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Linga Purana

by J. L. Shastri | 1951 | 265,005 words | ISBN-10: 812080340X | ISBN-13: 9788120803404

This page describes The greatness of Narayana which is chapter 1 of the English translation of the Linga Purana, traditionally authored by Vyasa in roughly 11,000 Sanskrit verses. It deals with Shaiva pilosophy, the Linga (symbol of Shiva), Cosmology, Yugas, Manvantaras, Creation theories, mythology, Astronomy, Yoga, Geography, Sacred pilgrimage guides (i.e., Tirthas) and Ethics. The Lingapurana is an important text in Shaivism but also contains stories on Vishnu and Brahma.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

Chapter 1 - The greatness of ⲹṇa

The Sages said:

1. By what is ṛṣṇa[1] the lord of the chiefs of all Devas, satisfied? O ūٲ, it behoves you to mention this as you are conversant with all topics.

ūٲ said:

2. O leading brahmins, formerly the great sage 첹ṇḍⲹ[2] of great splendour was asked by īṣa[3] (the same question). I shall recount it precisely.

īṣa said:

3. O sage 첹ṇḍⲹ, you are the master of all virtuous rites. O sage of great intellect, you are an ancient one and an expert in the teachings of the ʳܰṇa.

4. O highly intelligent sage of good holy rites, what is the most excellent one among the holy divine rites for the devotees of ⲹṇa? Recount it.

5. On hearing his words, 첹ṇḍⲹ stood up. With the palms joined in reverence, he remembered lord ⲹṇa, the unchanging ṛṣṇa, Acyuta, and said.

첹ṇḍⲹ said:

6-8. O king, listen duly to what I say. The remembrance of ⲹṇa, his worship, the devoted obeisance to him,—every one of these holy rites is on a par with the horse-sacrifice. 岹Բ is that excellent ʳܰṣa who is the only Being who is the greatest soul. and all other beings are born of him. Based on this fact I shall recount the chief Dharma as seen and understood by me.

9-12. Formerly, in the հܲ, there was a certain brahmin named ś첹 who was perpetually engaged in singing 峾Բ and was devoted to ܻ𱹲. He thought of him always whilst seated or taking food or lying down on the bed. He frequently sang songs of his noble activities. After reaching the holy centre or the excellent shrine of վṣṇ he used to sing in praise of վṣṇ by means of exquisite songs wherein the beating of the time, the intonation and the regulated rise and fall of the sounds contributed to make them sweet. He sang in different tunes pleasing to the ears, in diverse ways. He followed the path of devotion and subsisted solely on alms voluntarily offered by the people.

13. On seeing him singing thus in praise of the lord a certain brahmin. ʲ峾ṣa, gave him. cooked rice.

14. ś첹 of great refulgence partook of the rice with the members of his family. In great delight he continued to sing in praise of lord վṣṇ.

15-16. The brahmin ʲ峾ṣa continued to listen to the songs although he went out of the house now and then. After the lapse of some time, seven of the disciples of ś첹 came there. They were born of the families of brahmins, kings and śⲹ. They were pure and they excelled one another in wisdom and learning. They were devoted to ܻ𱹲.

17-20. To them also, ʲ峾ṣa served cooked rice. Perpetually accompanied by his disciples, ś첹 was delighted in his mind. In a holy centre of վṣṇ he sang in praise of վṣṇ and stayed there. There was a certain śⲹ . He was devoted to վṣṇ. With a delighted mind he used to offer him garlands of lights perpetually. His chaste wife ī used to scrub the environs of the holy shrine and smear cowdung all round. She used to sit beside her husband listening to the excellent music.

21. For hearing the songs in praise of վṣṇ fifty excellent brahmins of extolled holy rites came there from śٳ󲹱.[4]

22. They were wise and learned. They were conversant with the real meaning of what they learnt. Carrying out the tasks of the noble-souled ś첹, they stayed there listening to his songs.

23. The ability of ś첹 to sing sweetly became well known. On hearing about it, the king ṅg[5] came there and spoke in these words:

24. “O ś첹, accompanied by your attendants sing in praise of me. O ye people of śٳ󲹱, you too hear the same.

25-30. On hearing it, ś첹 said to the king in an appeasing tone:—“O great king, neither my tongue nor my words eulogise any one other than վṣṇ. They do not speak in praise of even Indra.�

When this was said, his seven disciples, viz�ղṣṭ, Gautama, Hari, ٲ, Citra, 侱ٰⲹ and Śś spoke to the king in the same way as ś첹 did.

The disciples from śٳ󲹱 who were devoted to վṣṇ also spoke thus to the king:—“O king these ears of ours do not wish to hear about anyone other than վṣṇ. We will hear the songs of his praise and never the eulogy of any other.�

On hearing this, the king became angry and spoke to his servants:—“Sing, ye, so that these brahmins may hear about my renown. When it is being sung about all round how can it be that they do not hear it?�

31-33. The servants who were ordered thus sang excellent songs about the king. Those brahmins whose way was blocked, became sad after the songs were over.

On realising the inclination of the king, ś첹 and other brahmins plugged one another’s ears by means of wooden pikes.

“This king has compelled his servants to sing obstructing us as he stands by his own songs of praise�. Saying thus, the brahmins of regular observances cut off the tips of their tongues with their own hands.

34-36. Then the infuriated king confiscated their riches and banished them from his kingdom. Thereupon, they went to the north. In due course of time they courted death. On seeing them come, Yama (God of death) was bewildered as to what should be done. At that time, O king īṣa, spoke to the chiefs of Devas: “comfortably accommodate ś첹 and other brahmins today.

37. Welfare unto ye all. If you wish to retain your Devahood bring those persons here who perpetually worship վṣṇ by means of music.�

38-39. The guardians of the quarters who were thus ordered, shouted “O ś첹� again and again. Some of them cried “O , O .� Others shouted “O ʲ峾ṣa, O ʲ峾ṣa�. They approached them, seized them and carried them to the world of by the aerial path. Those Devas reached the world of within a ѳܳūٲ.

40. On seeing ś첹 and others, the grandfather of the worlds greeted them. He honoured them by welcoming them.

41. O excellent king, on seeing what did Devas became excessively grave. There was great commotion among them.

42-50. Lord forbade the excellent Devas. He took ś첹 and other sages and hurried to the world of վṣṇ, with great devotion to ܻ𱹲. Lord վṣṇ was surrounded by Devas. Lord ⲹṇa, the lord of the path of knowledge, was being served by the splendid Siddhas who resided in the Śٲ屹ī貹.[6] They were devotees of վṣṇ with great mental concentration and purity. They had four divine arms. They were on a par with ⲹṇa. They were equipped with the characteristic signs of վṣṇ. They were brilliant and devoid of sins. He was served by those great people numbering eighty thousand, as also by people like us (i. e. 첹ṇḍⲹ) and by , Sanaka and other sinless souls. He was also served by different beings all round. Celestial women too served him. He was seated on a Bhadra Pīṭha (holy seat) in the middle of an aerial chariot that had a thousand doors, that extended to a thousand Yojanas in length. It was divine, bright as well as set with jewels. It was spotlessly pure and splendid with exquisite, diverse workmanship. վṣṇ glanced benignantly at them who were engaged in worldly affairs[7] (?) ś첹 and others surrounded the lord at that time. He came, prostrated and eulogised the ḍa-bannered lord. Glancing at him, lord վṣṇ, ⲹṇa said “O ś첹.� With great pleasure he addressed them in due order.

51. There was a great shout of victory when this wonderful event took place. The lord, the soul of the universe, said to Brahma—“O , listen to what is to be mentioned by me.

52. These brahmins who were the residents of śٳ󲹱 endeavoured for the welfare of everyone. They were engaged in achieving what had to be accomplished by ś첹.

53. They are engaged in listening to my glory. They are equipped with the knowledge of reality. They are not devoted to any other deity. May they all become Devas named .

54. Offer them entry to places near me as well as to other auspicious places, for ever�

After saying this, lord վṣṇ said to ś첹.

55. O brahmin of great intellect, accompanied always by your own disciples, be my attendant.[8] Attain the chieftancy of all my attendants and always remain with me.

56-57. Lord վṣṇ spoke thus to and Mālavi: “O , stay as you please in my world, along with your wife as long as this world lasts. Assume a divine form. Be a glorious lord. Listen to the songs of my praise.�

58-59. Lord վṣṇ said to ʲ峾ṣa, “Become the lord and the bestower of riches. Come to me in due course and visit me. Then happily rule over your kingdom.�

After saying thus, lord վṣṇ spoke to .

60. Thanks to the songs of ś첹, my yogic slumber is over. Accompanied by his disciples he eulogises me in the shrines dedicated to me.

61-67. He was banished from the kingdom by the cruel king ṅg. He cut off his tongue and resolved thus, “I will never eulogise anyone other than վṣṇ.� He has now attained my world. These brahmins who regularly practise observances, who are my devotees and who ate highly renowned plugged their ears by means of pikes. They resolved thus:—“We will never hear anything other than the glory of վṣṇ.� These brahmins have attained Deva-hood and my proximity. Accompanied by his wife, scrubbed and cleaned my holy centre. He decorated my shrines with clusters of lights. He used to worship me perpetually. He regularly listened to the songs of my glorious deeds. Hence, he has attained my eternal and massive world. This ʲ峾ṣa gave food to the noble ś첹. Hence, he has become the lord of riches and attained my proximity. So said վṣṇ in that assembly, վṣṇ who is worshipped by the entire world.

68-71. At that instant, there came ṣmī the consort of վṣṇ, slowly and smilingly. She was bedecked in ornaments of diverse kinds. She was accompanied by experts in the science of instrumental music and by those who were conversant with the function of the lute. They were charming in the use of sweet words. They sang in praise of ṣmī. She was surrounded by thousands and crores of ladies. On seeing her arrive, the chieftains of the attendants, who were as huge as mountains and who wielded iron clubs like śṇḍī[9] and Parigha[10] threateningly admonished and other Devas as well as sages making them recede to give way to her. They were delighted in their tasks.

72 - All of us (i. e. 첹ṇḍⲹ and others) went out along with and Devas. At that very time, Tumburu[11] the excellent sage was called.

73-75. He entered and stood near the goddess and the lord. Comfortably seated there, he sang exquisitely and played on the lute with delight. The excellent sage was worshipped by them and honoured with divine ornaments studded with jewels and splendid garlands. Tumburu was delighted, as also the other sages and Devas.

76-82. O king, the destroyer of enemies,[12] sage 岹 saw Tumburu depart after being duly honoured. On seeing the hospitable reception accorded to Tumburu by վṣṇ, 岹 was overwhelmed with grief affecting his eyes and heart. In the height of his grief he began to worry and ponder over, “By what means will I gain access to վṣṇ in the presence of the goddess? Alas! it has been attained by Tumburu. Fie upon me the stupid fellow of confounded mind. I have been driven out of the presence of վṣṇ by the attendants. Where shall I go? How can I live? Alas! a wonderful feat has been achieved by Tumburu�. Thinking thus, the brahmin sage performed penance for a thousand years according to divine reckoning. He did not even breathe. Reflecting on the hospitable reception to Tumburu, he meditated on վṣṇ. He repeatedly cried though he was a scholar and said, “Fie upon me.� O king, listen to what վṣṇ did in this regard.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

ṛṣṇa—son of Vasudeva and the eighth incarnation of վṣṇ. He is said to be a devotee of Ś.

[2]:

첹ṇḍⲹ—an ancient sage, son of ṛkṇḍ. He is the reputed author or narrator of the 첹ṇḍⲹ ʳܰṇa.

[3]:

īṣa—a descendant of Manu Vaivasvata and son of celebrated for his devotion to վṣṇ.

[4]:

śٳ󲹱 or śٳ󲹱ī, is the same as Dvarakā, near the extreme western promontory. It was the capital of the country ĀԲٲ in the peninsula of Gujarat. It is also one of the seven names of Ჹ⾱ī. Cf. 첹Ի岹ܰṇa. v.I.26.45.

[5]:

ṅg—here, name of a king.

[6]:

Śٲ-屹ī貹—It has not been possible to identify this is land. Colonel Wilford has attempted to identify it with Britain. See H.M. p. 153.

[7]:

loka--prasakta [prasaktānām]—according to Śtoṣiṇ�. it refers to Devas who look after the welfare of the people.

[8]:

digbandha [徱Ի�—sī貹ī Śtoṣiṇ�. a technical term meaning an attendant or a body-guard.

[9]:

bhuśuṇḍī—a kind of weapon, perhaps fire-arms. It is probably a contraction of bhuja-śٰ-ṇḍī (or śٰ-bhuja-ṇḍī), that which cuts the aria of the enemy.

[10]:

貹—a club studded with iron.

[11]:

ճܳ—a Gandharva, proficient in music.

[12]:

arindama—vocative case. It is addressed to īṣa to whom the story is being narrated.

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