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A PICTURE OF THE TIMES 79 Though the king was thus the most important limb of the state
it is surprising to note that his political or military achievements
had very little effect on the lives of the people. The wars against
other kingdoms were taken to be the normal occupation of the war-
rior class and were not considered worthy of literary record. This
would explain why a work like the SMK written by a king like
Bhoja, ever engaged in military exploits and political alliances, re-
mains completely silent on such activities.
The City and its Social Set-up
The city was the most important centre of all activities. A
picture of the cities of medieval India preserved in literature em-
phasises a highly rich and pompous way of living. All the wealth
of the State was concentrated there.
As stated above, the story of SMK is laid in the city of Dh膩r膩,
the capital of the Param膩ra rulers. The picturesque description of
Dh膩r膩 with its wealth of details throw interesting light on some
of the important features of the city and its planning which was as
important in those days as it is today. Bhoja in his Samar膩nga峁嘺-
s奴tradh膩ra devotes a whole chapter to town-planning. 19 The details
of the layout of the city and life therein are dealt with here in order
to bring into bolder relief the continuity of our cultural traditions,
whose roots can be traced as far back as Kautilya's times.
It was
It was
On
The city (puri, nagar墨) had an outer wail (pr膩k膩ra). 20
whitewashed; for it is described as being white as snow.
circular in form and was studded with various precious stones.
it were watch-towers (a峁�峁�膩laka), 21 with high decorative indentation
(uttunga kapi艣ir峁�aka).虏虏 The city wall had four gateways (pratol墨) 23
While on the other hand Ghu岣峚 was unnecessarily harassed, put in prison
and fined by king Vajramuku峁璦. King Samarasimha first eagerly sent his men
to punish Ratnadatta and in the last tale we read that the queen's nose and
ears were cut off and she was put in prison and M眉ladeva's wife and the
merchant were deported by the king.
19. Book I, 10. gefa脿mera矛 2314: The features of the city described in this work
are mentioned in the SS, so it has been quoted often.
20.
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啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距�曕ぞ啶班お啶班た啶栢ぞ啶熰�嵿�熰ぞ啶侧う啷嵿さ啶距ぐ啶班ぅ啷嵿く啶距ぇ啷嵿さ啶�啶苦�� 啶膏す 啷� ( [pr膩k膩raparikh膩峁�峁�膩ladv膩rarathy膩dhvabhi岣� saha || ( ] SS, I, 10, 1)
21. The watchtowers were in four directions.
啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距�曕ぞ啶班�囙そ啶熰�嵿�熰ぞ啶侧�曕ぞ啶膏�嵿い啶膏�嵿ぎ啶苦え啷� 啶︵た啶曕�嵿し啷� 啶︵た啶曕�嵿し啷� 啶氞い啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啶苦ぇ啶�啷� 啷�
( [pr膩k膩re'峁�峁�膩lak膩stasmin dik峁�u dik峁�u caturvidham |
(] Ibid., vs 31)
22. The kapisir峁�aka is a very old architectural feature. Together with the moat
and towers it is mentioned in Kautilya's Artha艣膩stra, Book II, chapter III. In
Pr盲krit it is called Kausisaga. SS. gives its measure in height to be an hand.
啶灌じ啷嵿い啷嬥�氞�嵿�氞�� 啶曕お啶苦ざ啷�啶班�嵿し啶曕�� 啶膏�嵿く啶距い啷� 啷� ( [hastocca峁� kapi艣墨r峁�aka峁� sy膩t | (] SS, I, 10, 30 ) .
23. The modern word Pola is derived from the word pratoli, Pr膩krit paoli.
啶曕�佮ぐ啷嵿く啶距い啷� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶む�嬥げ啷�啶� 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙し啷� 啶�啶灌ぞ啶︵�嵿さ啶距ぐ啷囙し啷嵿さ啶� 啶︵�冟あ啶距�� 啷�
啶︵�冟あ啶距ぐ啷嵿�椸げ啶距ざ啷嵿�氞�囙え啷嵿う啷嵿ぐ啶曕��啶侧ぞ啶� 啶曕お啶距�熰お啶班た啶樴ぞ啶ㄠ�嵿さ啶苦い啶距�� 啷� [kury膩t pratol墨岣� sarve峁�u mah膩dv膩re峁�vatha d峁涐笉h膩岣� |
d峁涐笉h膩rgal膩艣cendrak墨l膩岣� kap膩峁璦parigh膩nvit膩岣� | ] ss vs. 38.