Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.391
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.391:
啶啶︵啶� 啶む啶侧啶ぐ啷傕お啶む啶掂ぞ啶氞啶涏ぞ啶侧啶傕じ啷嵿い啶距え啶苦い啶� 啶︵啶多啶い啷� 啷�
啶溹ぞ啶む啶き啷囙う啶距い啷� 啶� 啶忇さ啶距く啶た啶むた 啶た啶ㄠ啶ㄠ啶洁き啶苦ぇ啷�啶い啷� 啷� 啷┼ク啷� 啷�bhedena tulyar奴patv膩cch膩l墨峁僺t膩niti d峁浥泍ate |
j膩tyabhed膩t sa ev膩yamiti bhinno'bhidh墨yate || 391 ||391. Even where there is difference one sees the expression 鈥渢hose rice-grains鈥�, because of resemblance and what are different are spoken of as the same because of the same universal.
Commentary
[Due to common attributes, difference is ignored and a different rice is referred to as the same. Similarly, we use such expressions as 鈥榯he same clothes are being worn鈥�. Understanding of same-ness is due not only to the existence of a common property, but also to the same universal, as in the expression: 鈥榣et four brahmins bring the water pot鈥�. The individual differences of the brahmins are ignored and they are all referred to by the same word, because of their common 箩腻迟颈. Similarly, here also due to proximity arising from a common attribute or a common universal, the question of the identity of the standard and the object of comparison can arise.]
It is now stated that the question of their difference can also arise.