Puranic encyclopaedia
by Vettam Mani | 1975 | 609,556 words | ISBN-10: 0842608222
This page describes the Story of Savitri included the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani that was translated into English in 1975. The Puranas have for centuries profoundly influenced Indian life and Culture and are defined by their characteristic features (panca-lakshana, literally, ‘the five characteristics of a Purana�).
Story of ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«
The wife of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô.
Birth.
In the country of Madra, famous in the ±Ê³Ü°ùÄåṇa²õ, there was a king named ´¡Å›±¹²¹±è²¹³Ù¾±. His wife was ²ÑÄå±ô²¹³ÙÄ«. Though the couple grew old they were childless. At last they worshipped ¶Ù±ð±¹Ä« ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«. After vows and prayers for eighteen years the ¶Ù±ð±¹Ä« appeared before them, and giving them the boon that a daughter would be born to them, she disappeared. The couple returned to the palace and ²ÑÄå±ô²¹³ÙÄ« conceived and delivered a daughter whom they named ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«. (Skandha 9, ¶Ù±ð±¹Ä« BhÄgavata; ²Ñ²¹³óÄå²ú³óÄå°ù²¹³Ù²¹, Vana Parva, Chapter 293).
Marriage.
³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« grew up as though ³¢²¹°ìá¹£mÄ« had taken an incarnation and bloomed into a beautiful damsel. But nobody came forward to marry her. On a New moon day she bathed and purified herself and getting the blessings of Brahmins, came and bowed before her father. The King felt sorry as nobody had offered to marry her though she was in the full bloom of youth. He advised her to travel in the outside world and to select a husband by herself. According to the order of her father she took the aged ministers of the King and travelled through the forests in which hermits lived.
Once ±·Äå°ù²¹»å²¹ came to the palace and while he was talking with King ´¡Å›±¹²¹±è²¹³Ù¾±, ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« and the aged ministers returned. She bowed before her father and ±·Äå°ù²¹»å²¹. As soon as ±·Äå°ù²¹»å²¹ saw her, he asked with curiosity about her marriage. The father replied that he had sent her in search of a husband. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« said "I have accepted the Prince ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô as my husband. He is the son of King Dyumatsena of ³§Äå±ô±¹²¹. Dyumatsena became blind in his old age, and taking this opportunity his enemies captured his country. Dyumatsena with his wife and son went to the forest and lived there."
±·Äå°ù²¹»å²¹ described the qualities of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô. "³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô is as radiant as the sun, as intelligent as µþá¹›h²¹²õ±è²¹³Ù¾±, as valiant as Indra and as patient as the Earth. ´¡Å›±¹²¹±è²¹³Ù¾± was immensely pleased at hearing about the good qualities of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô, and asked ±·Äå°ù²¹»å²¹, if there was anything to say against him. ±·Äå°ù²¹»å²¹ said that he had nothing to say against ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô except that he would die "within one year from this date." (²Ñ²¹³óÄå²ú³óÄå°ù²¹³Ù²¹, Vana Parva, Chapter 294).
The King felt miserable when he heard this. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« said that she had accepted ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô as her husband and that nothing could make her waver from her decision even if he is not going to live more than a year. The King agreed to the wish of his daughter and preparations for the marriage were begun. The King went with ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« to the forest and saw Dyumatsena who gladly consented to the marriage. ´¡Å›±¹²¹±è²¹³Ù¾± returned to the palace leaving ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« with ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô and his parents. As soon as ´¡Å›±¹²¹±è²¹³Ù¾± had returned, ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« discarded her ornaments and assumed the dress suitable to life in the forest and lived with them.
The death of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô.
It was nearly a year and the day of death of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô was fast approaching. There were only four days more. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« had taken a vow lasting for three days. Dyumatsena dissuaded her from taking fast. She completed the fast. There was left only one night more. She kept awake for the whole night. Morning came. Though she ended her fast she had not taken any food. Dyumatsena wanted to know the reason. She humbly said that she would eat only after sun-set.
As usual ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô took his axe and started for the wood. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« also followed him.
³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô:â€�"You have never accompanied me before. Moreover you are very weak on account of the fast. Then how can you come with me?"
³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«: "I am not at all weak by the fast and vow. I want to come with you. I pray, don't hinder me."
At last ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô consented after getting the permission of his parents. Both went to the forest to gather fruits and roots. They gathered fruits and roots. Then ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô began to cut wood. By that exertion ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô sweated all over. He was affected by headache. "Let me lie down!" He said. The axe fell from his hand. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« caught her husband who was falling down and laid him on her lap. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« saw a person clad in blood-coloured garments, with red eyes and a rope in hand, coming towards them. He came to the spot and stood there looking at the body of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô. Realizing the person to be °Äå±ô²¹ (Deathgod) ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« stood up instantly and bowed before him.
³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«:â€�"Who are you Lord. What may be your object in coming here?"
Yama:—Hei, ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«. As you are a hermitess of chastity I may converse with you. I am Yama. I am come to take away the life of your husband."
³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«:â€�"Lord, I have heard that your messengers come and take away the souls. How is it that you have come in person today?"
Yama:—This ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô is a righteous man who is an ocean of good qualities. Messengers are not sent, in the cases of persons like him."
Saying thus Yama cast his rope and caught the soul of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« saw the body of her husband lying without life and soul. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« followed Yama who had gone to the south with the soul of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô.
Yama:—Child, you go back and conduct his funerals. You have followed your husband as far as you can.
³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ«:—I am coming to the place where my husband is being taken. That is the duty of a wife. What impediment is there on my way to follow you, when I have the merits of vow, fast, devotion to my elders, love and regard for my husband and the good will of yourself, my Lord."
When Yama realized that it was difficult to send ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« back, he asked ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« to ask for any boon. Yama was prepared to give anything except the life of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô. She requested for the recovery of sight by Dyumatsena. Yama granted it. Still ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« did not turn back. Yama asked her to pray for one more boon. She requested for the recovery of the lost kingdom of Dyumatsena. Yama sanctioned that request also. Still she followed Yama, who was ready to grant her a third boon. She requested: "My father may, please be given a hundred sons who would continue the family. Yama granted that too. But she did not turn back. Yama told her that she might ask for a fourth boon. She said: "I may be given a hundred sons born directly from ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô. Yama granted this fourth boon also. Then ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« asked Yama how the boon would be realized unless the life of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô was given back to him. Yama was pleased with her at her love and devotion for her husband and returned the life of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô. Yama blessed her that she and ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô would live for hundred years.
Yama disappeared. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« returned and sat there taking the body of ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô on her lap. ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô came to life. Both of them rose up. Night came on. It was dark. They could not find the way. ³§²¹³Ù²â²¹±¹Äå²Ô wanted to reach their hermitage somehow. ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« took the axe and supporting her husband in the dim moon light, walked to the hermitage.
Dyumatsena got sight. He started with his wife in search of his children, and walked about in the forest. At last all of them met together. They reached home. Then ³§Äå±¹¾±³Ù°ùÄ« told them all that had happened. Everyone was delighted. Then some people from ³§Äå±ô±¹²¹ came to the hermitage. They said that the minister had killed the King, that the people had expelled the minister, and that they had come to request Dyumatsena to return to his country and to resume the reign. Accordingly all of them returned to ³§Äå±ô±¹²¹. Dyumatsena was anointed as the King of ³§Äå±ô±¹²¹. (²Ñ²¹³óÄå²ú³óÄå°ù²¹³Ù²¹ Vana Parva, Chapters 293 to 299).