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The art of gem-incrustation was earlier known popularized lat in India by the Indo-Scythians and Parthians at Taxila around the first century A.D. significantly, Lad (1983: 51 and 70-71) opines that the fifty odd references to the jewelled artefacts were entered in the epic during or after the aforesaid date. Some of the references are listed below. Eight Vaidurva stones encased in gold were offered by Prince Uttara to Arjuna (4.36.39). Lord Krishna, always dressed

VI-13 in yellow, was likened to a mani encased in gold (5.92.52; 12.45.14) atasipuspa samkasah pitavasa janardana vyamrajata sabhamadhye hemnivopahito manih (5.92.52) King Drupada presented to the Pandavas vessels or bhajanas ornamented with beryl and diamond: sayanasana yanani vividhani mahanti ca vaiduryavajra citrani sataso bhajananica (1.191.15) A few gold patras ear-marked as gifts for Brahmins were likewise incrusted with vajra (12.165.14). Similar silver dishes with gem incrustations were introduced at Taxila by the Greeks around 100 A.D. for the first time; these were known as paterae. The drinking horn or rhyton of the Graeco-Romans was also imitated. In one solitary instance, the Mahabharata (8.6.37) describes some elephant tusks and rhino and cattle horns, ornamented with pearls and precious stones, which were used as water-sprinklers during the consecration of Karna as the commander of the Kauravas. The references to the Chinese silk (2.47.22), Bharukaccha and Roma (Rome): antakhim caiva romamca yavananam puram marukaccham gato (2.28.49-50 clearly prove that insertions were made in the epic long after the onset of the Christian era. The description of the gold-decorated ornamental armour-coats in the Virataparva is very significant on account of their close affinity with Sassanian metal works of the 5 th - 6 th Century A.D. (Lad, 1983).