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Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

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क्षीरो-दध�-जठ�-भव� सह-जन्म� का�-कूटस्य �
तद� अप� � � सितो � शिति� कौस्तु� एक� स्वाभावत� रक्त� ||

kṣīro-dadhi-Ჹṻ-󲹱� saha-ᲹԳ kāla-kūṭasya |
tad api ca na sito na śپ� kaustubha 첹� svābhāvato ٲ� ||

ṣīr—of milk; udadhi—t ocean; Ჹṻ—was inside; 󲹱�—whose origin; saha—[occured] along with; ᲹԳ—whose origin; ūṭaⲹ—[the origin] of the ūṭa poison; tat api£𱹱ٳ; ca na£ǰ; ٲ�white; na£dz; śپ�black; 첹ܲٳܲ�—t Kaustubha jewel; 첹�—uԾܱ; 屹ٲ�£ٳܰ; ٲ�.

The Kaustubha jewel appeared from the Milk Ocean along with the black ūṭa poison. Still, the Kaustubha is unique as it is neither white nor black: It is naturally red. (ṅk-첹ܲٳܲ 8.294)

This is ʲṇḍٲ-Ჹ Բٳ’s example:

kucābhyām ālīḍha� sahaja-kaṭhinābhyām api rame
  na kāṭhinya� dhatte tava hṛdayam atyanta-mṛdulam
|
mṛgāṅgānām antar janani nivasantī khalu cira�
  na kastūrī dūrī-bhavati nija-saurabhya-vibhavāt
||

“O Mother ṣmī, your heart is extremely soft. Although connected with your naturally hard breasts, it does not acquire hardness. Indeed, abiding for a long time within a body part of deer, musk does not remain far from the affluence of its own fragrance� (Rasa-ṅg󲹰).

Poetically speaking, one might assume that the fragrance of musk dissipates as fast as a deer runs away.[1] Two ٲ-ṇa ornaments occur in the verse, and the second one takes the form of the ṛṣṭānٲ ornament.[2]

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

Musk is a substance secreted in the glandular sac under the skin of the abdomen of the male musk deer, having a strong odor, and used in perfumery (Webster’s Dictionary).

[2]:

atra pūrvārdhe para-guṇāgrahaṇa� śābdam, sva-ṇa-tyāgābhāvas tv ٳ�. uttarārdhagate dṛṣṭānte sva-ṇa-tyāgābhāva� ś岹� para-guṇāgrahaṇa� tv ārtham (Rasa-ṅg󲹰, KM p. 514).

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