Triguna, 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺, Tri-guna: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Triguna means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
: Google Books: Essentials of AyurvedaOut of 迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺蝉 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) of Indian philosophy 膧yurveda recognizes sattva as pure while the other two鈥�rajas and tamas鈥攁re regarded as 诲辞峁蝉 (which vitiate the mind); they are known as 尘腻苍补蝉补诲辞峁.
: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�):鈥擳he three primary attributes of universe and also the properties of manas: Sattva, Rajas and Tamas
膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Samkhya (school of philosophy)
: Shodhganga: Prakrti and purusa in Samkhyakarika an analytical review罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�, 鈥渃onstituted of three 驳耻峁嘺蝉鈥�).鈥擜mong the six characteristics of 辫谤补办峁泃颈 鈥�迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺鈥� is the most important one. Because, it is clearly mentioned in S腻峁僰hyak腻rik腻 14 that the five characteristics of vyakta and avyakta, other than 迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺尘, are established on the basis of the presence of the three 驳耻峁嘺蝉 (迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺) in them and absence in 辫耻谤耻峁. According to S腻峁僰hyak腻rik腻 12, the three 驳耻峁嘺蝉 dominate, support and active one another and interact among themselves to create the world.
Samkhya (啶膏ぞ啶傕啷嵿く, S腻峁僰hya) is a dualistic school of Hindu philosophy (astika) and is closeley related to the Yoga school. Samkhya philosophy accepts three pramanas (鈥榩roofs鈥�) only as valid means of gaining knowledge. Another important concept is their theory of evolution, revolving around prakriti (matter) and purusha (consciousness).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation1) 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) [=骋耻峁嘺迟谤补测补] refers to the 鈥渢hree 驳耻峁嘺蝉鈥�, as mentioned in the 惭补丑腻尘峁泃测耻帽箩补测补-尘补苍迟谤补, according to the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 2.2.38.鈥擜ccordingly, as 艢ukra related the Mah腻m峁泃yu帽jaya to Dadh墨ca:鈥斺�淲e worship the three-eyed lord 艢iva, the lord of the three worlds, the father of the three spheres, the lord of the three 驳耻峁嘺蝉 (i.e., 迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺). Lord 艢iva is the essence, the fragrance of the three tattvas, three fires, of every thing that is trichotomised, of the three worlds, of the three arms and of the trinity. He is the nourisher. In all living beings, everywhere, in the three 驳耻峁嘺蝉, in the creation, in the sense-organs, in the Devas and Ga峁嘺s, he is the essence as the fragrance in a flower. He is the lord of Devas. [...]鈥�.
2) 罢谤颈驳耻峁嚹� (啶む啶班た啶椸啶｀ぞ) refers to 鈥渙ne possessed of the three qualities鈥� and is used to describe the Goddess (e.g., Um腻/Durg腻/Sat墨), according to the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 2.3.4.鈥擜ccordingly, as the Gods eulogized Um腻 with devotion:鈥斺�淸...] thus eulogised by the Gods, the Goddess Durg腻, the mother of the universe, the destroyer of impassable distress, appeared in front of them. [...] She was the unequalled supreme illusion, the beautiful wife of Sad腻艣iva. She had all the three qualities (i.e., 罢谤颈驳耻峁嚹�) and was devoid of attributes also, she had been staying in the region of 艢iva鈥�.
Note: As the personified energy of the gods Vi峁ａ箛u, Brahm腻 and Rudra, representing the three qualities Sattva, Rajas and Tamas, the Goddess is called 鈥槹瞻辈党茚箛腻鈥� i.e. possessed of three qualities. But as the personified energy of 艢iva, who is the Supreme Being, devoid of attributes she is called Nirgu峁嚹�.
: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) refers to one of the names for the 鈥渟un鈥� [viz., 厂奴谤测补], according to the eulogy of the Sun by Manu in the 10th century 厂补耻谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺: one of the various Upapur腻峁嘺s depicting 艢aivism.鈥擜ccordingly, the 厂补耻谤补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 which is purely a 艢aivite work, though it purports to be revealed by the Sun, contains some references to practices of Saura Sects, and here and there it identifies 艢iva with the Sun. From the eulogy of the Sun by Manu it appears that the sun is the Supreme deity. He is [viz., 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺] [...] In another passage Manu while eulogizing the Sun god expresses that the Sun is another form of Lord 艢iva. [...]
The Purana (啶啶班ぞ啶�, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
: archive.org: Hindu Mathematics罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) represents the number 3 (three) in the 鈥渨ord-numeral system鈥� (产丑奴迟补蝉补峁僰丑测腻), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.鈥擜 system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 3鈥�迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the 艢腻stras, connote numbers.
Ganita (啶椸ぃ啶苦い) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) [=驳耻峁嘺迟谤补测补?] refers to the 鈥渢hree qualities鈥�, according to the Manth腻nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik腻.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] I will explain in due order that excellent tradition established in the houses (of the four transmissions) namely, the divine Western one, which is 艢腻mbhava and (so) is above all (others). This 艢腻mbhava (reality) is the Lord of the Universe, from which everything has emerged. The supreme energy is unmanifest and by means of (this) energy, the universe has come forth. The three qualities (驳耻峁嘺迟谤补测补) have come from the universe and from the (reality which is these) three qualities, the 艢腻mbhava transmission鈥�..
Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕啶�, 艣腻kta) or Shaktism (艣腻ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Vastushastra (architecture)
: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (vastu)罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) refers to one of the hundred types of Temples (in ancient Indian architecture), according to the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur腻峁嘺, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.鈥擨t is quite difficult to say about a definite number of varieties of Hindu temples but in the Vi峁ａ箛udharmottarapur腻峁嘺 hundred varieties of temples have been enumerated. For example, 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺. These temples are classified according to the particular shape, amount of storeys and other common elements, such as the number of pavilions, doors and roofs.
Vastushastra (啶掂ぞ啶膏啶む啶多ぞ啶膏啶む啶�, v腻stu艣腻stra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) refers to the 鈥渢hree Gu峁嘺s鈥�, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.鈥擜ccordingly, as 莫艣vara says to V腻madeva: 鈥淸...] [The Yogin] will obtain liberation by cutting with the razor of the no-mind [state] the tough cord of the three Gu峁嘺s (驳耻峁嘺迟谤补测补-may墨) that binds the self. Just as everything disappears [from view] as the sun sets, so, the whole network of [past] actions (karma) dissolves into the no-mind [state]. [...]鈥�.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 腻sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�) [=骋耻峁嘺迟谤补测补?] refers to the 鈥渢hree virtuous vows鈥�, according to the Yoga艣腻stra verse 2.1.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淎s far as a householder is concerned, the roots of orthodoxy are the five minor vows (补峁嘘惫谤补迟腻), the three virtuous [vows] (迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺鈥�gu峁嚹錽 traya岣�), [and] the four educational vows (艣颈办峁Ｄ鍁谤补迟补). [These twelve vows progressively bring him closer to the life of a mendicant]鈥�.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryTri-驳耻峁嘺.鈥�(IE 7-1-2), 鈥榯hree鈥�. Note: 迟谤颈-驳耻峁嘺 is defined in the 鈥淚ndian epigraphical glossary鈥� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥攏 (S) The three qualities incidental to created being, viz. satva, raja, tama.
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迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥攁 (S) Three-fold.
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English迟谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥�n The 3 qualities incidental to created being, viz. satva, raja, tama, a Threefold.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥�a.
1) consisting of three threads; 啶掂啶班い啶距く 啶啶炧啶溹啶� 啶む啶班た啶椸啶｀ぞ啶� 啶き啶距ぐ 啶ぞ啶 (vrat腻ya mau帽j墨峁� trigu峁嚹遽箖 babh腻ra y腻m) Kum腻rasambhava 5.1.
2) three-times repeated, thrice, treble, threefold, triple; 啶膏お啷嵿い 啶掂啶い啷�啶啶膏啶む啶班た啶椸啶｀ぞ啶ㄠた 啶むじ啷嵿く (sapta vyat墨yustrigu峁嚹錸i tasya) (诲颈苍腻苍颈) R.2. 25.
3) containing the three Gu峁嘺s 啶膏い啷嵿い啷嵿さ, 啶班啶膏 (sattva, rajas) and 啶むぎ啶膏 (tamas).
-峁嘺尘 the Pradh腻na (in S腻峁�. phil.); (-ind.) three times; in three ways.
罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms tri and 驳耻峁嘺 (啶椸啶�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥攎fn.
(-峁嘺岣�-峁嚹�-峁嚹�-峁嘺峁�) 1. Thrice, three times, triple. 2. Possessing the three Gunas or properties. n.
(-峁嘺峁�) The aggregate of the three qualities incident to human nature. E. tri three, 驳耻峁嘺 a time or property.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥擨. m. pl. the three principal qualities, [Bh腻gavata-Pur腻峁嘺, (ed. Burnouf.)] 4, 24, 28. Ii. adj. 1. consisting of three strings, [Kum腻rasa峁僢hava, (ed. Stenzler.)] 5, 10. 2. three times as many, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 5, 137.,
罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms tri and 驳耻峁嘺 (啶椸啶�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥�1. [masculine] [plural], [neuter] sgl. the three qualities (ph.).
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罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�).鈥�2. [adjective] consisting of three threads or strings; threefold, triple, [neuter] [adverb]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�):鈥擺=迟谤颈-驳耻峁嘺] [from tri] n. sg. the 3 Gu峁嘺s (sattva, rajas, and tamas), [Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺 iv]
2) [v.s. ...] m. [plural] idem, [Tattvasam腻sa]
3) [v.s. ...] mf(腻)n. containing them, [艢vet腻艣vatara-upani峁d; Manu-sm峁泃i i, 15; S腻峁僰hyak腻rik腻; Kapila]
4) [v.s. ...] consisting of 3 threads or strings, [艢腻峁卥h腻yana-艣rauta-s奴tra; K腻ty腻yana-艣rauta-s奴tra; Kum腻ra-sambhava v, 10]
5) [v.s. ...] threefold, thrice as great or as much, triple, [K腻ty腻yana-艣rauta-s奴tra; Manu-sm峁泃i]
6) [v.s. ...] (sapta tri-gu峁嚹錸i 诲颈苍腻苍颈, 3 x 7 days), [Raghuva峁兣沘 ii, 25]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�):鈥擺迟谤颈-驳耻峁嘺] (峁嘺岣�-峁嚹�-峁嘺峁�) a. Thrice; having the three qualities. n. Aggregate of the three qualities.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (嗖む硩嗖班部嗖椸硜嗖�):鈥�
1) [noun] collectively the three types of fundamental qualities, they being, a) virtue, merit, excellence, b) dynamism, vigour, c) ignorance, wickedness, excessive selfishness.
2) [noun] the quantity that is three times the other quantity.
3) [noun] that which is made of or having three strings or threads.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺 (啶む啶班た啶椸啶�):鈥攏. three Gunas (啶椸啶� [驳耻峁嘺 ] : 啶膏い啷嵿く, 啶班, [satya, raja, ] and 啶むぎ [tama] ); adj. having all three Gunas;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Trigunadhara, Trigunadhisha, Trigunadhyana, Trigunakarna, Trigunakhya, Trigunakrita, Trigunakuta, Trigunam, Trigunamayi, Trigunaparivara, Trigunatatva, Trigunatma, Trigunatmaka, Trigunesha.
Full-text (+19): Trigunakrita, Trigunakarna, Trigunam, Trigunakuta, Traigunya, Trigunaparivara, Traigunika, Trigunatmaka, Trigunatatva, Gunatraya, Trigunadhisha, Trivarga, Auccya, Trigunesha, Trigunatma, Trigunamayi, Trigunakhya, Trigunikritya, Trigunadhara, Nistraigunya.
Relevant text
Search found 79 books and stories containing Triguna, Tri-驳耻峁嘺, 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺, Tri-guna, 罢谤颈驳耻峁嚹�, Tri-gu峁嚹�, Tri-gunas; (plurals include: Trigunas, 驳耻峁嘺蝉, 罢谤颈驳耻峁嘺s, gunas, 罢谤颈驳耻峁嚹錽, gu峁嚹錽, gunases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
Redefining triguna theory w.s.r to human nature and metabolism < [2016, Issue I January]
Interrelation between tridosa and triguna < [2017, Issue IX, September]
Explore the alliance of mana (mind) with triguna: a review < [2017, Issue VIII August,]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Ganitatilaka (Sanskrit text and English introduction) (by H. R. Kapadia)
Page 95 < [Sanskrit Text of the Ganitatilaka]
Page 142 < [Sanskrit Text of the Ganitatilaka]
Page 102 < [Sanskrit Text of the Ganitatilaka]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 8.121 < [Section XX - Penalty for Perjury]
Verse 8.369 < [Section XLVI - Adultery]
Verse 5.135 < [Section XIII - Purification of Substances]
Prasthanatrayi Swaminarayan Bhashyam (Study) (by Sadhu Gyanananddas)
2.1. S腻峁僰hya Dar艣ana < [Chapter 1 - Introduction]
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Concept of triguna and its utility in defining different personalities < [2020: Volume 9, December issue 15]
Concept of manasa prakriti described in sushruta samhita < [2014: Volume 3, May issue 3]
A comparative pharmaceutical study of dwigunakhya rasa and triguna rasa < [2022: Volume 11, May issue 5]