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In poetic conventions there are the famous one convention regarding to the birds. There are numerous types of birds are found i.e.

1. 贬补峁僺补 (swan),
2. 惭补测奴谤补 (peacock),
3. Kokila (cuckoo),
4. 颁补办谤补惫腻办补 (goose),
5. Cakora (partridge) and
6. 颁腻迟补办补 (hawk cockoo).

(1) Poetic conventions relating to the 丑补峁僺补 birds:

In poetic description there are three types of conventions are related with Hamsa birds i.e.

1. The 贬补峁僺补s (swans) go to the 惭腻苍补蝉 lake in 痴补谤峁Ｄ�-办腻濒补,
2. The 贬补峁僺补s (swans) are seen as a reservoirs and
3. The description of 贬补峁僺补s quality of separating milk from the mixture of water and milk.

(a) In this description of poetic convention, the 贬补峁僺补s are connected with the 惭腻苍补蝉a Lake or Brahmasaras in the top of 贬颈尘腻濒腻测补 Mountain.

There the 贬补峁僺补s are go to the 惭腻苍补蝉a lake in Vars膩-办腻濒补. viz.

鈥�pr膩ley膩drerupata峁璦matikramya t膩峁僺t膩nvi艣e峁Ｄ乶丑补峁僺补dv膩ra峁� bh峁沢apati艣ayovartma yatkrau帽caradhram |
tanod墨rc墨 di艣amanusare stiryag膩y膩ma艣obh墨 艣测腻尘补岣� p膩do baliniyaman膩bhyudyatasteva vi峁ａ箛o岣� || 鈥�

- 惭别驳丑补诲奴迟补 of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: 1/60

Therefore, 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补 also depicted the R膩ja丑补峁僺补s to 惭腻苍补蝉a Lake as:

鈥�kartu峁� yacca prabhavati 尘补丑墨尘耻肠肠丑颈濒墨苍诲丑腻尘补惫补苍诲丑测腻峁�
  tacchrutv膩 te 艣rava峁嘺subhaga峁� garjita峁� s膩nasokt膩岣� |
膩 kail膩s膩dbisakisalayacchedap膩theyavanta岣�
  sa峁僷atsyante nabhasi bhavati r膩japa峁儁膩岣� sah膩y膩岣� || 鈥�

- 惭别驳丑补诲奴迟补 of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补:1/ 11

In the 痴补谤峁Ｄ�-办腻濒补 the water-reservoirs, tanks and rivers are full of fresh rainwater. Thus 贬补峁僺补s are going to the lake for fresh-water. This may be the causes for in this type poetic convention.

(b) In this convention 贬补峁僺补s (swans) are describe to live in the water reservoirs only.

In the description of 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺 we see that the beauty in the presence of 惭补测奴谤补s and 贬补峁僺补 birds as:

鈥�驳辞尘补迟墨峁� 肠腻辫测补迟颈办谤补尘测补 谤腻驳丑补惫补岣� 艣墨驳丑谤补颈驳补谤补测腻岣� |
may奴raha峁僺膩bhiruta峁� tat膩ra syanadik膩峁� nad墨m || 鈥�

- 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺 of 痴腻濒尘墨办颈: II/ 19 /2

Therefore in the K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 it is illustrated by the 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 in following 艣濒辞办补:

鈥�膩s墨dasti bhavi峁�yat墨ha sa jano dhanyo 诲丑补苍墨 诲丑腻谤尘颈办补岣�
  ya岣� 艣r墨ke 艣avavatkari峁�yati puna岣� 艣r墨matku 岣島峁単e艣varam |
hel膩ndolita丑补峁僺补s膩rasaku lakre 峁卥膩rasamm奴rcachitairity膩gho峁�ayat墨va
  tannavan墨 yacce峁ａ弓ita峁� v墨cibhi岣� || 鈥�

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XIV, Pp- 79

(c) In the type of 贬补峁僺补鈥檚 quality of separating milk from the mixture of water and milk convention is illustrated by the 艣濒辞办补. viz.

鈥�丑补峁僺补岣� 艣惫别迟辞 惫补办补岣� 艣惫别迟辞 ko bhedo vaka丑补峁僺补yo岣� |
n墨rak峁Ｄ玶avibh膩ge tu ha峁僺o 丑补峁僺补岣� vako 惫补办补岣� || 鈥�

- Subh膩峁�itaratnabh膩峁囜笉膩g膩ra, p-231

(2) Poetic conventions relating to the 尘补测奴谤补蝉 (peacocks):

In poetic compositions the 惭补测奴谤补鈥檚 (peacocks) are described to dancing in 痴补谤峁Ｄ�-办腻濒补 (rainy season). It is a lovely bird remembered for the beauty, sonorous cries and the graceful dance. In poetry poets are describes the overwhelming beauty of 惭补测奴谤补 in 痴补谤峁Ｄ�-办腻濒补, but this is also seen in other times also thus it is under the poetic convention. In the 础尘补谤补办辞峁�a, the name 鈥�Meghanadanulasi鈥� of 贬补峁僺补鈥檚 (peacocks) is very much significant for this convention. In the works of 痴腻濒尘墨办颈 and 叠丑腻谤补惫颈 described about this conventions.

In the 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺 says:

鈥�苍补产丑补岣� sam墨k峁�y膩mbudhairarvimukta峁� vimuktabarh膩bhara峁嚹� 惫补苍别峁�u |
priy膩svarakt膩 viniv峁泃ta艣obh膩 gatotsav膩 dhy膩napar膩 may奴r膩岣� || 鈥�

- 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺 of 痴腻濒尘墨办颈: IV/ 30/ 33

In the 碍颈谤腻迟腻谤箩耻苍墨测补, 惭补丑腻办补惫颈 叠丑腻谤补惫颈 described it as:

鈥�vih膩ya v膩帽ch膩mudite mad膩tyay膩daraktaka峁囜笉hasya rute 艣颈办丑补峁囜笉颈苍补岣� |
艣ruti岣ヅ況ayatyunmada丑补峁僺补ni岣� 蝉惫补苍补峁� 驳耻峁嚹佱弗 priyatve'dhik峁泃膩 na 蝉补峁僺迟补惫补岣� || 鈥�

- 碍颈谤腻迟腻谤箩耻苍墨测补 of 叠丑腻谤补惫颈: IV/ 25

搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 explain about this convention by the 艣濒辞办补 as:

鈥�dr膩gga (kta)rjayant墨 vimad膩nmay奴r膩npragalbhayant墨 ku raradvire ph膩n |
艣aratsamabhabhyeti vik膩sa padm膩nunm墨layant墨 ku mudotpal膩ni || 鈥�

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XVIII, Pp- 101

Therefore in the works of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补, 叠丑补惫补产丑奴迟颈 and 叠丑腻谤补惫颈 described the 惭补测奴谤补 in excited with 鈥�Muraja鈥� sound hearing. i.e.

鈥�ath膩rdhar膩tro stimitaprad墨po 艣补测测腻啷僩ahe supatajane 辫谤补产耻诲诲丑补岣� |
ku 艣a岣� prav膩sasthakalatrave峁Ｄ乵ad峁涐梗峁�膩p奴rv膩峁� vanit膩mapa艣yat || 鈥�

- Raghuva峁兣沘 of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: Canto-XVI/ 4

And in the 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补:

鈥�蝉腻苍补苍诲补峁� 苍补苍诲颈丑补蝉迟腻丑补迟补尘耻谤补箩补惫腻丑耻迟补办补耻尘腻谤补产补谤丑颈迟谤腻蝉腻苍苍腻蝉腻驳谤补谤补苍诲丑补峁�
  vi艣ati pha峁噄patau bhogasa峁僰ocabh膩ji || 鈥�

- 惭腻濒补迟墨尘腻诲丑补惫补 of Bhavabh奴t墨:1/ 1

In the Kir膩t膩rjuniya 惭补丑腻办补惫颈 叠丑腻谤补惫颈 says:

鈥�varorubhirv膩ra峁嘺hastap墨vaira艣cir膩ya khinn膩nnavapallava艣riya岣� |
same'pi y膩tu峁� cara峁嚹乶an墨艣var膩nmad膩diva praskhalata岣� pade pade || 鈥�

- 碍颈谤腻迟腻谤箩耻苍墨测补 of 叠丑腻谤补惫颈: VIII/ 22

Then 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 illustrated about this convention in his K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 as:

鈥�ma峁囜笉al墨k峁泃ya bah膩r峁噄 kai峁囜弓harmadhurag墨tibhi岣� |
kal膩pina岣� pran峁泃yanti k膩le j墨m奴tam膩lini || 鈥�

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XV, Pp- 82

(3) Poetic conventions relating to the kokila birds:

The birds Kokila (cuckoo) and 碍腻办补 (crows) seems similar in structure form and becomes attractive through its sweet music.

In poetic convention prohibited the illustrates this as:

鈥�vasante 艣墨tabh墨tena kokilena vane rutam |
补苍迟补谤箩补濒补驳补迟腻岣� 辫补诲尘腻岣� 艣rotuk膩m膩 ivotthit膩 || 鈥�

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XV, Pp- 82

In this 艣濒辞办补, describes the warbling of cuckoo in spring season. 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 think that the singing of cuckoo occurs in seasons like winter but it not is described in poetry.

In the K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩, 驰腻测腻惫补谤墨测补 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 discusses the junction between autumn and spring cuckoos used to rustle in mind^[1] and 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补 says in the 础产丑颈箩帽腻苍补艣补办耻苍迟补濒腻 as:

鈥�karka ndh奴n膩m upari tuhina峁� ra帽jayatyayasandh膩
  d膩rbha峁� mu帽catyu峁璦japa峁璦la峁� v墨tanidro may奴ra岣� |
vedipr膩nt膩t khuravilikhit膩d utthitai艣ca峁�a 蝉补诲测补岣�
  pady膩d uccairbhavati hari峁嘺岣� kh膩峁単am 膩yaccham膩na岣� || 鈥�

- 础产丑颈箩帽腻苍补艣补办耻苍迟补濒腻 of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: IV/4

Therefore, in Vasanta-办腻濒补 (spring season) 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补 says in 碍耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僢丑补惫补 about cuckoo gets intoxicated with mango shoots and sing sweet song:

鈥�cut膩峁卥u r膩sv膩daka峁Ｄ亂aka峁囜弓ha岣� pu峁僺kokilo yanmudhara峁� cu啷俴aja |
manasvin墨m膩navigh膩tadak峁�a峁� tadeva 箩腻迟补峁� 惫补肠补苍补峁� smarasya || 鈥�

- K膩vy膩nu艣膩sana (of Hemacandra) of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: Canto-III/ 32

Here the 艣濒辞办补 says that the male cuckoo gets infatuated and indulges in live sports with his pair. Thus, to attract its pair sings sweet voice, which is endowed with the sense of lust.

(4) Poetic conventions relating to the 肠补办谤补惫腻办补 birds:

The 颁补办谤补惫腻办补 birds generally lives on the banks of rivers and reservoirs. They are suffering separation from their couple during night or searching for food. This is the fact of this type鈥檚 convention. In poetic description the 颁补办谤补惫腻办补 pairs are as the ideal couples. They are also comparing with the breast of women. It may be the indication of the inseparableness of these couples.

In the 碍耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僢丑补惫补, 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补 says about the cry of separated 颁补办谤补惫腻办补s as:

鈥�nin膩ya s膩tyantapimotkar膩nil膩岣� sahasyar膩tr墨rudav膩satatpar膩 |
paraspar膩krandini 肠补办谤补惫腻办补yo岣� puro viyukta mithune 办峁沺腻惫补迟墨 || 鈥�

- Kumarasambhava of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: Canto-II/ 23

搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 illustrated this in his K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 as:

鈥�sa峁卥hipat膩 y膩mavat墨sta峁璱n墨n膩峁� tanayat膩 paya岣�p奴r膩n |
rathacara峁嚹佮�僪ayavayas膩峁� ki峁� nopak峁泃a峁� nid膩dhona || 鈥�

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XV, Pp- 82

(5) Poetic conventions relating to the cakora (partridge) birds:

In the poetic convention attributes the quality of drinking moonbeams to the Cakara. However there is another convention relating to Cakara, where it swallows blazing Coal.

In the K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 illustrate that the Cakara birds drink the moon-beams raising its neck as:

鈥�et膩st膩 malayopaka峁囜弓hasarit膩me峁嚹乲峁�i rodhobhuva艣c膩p膩bhy膩sanike
  tana峁� bhagavata岣� preyo manojanmana岣� |
y膩su 艣y膩mani艣膩su p墨tatamaso mukt膩may墨艣candrik膩岣�
  p墨yante viv峁泃ordhvaca帽cu vicalatka峁囜弓ha峁� cakor膩峁単an膩岣� || 鈥�

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XV, Pp- 82

(6) Poetic conventions relating to the 肠腻迟补办补 (hawk cuckoo) birds:

In poetic description the 颁腻迟补办补 birds are connected with rain drop thus the 颁腻迟补办补鈥檚 love for clouds. In poetry the voice of 颁腻迟补办补 is very much appreciated.

In the 惭别驳丑补诲奴迟补 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补 says:

鈥�苍墨辫补峁� d峁涐梗峁� v膩 haritakapi艣a峁� kesarairardhar奴峁環air膩virbh奴taprathamuku
  l膩岣� kandal墨艣c膩nukaccham |
jagdhv膩'ra峁噛e峁�vadhikasurabhi峁� gandham膩ghr膩ya corvy膩岣�
  s膩ra峁単膩ste jalalavamuca岣� s奴cayi峁�yanti m膩rgam || 鈥�

- 惭别驳丑补诲奴迟补 of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: -Purvamegha/ 21

Here 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补 describe the ardent desire to the 颁腻迟补办补 very cleverly and beautifully.

Thereafter in the 峁歩迟耻蝉补峁僪腻谤补 he says about thirsty 颁腻迟补办补 begging the cloud for water in the rainy season description as:

鈥�t峁涐梗膩ku lai艣肠腻迟补办补pak峁�i峁嚹佱箖 ku lai岣� pray膩cit膩stoyabhar膩valambina岣� |
辫谤补测腻苍迟颈 尘补苍诲补峁� bahudh膩ravar峁�i峁噊 val膩hak膩岣� 艣r墨tramanoharasvan膩岣� || 鈥�

- 峁歵usa峁僪膩ra of 碍腻濒颈诲腻蝉补: II/ 3

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-XVIII, Pp- 108