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艣补产诲补-肠颈迟谤补峁� 惫腻肠测补-citram avya峁単ya峁� tv avara峁� 蝉尘峁泃补尘 ||1.5cd ||

艣补产诲补-citram鈥攁mazing because of the sounds; 惫腻肠测补-citram鈥攁mazing because of the literal meaning; 补惫测补峁単测补尘鈥摆poetry] wherein there is no implied sense; tu鈥攈辞飞别惫别谤; avaram鈥攁s inferior; 蝉尘峁泃补尘鈥攊s called (鈥渋s remembered鈥� i.e. is known from the tradition of poets).

Inferior poetry has no implied sense and is known as either 艣补产诲补-citra (amazing because of the sounds) or 惫腻肠测补-citra (amazing because of the literal meaning).

sphu峁璦-vya峁単ya-rahita峁� tad idam avara峁� 办腻惫测补峁� citram ity abhidh墨yate. tac ca 艣补产诲补-citram artha-citram iti dvi-vidham.

Poetry devoid of an obvious implied meaning is third-rate and is called citra (amazing). There are two kinds: 艣补产诲补-citra (amazing because of an ornament of sound) and artha-citra (amazing because of an ornament of meaning).

Commentary:

The terms artha-citra and 惫腻肠测补-citra are synonymous. Third-rate poetry is the topic of chapter six. This type of poetry, called citra (amazing) or avara-办腻惫测补 (inferior poetry), is not exactly the same as citra-办腻惫测补 (picture poetry) (9.37). Mamma峁璦 indicates that citra-办腻惫测补 is third-rate poetry,^[1] but that is not the case when a citra-办腻惫测补 verse is outstanding. 搁奴辫补 骋辞蝉惫腻尘墨 and Kavikar峁嘺p奴ra raised the standards of citra-办腻惫测补. 膧苍补苍诲补惫补谤诲丑补苍补 equated citra and citra-办腻惫测补 simply because the citra-办腻惫测补 verses of old-school poets did not have a rasa nor a significant implied sense.^[2] Mamma峁璦 partly reiterates 膧苍补苍诲补惫补谤诲丑补苍补鈥檚 methodology.

In the 蝉奴迟谤补, the word 蝉尘峁泃补 (remembered) signifies that the concepts were taken from a previous authoritative author: The three categories of poetry were invented by 膧苍补苍诲补惫补谤诲丑补苍补.^[3] Mamma峁璦 added the term avara (inferior) as a synonym of citra (third-rate poetry). In this regard, Kavikar峁嘺p奴ra follows Mamma峁璦 as usual, but he changed the terms 艣补产诲补-citra and artha-citra to 艣补产诲补-vaicitrya and artha-vaicitrya (础濒补峁卥腻谤补-kaustubha 1.20-21).

In essence, in 艣补产诲补-citra, an ornament of sound is predominant and an ornament of meaning is secondary, whereas in artha-citra, an ornament of meaning is predominant and an ornament of sound is secondary. However, if by nature the ornament of meaning inherently contains an implied sense, such as an implied similarity in a metaphor, the poetry can be considered second-rate (Commentary 5.16).

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

tac 肠颈迟谤补峁� var峁嚹乶膩峁� kha岣峠膩dy-腻办峁泃颈-丑别迟耻迟腻 (碍腻惫测补-辫谤补办腻艣补 9.85) (厂腻丑颈迟测补-办补耻尘耻诲墨 9.37).

[2]:

vya峁単yasy膩rthasya pr膩dh膩nye dhvani-sa峁僯帽ita-办腻惫测补-辫谤补办腻谤补岣� 驳耻峁嘺-bh膩ve tu gu峁嚹玝h奴ta-vya峁単yat膩. tato鈥檔yad rasa-bh膩v膩di-t膩tparya-rahita峁� vya峁単y膩rtha-惫颈艣别峁�a-辫谤补办腻艣补na-艣补办迟颈-艣奴苍测补峁� ca 办腻惫测补峁� kevala-惫腻肠测补-惫腻肠补办补-vaicitrya-m膩tr膩艣raye峁噊panibaddham 膩lekhya-prakhya峁� yad 膩bh膩sate tac citram (顿丑惫补苍测腻濒辞办补 3.42).

[3]:

辫谤补诲丑腻苍补-驳耻峁嘺-bh膩v膩bhy膩峁� vya峁単yasyaiva峁� vyavasthite, k膩vye ubhe tato鈥檔yad yat tac citram abhidh墨yate, 鈥淭here are two kinds of poetry, depending on whether an implied sense is first-rate or second-rate. What is other than that is called citra (amazing)鈥� (顿丑惫补苍测腻濒辞办补 3.41).