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Sphota, ṭa, ṭ�: 26 definitions

Introduction:

Sphota means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Sfot.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Rasashastra (Alchemy and Herbo-Mineral preparations)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstra

ṭa (स्फो�) refers to the “breaking of the skin�, a side-effect of the incorrect use of certain metals. It is used throughout 鲹śٰ literature, such as the 鲹śܻ첹.

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

: Asian Agri-History: Paśu Āyurvēda (Veterinary Medicine) in Garuḍapurāṇa

ṭa (स्फो�) refers to “eruption� (e.g., Vāriṭa—‘bulbous eruption�), according to Āyurveda sections in the Garuḍapurāṇa.—[Treatment of -ṭa (bulbous eruption) in Haya and Keśara (horses and bullocks)]—When Haya and Keśara (horses and bullocks) are suffering from ṭa (bulbous eruption) the leaves of Śarapuṅkha (Tephrosia purpurea) with ṇa (rock salt) is advised.

Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)

: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha Chikitsa

ṭa (स्फो�) (or ṭakā) is the name of an ingredient used in the treatment of Maṇḍalī-snake-bites, according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—A number of different permutation and combination of herbs are prescribed as Lepa and Pāna for removing the poison of Maṇḍalī snakes.—According to the Kāśyapasaṃhitā verse 9.74cd: “A drink made out of boiling the root of ṭa (ṭa峾ū) in milk effectively quells the poison�.

Ayurveda book cover
context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

: Shodhganga: Vaiyākaraṇabhūṣaṇasāra: a critical study

ṭa (स्फो�).—Internal word (ś岹) which communicates the meaning. It is revealed when the word is uttered by the speaker and heard by the addresses.

: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

ṭa (स्फो�).—Name given to the radical Sabda which communicates the meaning to the hearers as different from ध्वन� (dhvani) or the sound in ordinary experience. The Vaiyakaranas,who followed Panini and who were headed by Bhartruhari entered into discussions regarding the philosophy of Grammar, and introduced by way of deduction from Panini's grammar, an important theory that शब्द (ś岹) which communicates the meaning is different from the sound which is produced and heard and which is merely instrumental in the manifestation of an internal voice which is called Sphota. स्फुटयतेने� अर्थ� इत� स्फोटः (ṭayatenena artha� iti ṭa�) or स्फोटः शब्द� ध्वनिस्तस्� व्यायम�-दुपजायते (ṭa� śabdo dhvanistasya vyāyamā-dupajāyate) Vakyapadiya; cf. also अभ�-व्यक्तवादक� मध्यमावस्थ आन्तरः शब्द� (abhi-vyakta岹ko madhyamāvastha āntara� ś岹�) Kaiyata's Pradipa. For, details see Vakyapadiya I and Sabdakaustubha Ahnika 1. It is doubtful whether this Sphota theory was. advocated before Panini. The word स्फोटायन (ṭҲԲ) has been put by Panini in the rule अवङ् स्फोटायनस्� (ava� ṭҲԲsya) only incidentally and, in fact, nothing can be definitely deduced from it although Haradatta says that स्फोटायन (ṭҲԲ) was the originator of the स्फोटवाद (ṭa岹). The word स्फो� (ṭa) is not actually found in the Pratisakhya works. However, commentators on the Pratisakhya works have introduced it in their explanations of the texts which describe वर्णोत्पत्ति (ṇoٱ貹ٳپ) or production of sound; cf. com. on R.Pr.XIII.4, T.Pr. II.1. Grammarians have given various kinds of sphota; cf. स्फोटो द्विधा � व्यक्तिस्फोट� जातिस्फोटश्च� व्यक्त�-स्पोटः सखण्� अखण्डश्च � सखण्ड। वर्णपदवाक्�-भेदे� त्रिधा� अखण्डः पदवाक्यभेदेन द्विधा � एव� पञ्च व्यक्तिस्फोटाः� जातिस्फोटः वर्ण-पदवाक्यभेदेन त्रिधा� इत्येवमष्ट� स्फोटः तत्र अखण्डवाक्यस्फो� एव मुख्� इत� नव्याः � वाक्� जातिस्फो� इत� तु प्राञ्चः� (sphoṭo dvidhā | vyaktisphoṭo jātiṭaśca| vyakti-spoṭa� sakhaṇḍa akhaṇḍaśca | sakhaṇḍa| varṇapadavākya-bhedena tridhā| akhaṇḍa� padavākyabhedena dvidhā | eva� pañca vyaktisphoṭāḥ| jātiṭa� varṇa-padavākyabhedena tridhā| ityevamaṣṭau ṭa� tatra akhaṇḍavākyaṭa eva mukhya iti navyā� | vākya jātiṭa iti tu prāñcaḥ||); cf. also पदप्रकृतिः संहिता इत� प्रातिशाख्यमत्� मानम� � पदानां प्रकृतिरित� षष्ठीतत्पुरुष� अखण्डवाक्यस्फो-टपक्षः � बहुव्रीहौ सखण्डबाक्यस्फोटः � (padaprakṛti� saṃhitā iti prātiśākhyamatra mānam | padānā� prakṛtiriti ṣaṣṭhītatpuruṣe akhaṇḍavākyaspho-ṭapakṣa� | bahuvrīhau sakhaṇḍabākyaṭa� ||)

Vyakarana book cover
context information

Vyakarana (व्याकर�, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

ṭa (स्फो�) (Cf. ) refers to the “manifestor� (of the universe) symbolizing Sound (岹), according to Kṣemarāja in his commentaries on the Netratantra and the Svacchandabhairavatantra, which is well known to the Kubjikā Tantras.—‘Sound� () is the name given to the pulse (spanda) of the supreme level of Speech (parā vāc), which animates the highest reality. [...] As this Sound is the denotator of the world of objects, which are its denoted meaning, it manifests (ṭaپ) the universe, and so is called the ‘manifestor� (ṭa). As such it is the aggregate of phonemic energies (ś岹grāma) that generates the universe identified with the Sound Absolute (ś岹brahman)—the absolute reality in the form of sound (󱹲Ծū貹, ś岹nasvabhāva). Viewed from the reverse perspective, Sound is the resonance that follows the Point that condenses the energy of mantra, which, through Sound, merges into Śiva’s energy. Accordingly, it is defined as that which remains of the synthetic awareness of the conscious subject in itself when the duality of thought comes to an end. [...]�.

Shaktism book cover
context information

Shakta (शाक्�, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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General definition (in Hinduism)

: Google Books: Tantra, Its Mystic and Scientific Basis

Mādhavācārya, while enumerating the philosophy of Paṇini, says: ‘The eternal word is called ṭa. . . .� ṭa is nothing but the bursting of the Kāmabīja. It is the first sound.

: WikiPedia: Hinduism

ṭa (स्फो�, the Sanskrit for "bursting, opening", "spurt") is an important concept in the Indian grammatical tradition of Vyakarana, relating to the problem of speech production, how the mind orders linguistic units into coherent discourse and meaning.

In his Ѳṣy, Patañjali (2nd century BCE) uses the term ṭa to denote the sound of language, the universal, while the actual sound (dhvani) may be long or short, or vary in other ways. This distinction may be thought to be similar to that of the present notion of phoneme. Bhatrihari however, applies the term ṭa to each element of the utterance, varṇa the letter or syllable, pada the word, and vākya the sentence. In order to create the linguistic invariant, he argues that these must be treated as separate wholes (varṇaṭa, padaṭa and vākyaṭa respectively). For example, the same speech sound or varṇa may have different properties in different word contexts (e.g. assimilation), so that the sound cannot be discerned until the whole word is heard.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

ṭa (स्फो�) [=ṭa첹?] refers to “bursting (the heart of all Nāgas)� (according to the Jvalitavajrāśanituṇḍā-dhāraṇ�) [i.e., sarvanāgahṛdayāni ṭakāya hū� pha� svāhā], according to the ղٳṇḍⲹ첹貹Ჹ, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many ūٰ of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā ūٰ.

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Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan Buddhist Teachers, Deities and other Spiritual beings

ṭ� (स्फोटा) refers to one of the �Forty-two Peaceful Deities� (Tibetan: zhi ba'i lha zhe gnyis) according to various sources such as the Guhyagarbha Tantra and the Tibetan Book of the Dead.—They feature in Tantric teachings and practices which focus on purifying elements of the body and mind. These deities [e.g., ṭā] form part part of the the Hundred Peaceful and Wrathful Deities who manifest to a deceased person following the dissolution of the body and consciousness whilst they are in the intermediate state (bardo) between death and rebirth.

ṭ� is also known as Śṛṅkhalā, Siṃhavaktra or Siṃhamukhā, Siṃhāsyā. She is known in Tibetan as: (1) lcags sgrog ma or (2) seng gdong ma. She is the consort of Hayagrīva and is part of the “Four Female Gatekeepers�.

: MUNI Arts: Kalachakra and the twenty-five Kulika kings of Shambhala

ṭa (स्फो�) or “iron chain� refers to one of the attributes of Aja or Rigden Gyalka—one of the Twenty-five Kulikas as well as one of the traditional Shambhala rulers.—His attributes are a club and iron chain (Sanskrit: Śṛṅkhalā, ṭa; Tibetan: chagdrog [lchags sgrog]).—Rigden Gyalka is known in Tibetan (wylie) as rgyal dka'; and in Sanskrit as: Kulika Durjaya or Aja.

ṭa (स्फो�) or “iron chain� also represents one of the attributes of վԳٲ or Rigden Namparnon.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (Բ) are collected indepently.

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In Jainism

Jain philosophy

: archive.org: Anekanta Jaya Pataka of Haribhadra Suri

ṭa (स्फो�) refers to “that by which the sense becomes clear�, as occurring in the ԱԳٲᲹⲹ貹-첹ṇa, a Śvetāmbara Jain philosophical work written by Haribhadra Sūri.—[Cf. Vol. I, P. 385, l. 7 & p. 393, ll. 3-7]—ṭa is explained in the super-commentary on p. 385 as one whereby the sense becomes clear. Further, it is said here that according to some it is directly realized by means of the sense of hearing and according to others by implication (ٳ貹ٳپ). That ṭa is eternal, all-pervading and uncreated and that is revealed by dhvanis produced by a person making an effort for it, is refuted on pp. 391 & 392.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

sphōṭa (स्फो�).—m (S) A boil, blain, blotch, blister, bladder, pustule, pimple. 2 Bursting, rending, ripping, breaking: also bursten or broken state. 3 Opening or opened state (of a flower, bud &c.)

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

sphōṭa (स्फो�).�m A boil; bursting; opened state. Explosion.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�).—[� karaṇe ghañ]

1) Breaking forth, splitting open, bursting.

2) Disclosure; as in नर्मस्फो� (narmaṭa).

3) A swelling, boil, tumour; अयमपरो गण्डस्थोपर� स्फोटः (ayamaparo gaṇḍasthopari ṭa�) Mu. 5.

4) The idea which bursts out or flashes on the mind when a sound is uttered, the impression produced on the mind at hearing a sound; बुधैर्वैयाकरणै� प्रधान- भूतस्फोटरूपव्यङ्ग्यव्यञ्जकस्� शब्दस्� ध्वनिरित� व्यवहारः कृतः (budhairvaiyākaraṇai� pradhāna- bhūtaṭarūpavyaṅgyavyañjakasya ś岹sya dhvaniriti vyavahāra� kṛta�) K. P.1; also see Sarva. S. (ṇiīⲹ岹śԲ).

5) The eternal sound recognised by the Mīmāṃsakas; दिशा� त्वमवकाशोऽसि दिशः खं स्फो� आश्रयः (diśā� tvamavakāśo'si diśa� kha� ṭa āśraya�) Bhāgavata 1.85.9; शृणोति � इम� स्फोटं सुपश्रोत्र� � शून्यदृक� (śṛṇoti ya ima� ṭa� supaśrotre ca śūnyadṛk) 12.6.4.

Derivable forms: ṭa� (स्फोटः).

--- OR ---

ṭ� (स्फोटा).—The expanded hood of a serpent.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

ṭ� (स्फोटा).�(in this meaning Sanskrit ṭana, [Boehtlingk]), snap of the fingers: mahā-sphoṭ�-saṃghāta-śabdena 󲹰ṇḍī첹 388.9 (prose), referring to, and synonymous with, acchaṭ�-saṃghāta- ś岹, just before, see acchaṭ�.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�).—m.

(-ṭa�) 1. A boil, a tumour. 2. Breaking, bursting. 3. Revealing, disclosure, (as in narmaṭa.) 4. The idea which bursts out or flashes on the mind when a sound is uttered. f.

(-ṭ�) The hood of the snake. E. to break or open, aff. ghañ .

--- OR ---

ṭ� (स्फोटा).—f.

(-ṭ�) The expanded hood of a snake.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�).—i. e. � + a, I. m. 1. Bursting, breaking. 2. A tumour, a boil, [śܳٲ] 2, 383, 10. 3. The eternal sound, in the Pūrva Mīmāṃsā. Ii. f. ṭ�, The hood of the snake.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�).—[masculine] bursting, splitting, opening, cracking, roaring; also = seq.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) ṭa (स्फो�):—[from ] a m. bursting, opening, expansion, disclosure (cf. narma-sph), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] extension (See kara-sph)

3) [v.s. ...] a swelling, boil, tumour, [Caraka; śܳٲ]

4) [v.s. ...] a little bit or fragment, chip, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

5) [v.s. ...] crackling, crash, roar, [Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]

6) [v.s. ...] (in [philosophy]) sound (conceived as eternal, indivisible, and creative), [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]

7) [v.s. ...] the eternal and imperceptible element of sounds and words and the real vehicle of the idea which bursts or flashes on the mind when a sound is uttered, [Patañjali]

8) ṭ� (स्फोटा):—[from ṭa > �] f. shaking or waving the arms, [Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]

9) [v.s. ...] the expanded hood of a snake (= or [wrong reading] for ṭ�), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) ṭa (स्फो�):—b ṭa첹 etc. See p. 1270, col. 3.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�):�(ṭa�) m. A boil or tumour; bursting. 1. f. Hood of a snake.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

ṭa (स्फो�) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: ḍa, ʳḍa, ʳḍāv.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«𱹾dzܲ Ա»] � Sphota in Hindi glossary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�) [Also spelled sfot]:�(nm) explosion, burst; the eternal and imperceptible element of sounds and words and the real vehicle of the idea which bursts or flashes on the mind when a sound is uttered; ~[] the philosophical doctrine of [ṭa] hence ~[ī] (a, nm).

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Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Sphōṭa (ಸ್ಫೋ�):�

1) [noun] a bursting suddenly (as from internal pressure).

2) [noun] a brief news report of something that has just happened; a news-flash.

3) [noun] a killing, murdering of a person (illegally).

4) [noun] an inflamed, painful, pus-filled swelling on the skin, caused by localised infection; a furuncle; a boil.

5) [noun] (rhet.) a bursting or flashing of the eternal and imperceptible element of sounds and words, when a sound is uttered, causing the sense of the word flashing on the mind.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

ṭa (स्फो�):—n. 1. breaking forth; splitting open; bursting; explosion; eruption; 2. the impression produced on the mind at hearing a sound; 3. Phonol. plosion; release;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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