrati | kāryajā|garūkāḥ||[2]
Thus it is seen that in this verse the odd quarters comprised of the ṇa sa, sa, ja, ga and ga; and the even quarters comprised of sa, bha, ra and ya ṇa. Thus, it is a proven example of Mālbhāriṇ� meter.
Footnotes and references:
[2]:
ѳܻṣa, VII.11