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Gita-govinda of Jayadeva (comparative study)

by Manisha Misra | 2012 | 56,963 words

This essay contains an English study of the Gita-Govinda by Jayadeva and the “Kishore Chandrananda Champu� by Kabisurya Baladev. (1) The Gitagovinda is a Sanskrit Kavya poem of 12th century composed by Jayadeva, who was a devotee of Lord Krishna/Jagannatha and a patron of Odisha culture. The Gitagovinda had widespread influence on Indian art and li...

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Goldstucker said: Deepest feeling for nature has at all times been a characteristic trait of the Indian mind 84. Winternitz says: A deep feeling for nature is genuine and unaffected in the Indian lyric as in Indian poetry in general 85. Jayadeva has collected the materials of comparison from the nature to describe attractively the beauty of hero and the heroine both. Nature is manifested in the second, sixth and seventh canto of the Gitagovinda through the physical beauty of hero and heroine 86. Jayadeva has conceived the love play of Krsna on the banks of river Yamuna. The nature he has narrated is replete with the beauties of mountains, trees, gardens and flowers 37. The trees and creepers are worthy with flower and new coming leaves by the touch of the spring. The drones are mad by the sweet perfume of flowers 88. The Gitagovinda mentions forests like Vrndavana, Yamunapulinavana or the forest on the banks of Yamuna, Vetasavana or cane forest, Malayavana or sandal forest and Mrgakanana or the forest infested by herds of deer. Many trees and creepers are mentioned and there is also 82. Dasa, Prafulla ku.,Sangita kavi Jayadeva(Odia), p.57 83. Ibid, p.60 84. Dasgupta, S.N. & De, S.K., A History of Sanskrit Literature, p.668 85. Ibid, p.667 86. Mohapatra, Suchitra, Kavi Jayadevanka Prakruti Pranata (Odia), Utkalara Kavi Jayadeva, A Collection of Articles 1992, p.143 87. Pathy, Dinanath, et.al. Ed. Jayadeva & Gitagovinda, p.155 88. Mahapatra, Suchitra, Kavi Jayadevanka Prakruti Pranata (Odia), p.144 63

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reference to upavana or garden at various places in the Gitagovinda Mention of groves indicates arboreal life in the forest. The poet further mentions the daksinavayu (south wind) and breeze carrying fragrance from the sandal mountains. Description of blue sky, myriads of stars, dark night, bright morning are touching. The moonlit night, the surging waves of the sea, the new moon, the dark clouds and pleasant evenings are treated with care and elaboration. Jayadeva has noted various animals including domesticated ones, aquatic birds, other common birds and beasts' 89. The major attraction of the Gitagovinda is the description of the ten incarnations and the spring. Spring is regarded as the king among six seasons. During the season the earth and the sky are full of charm. The gentle breeze, sweet fragrant flowers, the moonbeam, the song of cuckoo, green fields, gathering of colourful environment has been richly described in the Gitagovinda 90. The voices of birds helped to intensify the mating desire of young ones.

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