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Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari

by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words

The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...

This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.257:

तत्रासति नञ� वृत्तेर्ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियादिभिः �
विशेषणविशेष्यत्व� कल्प्यते कुब्जखञ्जवत् � २५� �

tatrāsati naño vṛtter󳾲ṇakṣatriyādibhi� |
viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyatva� kalpyate kubjañᲹvat || 257 ||

257. Therefore, as the negative particle stands for non-existence in general, the relation of qualifier and qualified with 󳾲ṇa. kṣattriya etc. is understood as in the case of kubja and ñᲹ.

Commentary

[As the negative particle stands for non-existence in general, the three views become possible, because it can be combined with words expressive of a particular non-existence like 󳾲ṇa and the relation of qualifier and qualified between the two will depend upon the speaker’s intention as in the case of the words Kubja and ñᲹ which can be compounded into Kubja-ñᲹ = ‘hump-backed and lame� or into ñᲹ-Kubja = ‘lame and hump-backed�, according to one’s wish, the relation of qualifier and qualified being different each time.]

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