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VIII-8
Yajnavalkya and Patanjali
In the pre-Christian era, Yajnavalkya wrote about minerals
and metals in his Smriti; the Sloka 181 of Vyavahara dealt with the
relative deterioration of metals when treated with fire: 'Gold does
not suffer deterioration, of silver is two palas, of tin and lead
eight, of copper five and of iron ten palas per hundred'. In Acar-
adhy膩ya 190, he recommends that
啶む�嵿ぐ啶�啷佮じ啷�啶膏�曕い啶距ぎ啷嵿ぐ啶距ぃ啶距�� 啶曕�嵿し啶距ぐ啶距ぎ啷嵿げ啷嬥う啶� 啶掂ぞ啶班た啶�啶苦�� 啷�
啶�啶膏�嵿ぎ啶距う啶苦�� 啶曕ぞ啶傕じ啷嵿く啶侧�嬥す啶距え啷� 啶多�佮う啷嵿ぇ啶苦�� 啶�啷嵿げ啶距さ啷� 啶︵�嵿ぐ啶掂じ啷嵿く啶� 啷�
[trapus墨sakat膩mr膩峁嚹佱箖 k峁Ｄ乺膩mlodaka v膩ribhi岣� |
bhasm膩di岣� k膩峁僺yaloh膩n墨 艣uddhi岣� pl膩vo dravasyaca ||
] caraka
tin, lead and copper may be cleaned by alkali and acid water
whereas iron and kamsya, copper alloy (could it mean brass also
suggested by Roy, 1946:1087 Brass was mentioned as riti by
and Manu) should be cleaned by ash and water.
the kings to use copper plates to write deeds (Achara, 318-320).
Yajnavalkya advised
Patanjali was a contemporary of Pushyamitra Sunga (c. 187-
151 B.C.). He was not only a great grammarian, composing the famou
of
Mahabhasya Panini, but also a philosopher of mind and body. Bhoja
commented in his Ny膩yavartik膩
啶�啷嬥�椸�囙�� 啶氞た啶む�嵿い啶膏�嵿く 啶�啶︵�囙え 啶掂ぞ啶氞ぞ 啶�啶侧�� 啶多ぐ啷�啶班じ啷嵿く 啶む�� 啶掂�堗う啷嵿く啶曕�囙え
啶�啷嬥そ啶�啶距�曕ぐ啷嬥い啷� 啶む�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶掂ぐ啶� 啶�啷佮え啷�啶ㄠぞ啶� 啶�啶む�傕�溹げ啶苦�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距え啷嵿�溹げ啶苦�� 啶嗋え啶侧�嬥�� 啶班た
[yogena cittasya padena v膩c膩 mala峁� 艣ar墨rasya tu vaidyakena
yo'p膩karot ta峁� pravara峁� mun墨n膩峁� pata峁僯ali峁� pr膩njali岣� 膩nalo岣峚 ri
] and
that he was the physician of the mind (vide his Yogas奴tra) and of
the body. Patanjali was interested in alchemy and medicine,
recommended the use of minerals and metals for health and other
purposes. Alberuni quoted Patanjali's view that 'one of the method
leading to liberation is Rasayana (Sachau, 1983: Vol.1, p.189).
Nagarjuna, who is acknowledged as the Father of Indian Chemistry,
considered Patanjali to be a leader in alchemy.