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Ayurveda (science of life)

Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)

: Wisdom Library: Raj Nighantu

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渇ragrance鈥� (viz., of a flower), as mentioned in a list of five synonyms, according to the second chapter (诲丑补谤补峁噛腻诲颈-惫补谤驳补) of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or 搁腻箩补苍颈驳丑补峁囜弓耻 (an Ayurvedic encyclopedia). The Dhara峁噛腻di-varga covers the lands, soil, mountains, jungles and vegetation鈥檚 relations between trees [viz., Gandha] and plants and substances, with their various kinds.

Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)

: Shodhganga: Drumavichitrikarnam鈥擯lant mutagenesis in ancient India

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渇ragrance (of plants/flowers)鈥� which can be manipulated according to the bio-organic agricultural methods described in the V峁沰峁Ｄ鍄urveda by S奴rap腻la (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淪everal special processes with reference to the plants will be described hereunder. They are: [e.g., producing fragrance (gandha-samutpatti); changing the fragrance (gandha-pravartana);] and so on. [...]鈥�.

Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)

: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the Hindus

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) or 鈥渙dor鈥� refers to one of the eight Gu峁嘺s of elephant-must, according to the 15th century 惭腻迟补峁単补濒墨濒腻 composed by N墨laka峁囜弓ha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient  India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.鈥擺Cf. chapter 9, 鈥渙n kinds of must鈥漖: 鈥�6. Excitement, swiftness, odor (gandha), love passion, complete florescence of the body, wrath, prowess, and fearlessness are declared to be the eight excellences of must鈥�.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: Wisdom Library: 膧yurveda and botany

骋补苍诲丑腻 (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�) is another name (synonym) for 艢a峁���, which is a Sanskrit name for the plant Hedychium spicatum (spiked ginger lily). This synonym was identified by Narahari in his 13th-century 搁腻箩补苍颈驳丑补峁囜弓耻 (verses 6.226-227), which is an Ayurvedic medicinal thesaurus.

: Tieteelliset verkkolehdet: A note on Sanskrit Gandha

There are nine kinds of scent (gandha), according to the Mah腻bh腻rata (12.177.28; Bh峁沢u鈥檚 discourse):

1. Agreeable (颈峁ａ弓补),
2. Disagreeable (an颈峁ａ弓补),
3. Sweet (madhu),
4. Pungent (办补峁璾),
5. Stale (苍颈谤丑腻谤颈苍),
6. Compound (蝉补峁僪补迟补),
7. Soft (snigdha),
8. Astringent (谤奴办峁�a)
9. and tender (惫颈艣补诲补).

All these nine kinds of scent are founded upon the earth-element (辫腻谤迟丑颈惫补 or 辫峁泃丑颈惫墨).

: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of terms

1) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ):鈥擲mell

2) Smell : Odour

context information

膧yurveda (啶嗋く啷佮ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙う, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of 膧yurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kubjik腻mata-tantra

骋补苍诲丑腻 (啶む�嵿さ啶氞��, 鈥淪mell鈥�):鈥擬entioned as a 尘腻迟峁� in relation with Calan墨, according to the Kubjik腻mata-tantra. She is however, not usually part of the eight M腻t峁泂 born from the body of Calan墨. These eight sub-manifestations (尘腻迟峁�) symbolize a relation to the wind. They are presided over by the Bhairava Asit腻峁単a. Calan墨 is the fifth of the Eight Mah腻尘腻迟峁泂, residing within the 惭腻迟峁沜补办谤补 (third of the five cakras) and represents wind.

Source: Wisdom Library: 艢aivism

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to the city of V腻yu, situated on the north-western lower slope of mount Meru, according to Par腻khyatantra 5.66. Meru is the name of a golden mountained situated in the middle of nine landmasses (苍补惫补办丑补峁囜笉补): Bh腻rata, Hari, Kimpuru峁�a, Ramyaka, Rama峁嘺, Kuru, Bhadr腻艣va, Ketum腻la and Il腻v峁泃a. Together these 办丑补峁囜笉补蝉 make up the continent known as 闯补尘产奴诲惫墨辫补.

Gandha is also known by the name Gandhavat墨 or Gandhavah腻 and is mentioned in various other sources, eg., the Svacchanda-tantra 10.132-136, Kira峁嘺-腻gama 8.51-54, M峁沢endra-腻gama vidy腻p腻da 13.47-54, Sarvaj帽腻nottara-tantra adhvaprakara峁嘺 34-36 and Mata峁単a-腻gama vidy腻p腻da 23.60-63

The Par腻khyatantra is an old 艢aiva-siddh腻nta tantra dating from before the 10th century.

: Shodhganga: Temple management in the 膧gamas

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) or Vilepana refers to 鈥渇ragrant sandal paste鈥� and represents one of the various 耻辫补肠腻谤补蝉 (offerings), in 辫奴箩腻 (ritual worship), as defined in the 艢aiv腻gamas.鈥擯奴j腻 consists of offering hospitality, in the form of water to wash the feet, to drink, water for ablutions, offering a bath, new clothes, fragrant unguents, fragrant flowers and ornaments, food and so on. Each step in the 辫奴箩腻 process is called 鈥�蝉补峁僺办腻谤补鈥� and each offering is called 鈥�耻辫补肠腻谤补鈥� [viz., Gandha].

context information

Shaiva (啶多�堗��, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Wisdom Library: Skanda-purana

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) (also: Anulepana) refers to 鈥渙ffering unguents and fragrant paste of sandal etc.鈥� and represents one of the Upac腻ras (ways of service) according to the Skandapur腻峁嘺 2.4.26 (鈥淒ialogue between King Cola and Vi峁ａ箛ud腻sa鈥�).鈥擜ccordingly, as Vi峁ａ箛u (in the form of celestial attendants) narrated to Dharmadatta: 鈥淸...] Vi峁ａ箛ud腻sa continued to stay in the temple performing the Vratas. He performed all the austerities as laid down鈥攖hose which cause satisfaction to Vi峁ａ箛u. [...] All the sixteen services [e.g., gandha] were performed by him. There were auspicious songs and dances. He performed the worship of Vi峁ａ箛u regularly. He observed these Vratas. Even as he walked about he remembered Vi峁ａ箛u. He used to sleep on the ground. He viewed all impartially. He saw Vi峁ａ箛u dwelling in all living beings. [...]鈥�.

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟cents鈥�) refers to 鈥渙ffering of scents鈥� and represents one of the sixteen 耻辫补肠腻谤补, or 鈥渟ixteen types of homage and services鈥�, as described while explaining the mode of worshipping the phallic form (濒颈峁単补) of 艢iva in the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 1.11. Accordingly, 鈥淸...] the devotee shall worship the mobile emblem with the sixteen types of homage and services (耻辫补肠腻谤补) as prescribed. It accords the region of 艢iva gradually. The sixteen types of service are [for example, offering of scents (gandha)] [...] Or he shall perform all the sixteen rites in the phallic emblem of human, saintly or godly origin, or in one naturally risen up (蝉惫补测补尘产丑奴) or in one of very extraordinary nature installed duly鈥�.

Gandha or Gandhasamarpa峁嘺 (the offering of scents) is also mentioned in the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 1.20, while explaining the mode of worshipping an earthen phallic image (辫腻谤迟丑颈惫补-濒颈峁単补) according to the Vedic rites:鈥斺�淸...] the intelligent devotee shall offer scents (gandha) devoutly with the mantra 鈥楴ama岣� 艢vabhya岣モ�� etc. He shall offer 补办峁�a迟补蝉 (raw rice grains) with the mantra 鈥楴amastak峁�abhya岣モ�� etc.鈥�.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ).鈥擜 son of Upamadga (see gandhamodavaha). (Cal. Edn.).^*

• * Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺 IV. 14. 9.

1b) Said to be essence milked from cow-earth by the Gandharvas.^*

• * Matsya-pur腻峁嘺 7. 14: 10. 24: 16. 26.

context information

The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vaisheshika (school of philosophy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vai艣e峁�ika

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) is one of the seventeen 驳耻峁嘺蝉 (鈥榪ualities鈥�), according to the Vai艣e峁�ika-蝉奴迟谤补蝉. These 驳耻峁嘺蝉 are considered as a category of 辫补诲腻谤迟丑补 (鈥渕etaphysical correlate鈥�). These 辫补诲腻谤迟丑补s represent everything that exists which can be cognized and named. Together with their subdivisions, they attempt to explain the nature of the universe and the existence of living beings.

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Vaisheshika (啶掂�堗ざ啷囙し啶苦��, vai艣e峁�ika) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. Vaisheshika deals with subjects such as logic, epistemology, philosophy and expounds concepts similar to Buddhism in nature

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Wisdom Library: N腻峁瓂a-艣腻stra

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) refers to an aspect of the representation of objects and senses, according to the N腻峁瓂a艣腻stra chapter 24. Accordingly, 鈥渂y slightly narrowing down the eyes and expanding the nostrils and in the same breath, the wise one is to represent the agreeable taste (rasa) and the smell (gandha)鈥�.

context information

Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

Nyaya (school of philosophy)

: Shodhganga: A study of Ny腻ya-vai艣e峁�ika categories

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) or Gandha驳耻峁嘺 refers to one of the twenty-four 驳耻峁嘺蝉 (qualities) according to all the modern works on Ny腻ya-Vai艣e峁�ika.鈥擥andha (Smell) is the third 驳耻峁嘺 and it is a special 驳耻峁嘺. Pra艣astap腻da gives the definition鈥撯��gandho 驳丑谤腻峁嘺gr腻hya岣�鈥�. That means it is perceived by the organ of smell. According to Vi艣van腻tha also the gandha is perceived by the organ of smell. Anna峁僢ha峁�峁璦 also states the similar definition in his Tarkasa峁僩raha: 鈥�驳丑谤腻峁嘺gr腻hyo gu峁噊驳补苍诲丑补岣�鈥�. In this definition the word 尘腻迟谤补 is avoided, because it has no necessity, this organ apprehends only the quality of smell and nothing else. The word 驳耻峁嘺 is added in this definition to exclude the generic attribute, gandhatva.

Gandha is twofold: fragrant and non-fragrant and it resides in earth only. Gandha becomes eternal when it is found in eternal things and it becomes non-eternal when it is found in non-eternal things. This quality is a m奴rta驳耻峁嘺 and it resides in one substance, so it is 别办补诲谤补惫测补惫峁泃迟颈. Moreover it is apprehended by one external sense only, so, it is 别办别苍诲谤颈测补驳谤腻丑测补.

context information

Nyaya (啶ㄠ�嵿く啶距��, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

: Pure Bhakti: Arcana-dipika - 3rd Edition

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to the 鈥渟cented candana (sandalwood)鈥� and represents one of the various ingredients used during worship, according to the Arcana-d墨pik腻 (manual on deity worship).鈥�Gandha is candana (sandalwood) to which 办补谤辫奴谤补 (camphor) and aguru (liquid agarwood scent) has been added in a particular ratio. [plain candana can also serve the same purpose as gandha.]

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Vaishnava (啶掂�堗し啷嵿ぃ啶�, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥減erfumes鈥�, according to the B峁沨atsa峁僪it腻 (chapter 15) (鈥淥n the 苍补办峁�a迟谤补蝉鈥斺赌榓蝉迟别谤颈蝉尘蝉鈥欌赌�), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Var腻hamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyoti峁�a).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淭hose who are born on the lunar day of Hasta will be thieves, dealers in elephants, charioteers, chief ministers, painters, merchants and dealers in pod-grains; learned in the 艢腻stras and of bright appearance. Those who are born on the lunar day of Citr腻 will be dealers in jewels, precious stones, fine cloths, writers and singers, manufacturers of perfumes (gandha), good mathematicians, weavers, surgeons, oculists and dealers in R腻jadh腻nya. [...]鈥�.

: Google Books: Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences (Astronomy)

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渟andal paste鈥�, according to the N腻radasa峁僪it腻 verse 29.86-95 (pp. 181-184), a Sanskrit work on astrology having the Saral腻 commentary by Vasatir腻ma 艢arm腻.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] In an auspicious copper basin, or in a clay basin that has been filled with water, having decorated it with effort by means of sandal paste, flowers and coloured rice [i.e., 驳补苍诲丑补-辫耻峁�p补-补办峁�a迟补], the basin which is placed upon grains of rice, to which a gold piece is added and which is covered by a pair of clothes, one should place the bowl after having seen the rise of half of the Sun鈥檚 orb. [...]鈥�.

context information

Jyotisha (啶溹�嵿く啷嬥い啶苦��, 箩测辞迟颈峁�a or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to the 鈥渟cent鈥� (of flowers), according to the Manth腻nabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjik腻.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淥ne should know that the tree is (the aspect of the deity) with parts (sakala) and the shade is its (aspect) without parts (苍颈峁�k补濒腻). One should know that the flower (of the tree represents the deity) with parts and its scent [i.e., gandha] its (aspect) without parts (苍颈峁�k补濒补). There is nothing higher than that, he who knows that has attained liberation. Once the undifferentiated plane has been attained, that is, the End of the Sixteen, which is the supreme abode, the eternal 艢腻mbhava (plane) and is liberation, there is nothing higher than this鈥�.

: Shodhganga: Saudarya Lahari of Sri Sankara A Study

骋补苍诲丑腻 (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�) refers to one of the 62 rays of the Ma峁噄p奴ra-Cakra which (together with the 54 rays of the An腻hata) are associated with the solar plane called Vi峁ａ箛ugranthi, according to 艢a峁卥ar腻c腻rya鈥檚 Saudaryalahar墨.鈥擜ccordingly, the Goddess is visualised (by S腻dhaka) as dwelling above the six 膧dh腻racakras ruling over the 360 rays which emanate in them [e.g., 骋补苍诲丑腻]. These 360 rays represent 360 syllables (i.e., a consummation of the 艣补产诲补辫谤补辫补帽肠补 or 50 alphabets) as well as the principles of nature. For the 360 syllables, together with 丑补峁� and 蝉补岣�, Ny腻sa should be performed for 艢r墨cakra辫奴箩腻.

context information

Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕�嵿��, 艣腻kta) or Shaktism (艣腻ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Shaiva philosophy

: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥�(various) smells鈥�, according to the 莫艣varapratyabhij帽腻viv峁泃ivimar艣in墨 1.93.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] It is also this [set of six elements] that is manifest in cognitions that arise from hypothetical inferences or scripture [and not only in perceptions; and] anything else is nothing but a mere combination [of these elements]. For example, [the property of] consisting in the subtle sensory object of smell lies in the [element (诲丑腻迟耻) of earth]鈥攖hat same earth that may possess various smells (vicitra-gandha), some pleasant, others unpleasant, etc.鈥攊nsofar as [earth] is devoid of particularities and subtle鈥�.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渟mells鈥�, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.鈥擜ccordingly, as 莫艣vara says to V腻madeva: 鈥淸...] [Now], I shall define the nature of that highest, mind-free absorption which arises for those devoted to constant practice. [...] By means of an absorption for a day and night, the Yogin who is steady in his seated posture knows smells (gandha) from afar, because of the cessation of the activity of his mind. [...]鈥�.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 腻sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Shilpashastra (iconography)

: academia.edu: Dv腻da艣a-m奴rti in Tamil Tradition (iconography)

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渟andal-paste鈥�, according to the 艢r墨tattvanidhi (verse 2.19-42) citing the P腻帽car腻tr腻gama-Kriyap腻da.鈥� Padman腻bha鈥檚 Mien is 颈苍诲谤补苍墨濒补惫补谤峁嘺 (blue), decked with the 辫墨迟腻尘产补谤补, wears odd garlands and is smeared with gandha (sandal-paste). According to the Caturvi峁兣沘tim奴rtilak峁�a峁嘺, The P腻帽car腻tra tradition (describing Ke艣ava) got a stronghold over the Vai峁ａ箛ava tradition by about the fourth century CE, e.g. the Ahirbh奴dhnya-sa峁僪it腻 and so its impact on the Tamil Parip腻峁璦l and hymns of the 膧岣籿腻rs is quite natural.

context information

Shilpashastra (啶多た啶侧�嵿お啶多ぞ啶膏�嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 艣ilpa艣腻stra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha)

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - (Ganesha)

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渟cents (of various kinds)鈥� (used in the worship of Ga峁噀艣a), according to the 艢ivapur腻峁嘺 2.4.18 (鈥淕a峁噀艣a crowned as the chief of Ga峁嘺s鈥�).鈥擜ccordingly, as 艢iva said to Ga峁噀艣a: 鈥淸...] He shall perform worship with the D奴rv腻 grass and observe fast. After a Prahara has elapsed in the night the devotee shall take bath and worship. The idol shall be made of metal, coral, white Arka flowers or clay. It shall be installed and worshipped by the devotee with all purity, with scents (gandha) of various kinds, divine sandal paste and flowers. [...]鈥�.

context information

Ganapatya (啶椸ぞ啶｀お啶む�嵿��, 驳腻峁嘺辫补迟测补) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Ganesha is revered and worshipped as the prime deity (ishta-devata). Being a minor though influential movement, Ganapatya evovled, llike Shaktism and Shaivism, as a separate movement leaving behind a large body of literature.

Pancaratra (worship of N腻r腻ya峁嘺)

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts

1) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) or Gandha尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the fifty-three Mudr腻s (ritual hand gestures) described in chapter 22 (Cary腻p腻da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it腻 covering the entire range of concerns of P腻帽car腻tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [尘耻诲谤腻濒补办峁�a峁嘺-惫颈诲丑颈]: Brahm腻 asks the meaning, uses and varieties of 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures. Bhagav腻n says these finger movements are ways to fend off evil and to prevent those taking pleasure in harming others. Furthermore, they please the Lord-so long as they are demonstrated in private (1-5a). He then names and describes 53 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures: [e.g., gandha (63b)] [...]

2) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) or Gandha尘耻诲谤腻 is the name of a Mudr腻 (鈥渞itual hand-gestures鈥�) mentioned in in chapter 13 of the 痴颈艣惫腻尘颈迟谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 2600 Sanskrit verses covering topics such as initiation (诲墨办峁Ｄ�) and the construction, decoration and consecration of temples and icons, as well as routines of regular and special worship cycles.鈥擠escription of the chapter [尘耻诲谤腻-adhy腻ya]: K腻艣yapa asks what are the various types of 尘耻诲谤腻-gestures, and Vi艣v腻mitra complies by first defining 尘耻诲谤腻 as that by seeing which one derives pleasure (鈥�mu-鈥�) and then by counseling that whoever practices these 尘耻诲谤腻s must do so in secrecy (1-6). Thereupon he names and briefly describes how to perform a number of 尘耻诲谤腻s [e.g., gandha]

3) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) or Gandha尘耻诲谤腻 refers to one of the 81 Mudr腻s (hand-gestures) described in chapter 2 of the 峁氠梗ir腻tra section of the 厂补苍补迟办耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: an encyclopedic Sanskrit text written in over 3500 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as yoga, temple-building, consecration ceremonies, initiation and dhanurveda (martial arts).鈥擺Cf. the chapter 尘耻诲谤腻-lak峁�a峁嘺].

context information

Pancaratra (啶�啶距�炧�嵿�氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p腻帽car腻tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

1. Gandha - The name of a family of elephants; each elephant has the strength of one million men. VibhA.397; AA.ii.822; UdA.403, etc.

2. Gandha - A setthi of Benares. On realising that his ancestors had died leaving immense wealth, which they had failed to enjoy, he started to spend large sums of money on luxuries, and one full moon day he decorated the city and invited the people to watch him taking a meal. Among the assembled multitude was a villager, who felt that he would die unless he could obtain a morsel of Gandhas rice. When this was told to Gandha he suggested that the man should work for him for three years, taking in payment a bowl of his rice. The villager agreed and henceforth became known as Bhattabhatika. At the end of the three years Gandha kept his promise and gave orders that Bhattabhatika should enjoy all his masters own splendours for one day, and asked all the members of his household, except his wife Cintamani, to wait on him. When Bhattabhatika sat down to eat, a Pacceka Buddha appeared before him; Bhattabhatika gave his food to the Pacceka Buddha who, in sight of all those that had gathered to watch Bhattabhatikas splendour, went through the air to Gandhamadana. When Gandha heard of what bad happened, he gave one half of all his possessions to Bhattabhatika in return for a share of the merit he had gained. DhA.iii.87ff.

: Journey to Nibbana: Patthana Dhama

Smell;

: Pali Kanon: Introducing Buddhist Abhidhamma

lit: 'smell'; Property of matter (rupa).

context information

Therav腻da is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) according to the 2nd century Mah腻praj帽腻p腻ramit腻艣腻stra (chapter XXVIII). Accordingly, 鈥渨hy condemn smells (gandha)? Some claim that being attached to smells is a slight fault; but attachment to smells opens the door to the fetters (蝉补峁儁辞箩补苍补). Even if one has maintained discipline (艣墨濒补) for a hundred years, one moment is enough to violate it鈥�.

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch腻

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥�(showering) perfumes鈥�, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch腻: the eighth chapter of the Mah腻sa峁僴ip腻ta (a collection of Mah腻y腻na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸...] Then, by the unconditioned magical power of manifestation, by the miraculous performances (vikr墨岣峣ta) of the Buddha [Ekaratnavy奴ha], [Gaganaga帽ja with the other Bodhisattvas] teleported from the Mah腻vy奴ha universe to the Sah腻 universe, in one moment of thought, and sat down there. They showered flowers, garlands, powders, perfumes (gandha), unguents, parasols, banners, flags from the Mah腻vy奴ha universe pouring down as rain鈥�

: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渇ragrances鈥� (suitable for worship), according to the 痴补箩谤补迟耻峁囜笉补蝉补尘补测补办补濒辫补谤腻箩补, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.鈥擜ccordingly, [after the Bhagav腻n entered the assembly of N腻gas], 鈥淭hen the great N腻ga king Samant腻k腻racchatr腻karaparikara arose from his seat, arranged his outer robe on one shoulder, placed his right knee on the ground, approached the Bhagav腻n and, having bowed down at his feet, circumambulated him three times, and worshipped the Bhagav腻n with different flowers, fragrances [e.g., 苍腻苍腻-驳补苍诲丑补], garlands, ointments, ornaments and cloths. Having worshipped him, he sat down in front of him鈥�.

context information

Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, mah腻y腻na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽腻p腻ramit腻 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan Buddhist Teachers, Deities and other Spiritual beings

骋补苍诲丑腻 (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�) refers to one of the 鈥�Forty-two Peaceful Deities鈥� (Tibetan: zhi ba'i lha zhe gnyis) according to various sources such as the Guhyagarbha Tantra and the Tibetan Book of the Dead.鈥擳hey feature in Tantric teachings and practices which focus on purifying elements of the body and mind. These deities [e.g., 骋补苍诲丑腻] form part part of the the Hundred Peaceful and Wrathful Deities who manifest to a deceased person following the dissolution of the body and consciousness whilst they are in the intermediate state (bardo) between death and rebirth.

骋补苍诲丑腻 is also known in Tibetan as: Drichabma [dri chab ma]. She is the consort of Ma帽ju艣r墨 and part of the 鈥淓ight Female Bodhisattvas鈥�.

: Google Books: An Illustrated History of the Mandala

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) refers to one of the Seventeen Vi艣uddhipadas (鈥渟tations of purity鈥�) and is associated with the deity Gandhavajra, according to the Praj帽腻p腻ramit腻nayas奴tra: an ancient Buddhist Tantric text recited daily in the Japanese Shingon sect which is closely related to the Sarvatath腻gatatattvasa峁僩raha.鈥擳he visualization of the seventeen-deity 尘补峁囜笉补濒补, representing the deification of the seventeen Vi艣uddhipadas [e.g., gandha], was thought to facilitate the attainment of enlightenment through the sublimation of the defilements into the mind of enlightenment (bodhicitta).

: Wisdom Experience: The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) (Sanskrit; in Tibetan: dri) refers to the 鈥渢he activity field of smell鈥� [=驳补苍诲丑腻测补迟补苍补] and represents one of the 鈥渢welve activity fields鈥� (in Sanskrit: 诲惫腻诲补艣腻测补迟补苍补; Tibetan: skye-mched bcu-gnyis).鈥擺Cf. Mah腻vyutpatti 2027-39. 13, 55-6禄

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (惫补箩谤补测腻苍补) are collected indepently.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha

1) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) or 驳补苍诲丑腻yatana refers to one of the 鈥渢welve sense spheres鈥� (腻测补迟补苍补) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 24). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., gandha). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.

Gandha also represents one of the 鈥渆ighteen elements鈥� (诲丑腻迟耻) as well as one of the 鈥渆leven form components鈥� (谤奴辫补蝉办补苍诲丑补).

Gandha also refers to one of the 鈥渟ix spheres鈥� (峁�a岣峷颈峁�a测补) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 33).

Gandha also refers to the 鈥渇ive qualities鈥� (辫腻帽肠补产丑补耻迟颈办补) as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 40).

2) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) or Caturgandha refers to the 鈥渇our smells鈥� as defined in the Dharma-sa峁僩raha (section 37):

1. sugandha (pleasant smell),
2. durgandha (unpleasant smell),
3. samagandho (neutral smell),
4. 惫颈峁�a尘补驳补苍诲丑补 (mixed smell).

: China Buddhism Encyclopedia: Buddhism

Goddess of Perfume (Skt. 骋补苍诲丑腻; Tib. Drichabma; Wyl. dri chab ma) the consort of Ma帽jushri.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) is the name of a Bird, according to the Jain Ramayana and chapter 7.5 [The kidnapping of S墨t腻] of Hemacandra鈥檚 11th century Tri峁�a峁ａ弓i艣al腻k腻puru峁�acaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淩腻ma fearlessly entered the extraordinary Da峁囜笉ak腻ra峁噛a and made his dwelling in a cave-house in a large mountain in it and remained as comfortable as in his own house. [...] A bird, named Gandha, came there because of the fragrance of the shower of perfume, having come down from a tree, which he inhabited, ill. At the mere sight of the Muni, memory of his births was produced and he fell on the ground in a swoon, and S墨t腻 sprinkled him with water. [...]鈥�.

: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 2: the Category of the living

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渙dour鈥�) refers to the object of 驳丑谤腻峁嘺 (smelling), which represents one of the 鈥渇ive sense-organs鈥� (辫补帽肠别苍诲谤颈测补), according to the 2nd-century Tattv腻rthas奴tra 2.19. Cognition which results by smelling the object of knowledge is called smell/odour (gandha). How many types of odour /smell are there? There are two types of smell namely fragrant and foul. What is the form of smell sense organ? It is in form of a sesamum flower.

: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 5: The category of the non-living

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渟mell鈥�) according to the 2nd-century Tattv腻rthas奴tra 5.23.鈥斺�淭he forms of matter (pudgala) are characterized by touch (蝉辫补谤艣补), taste (rasa), smell (gandha) and colour (惫补谤峁嘺)鈥�. What is the meaning of smell (gandha)? what is smelt or just smelling is smell. How many types of smell are there? There are two types of smell namely pleasant and unpleasant.

: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 8: Bondage of karmas

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ, 鈥渙dour鈥�) refers to 鈥渙dour karma鈥� and represents one of the various kinds of 狈腻尘补, or 鈥減hysique-making (karmas)鈥�, which represents one of the eight types of Prak峁泃i-bandha (species bondage): one of the four kinds of bondage (bandha) according to the 2nd-century Tattv腻rthas奴tra chapter 8. What is meant by odour body-making (gandha) karma? The karmas rise of which gives the smell attribute to the body are called odour body-making karma.

How many types of odour (rasa) body-making karmas are there? These are of two types, namely:

1. sweet-smelling; fragrant (sugandha),
2. evil-smelling; malodorous (durgandha).

: academia.edu: The Original Pa峁噃av腻yara峁嘺/Pra艣navy腻kara峁嘺 Discovered

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) refers to 鈥渄istinction鈥�, as taught in the Pa峁噃av腻gara峁嘺 (Sanskrit: Pra艣navy腻kara峁嘺): the tenth Anga of the Jain canon which deals with the prophetic explanation of queries regarding divination.鈥擳he Pra艣navy腻kara峁嘺 deals with the 辫谤补艣苍补惫颈诲测腻 in a rather complex way. It is divided into at least 33 short chapters [e.g., 驳补苍诲丑补-惫颈产丑腻驳补-辫谤补办补谤补峁嘺], some of which are further divided into sub-chapters. Some contents of the text, mainly those related with articulation and pronunciation can have significance far beyond the scope of the 辫谤补艣苍补惫颈诲测腻.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Biology (plants and animals)

: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Gandha [嗖椸矀嗖�] in the Kannada language is the name of a plant identified with Santalum album L. from the Santalaceae (Sandalwood) family having the following synonyms: Sirium myrtifolium, Santalum ovatum, Santalum myrtifolium. For the possible medicinal usage of gandha, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Gandha in India is the name of a plant defined with Artemisia maritima in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Seriphidium maritimum (L.) Poljakov (among others).

2) Gandha is also identified with Hedychium spicatum It has the synonym Gandasulium sieboldii Kuntze (etc.).

3) Gandha is also identified with Tagetes erecta It has the synonym Tagetes tenuifolia Kunth (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica (1984)
· Chromosome Information Service (1985)
· CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. (2000)
· Nova Genera et Species Plantarum (1820)
· Flora of the British India (1892)
· De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum (1791)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Gandha, for example health benefits, side effects, extract dosage, chemical composition, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

gandha : (m.) odour; smell; scent.

: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Gandha, (Vedic gandha, from 驳丑谤腻 驳丑谤腻ti to smell, 驳丑谤腻na smell, & see P. gh腻na. Possibly conn. w. Lat. fragro= E. fragrant) smell, viz.-1. odour, smell, scent in Gen. J.III, 189; Dh.54鈥�56=Miln.333; Dhs.605 under gh腻n芒yatan腻ni); 腻ma掳 smell of raw flesh A.I, 280; D.II, 242; Sn.241 sq; maccha掳 the scent of fish J.III, 52; muttakar墨sa掳 the smell of f忙ces and urine A.III, 158; catuj腻ti掳 four kinds of scent J.I, 265; PvA.127; dibba-g掳puppha a flower of heavenly odour J.I, 289.鈥�2. odour, smell in particular: enumerated as m奴la掳, s腻ra掳, puppha掳, etc., S.III, 156=V.44=A.V, 22; Dhs.625 (under ghand腻yatan腻ni, sphere of odours). Specified as m腻la掳, s腻ra掳, puppha掳 under t墨峁噄 gandhaj腻t腻ni A.I, 225;鈥� puppha掳 Dh.54=A.I, 226.鈥�3. smell as olfactory sensation, belonging to the sphere (腻yatan腻ni) of sense-impressions and sensory objects & enum. in set of the 12 ajjhatta-b腻hir腻ni 腻yatan腻ni (see under r奴pa) with gh腻nena gand丑补峁� gh腻yitv腻 鈥渟ensing smell by means of the olfactory organ鈥� D.III, 102; 244=250= 269=Nd² on r奴pa; M.III, 55, 267; S.IV, 71; Vin.I, 35; Defined at Vism.447. Also as 驳补苍诲丑腻 gh腻navi帽帽eyya under k腻magu峁嚹� M.II, 42; D.III, 234, etc. In series of 10 attributes of physical quality (-r奴pa, etc.) as characteristic of devas D.III, 146; Pv.II, 9⁵⁸; as s腻ra掳, pheggu掳, taca掳, etc. (nine qualities in all) in definition of Gandhabba-k腻yik腻 dev腻 S.III, 250 sq.鈥擨n the same sense & similar connections: va峁囜箛a-g掳-ras鈥櫭籶eto Dh.49; J.II, 106; 驳补苍诲丑腻na峁� khamo & akkhamo (of king鈥檚 elephant) A.III, 158 sq.; itthi掳, purisa掳 A.I, 1, 2; III, 68; in combination w. other four senses Sn.387, 759, 974. 鈥�-鈥� 4. perfume, prepared odorific substance used as a toilet requisite, either in form of an unguent or a powder. Abstinence from the use of kall忙sthetics is stated in the S墨las (D.I, 8) as characteristic of certain Wanderers and Brahmins. Here gandha is mentioned together with m腻l腻 (flowers, garlands): D.I, 5=Kh II; D.I, 7 (掳kath腻); Vin.II, 123; Sn.401; J.I, 50, 291; PvA.62. The use of scented ointment (-vilepana & 腻lepa, see cpds.) is allowed to the Buddhist bhikkhus (Vin.I, 206); and the giving of this, together with other commodities, is included in the second part of the deyyadhamma (the list of meritorious gifts to the Sa峁単ha), under Nos. 5鈥�14 (anna-p腻na-vattha-y腻nam腻l腻-驳补苍诲丑腻-vilepana-seyy-芒vasatha-pad墨peyya): S.III, 252; Nd² 523=It.65. Out of this enumeration: g掳-m掳-v掳-Pv.II, 3¹⁶; chatta-g掳-m掳-up腻han腻 Pv.II, 4⁹; II, 9³⁶; m掳-g掳-v掳 kapp奴ra-办补峁璾kapphal腻ni J.II, 416. 鈥�-鈥� The application of scented ointment (gandhena or gandhehi vilimpati) is customary after a bath, e.g. PvA.50 (on Pv.I, 10⁶); J.I, 254, 265; III, 277. Var. kinds of perfumes or scented substances are given as g掳dh奴pa-cu峁囜箛a-kapp奴ra (incense, powder, camphor) J.I, 290; v腻sa-cu峁囜箛a-dh奴pan腻di g掳 KhA 37. See also cpds.鈥�5. occurs as v. l. for gantha (book).

duggandha a disagreeable smell Dhs.625; 掳峁� v腻yati to emit a nasty odour PvA.14; as adj. having a bad smell, putrid Sn.205; PvA.15 (=p奴tigandha), f.鈥斈�: dug驳补苍诲丑腻 p奴ti v腻yasi 鈥測ou emit a bad odour鈥�) Pv.I, 6¹ (=补苍颈峁�峁�丑补掳). 鈥攕耻驳补苍诲丑补 an agreeable smell Dhs.625; as adj. of pleasant smell J.III, 277; Sdhp. 246.

: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary

gandha (醼傖�斸�贯��) [(pu) (醼曖��)]鈥�
[gantha+a锛巊andhayant墨ti 驳补苍诲丑腻,attano vatthu峁� s奴cent墨ti attho锛巔a峁璱sa峁�,峁�峁環a,1.74.c奴岣穉ni,峁�峁環a.66锛巃bhi,峁�峁環a,2.42锛巚ibh腻vin墨锛�129锛巋i峁僺ate abhilas墨yate v腻 gandho锛�,峁���.94.]
[醼傖�斸�贯��+醼♂亱 醼傖�斸�贯�撫�氠�斸�贯�愥��醼愥�� 醼傖�斸�贯�撫��醽� 醼♂�愥�贯�愥�斸�贬�� 醼濁�愥�贯�戓��醼� 醼炨�搬�呩�贬�斸�贯�愥��醼愥�� 醼♂�愥�贯�戓�贬��醽� 醼曖�嬦��醼炨�夺亰 醼嬦�贯�屷亰醽佱亱醽囜亜醽嬦�呩�搬�犪�斸��醽娽�嬦�贯�屷亱醽嗎亞醽� 醼♂�樶��醽娽�嬦�贯�屷亰醽傖亱醽勧亗醽� 醼濁��醼樶��醼濁��醼斸��醽� 醽佱亗醽夅亱 醼熱��醼夺�炨�愥�� 醼♂�樶��醼溼�炨��醼氠�愥�� 醼濁�� 醼傖�斸�贯�撫�贬��醽� 醼撫��醼斸�横亰醼嬦��醽嬦亯醽勧亱]

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipi峁璦ka, which is the sacred canon of Therav腻da Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha鈥檚 speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

gandha (啶椸�傕��).鈥攎 (S) Smell or odor, good or bad. 2 A fragrance or a fragrant substance. 3 m n A pigment for the forehead or body (of sandal wood, turmeric, aloe-wood, saffron &c.) gandha nasa峁嚹撫箖 g. of s. (Not to be even in smell.) To be null or non-existent. t腻mba岣嵞� gandha l腻va峁嚹撫箖 To trick one's self out; to dress for a party.

--- OR ---

驳补苍诲丑腻 (啶椸�傕ぇ啶�).鈥攁 ( P) Foul, fetid, stinking. Little known except in 驳补苍诲丑腻n腻l腻 m Sewer or drain; and in gandh膿峁� p腻峁嚹� n Dirty water.

--- OR ---

g腻ndha (啶椸ぞ啶傕ぇ).鈥攆 A blind tumor or bump;--as from a bite. 2 A gadfly or other fly of which the bite occasions a bump.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

gandha (啶椸�傕��).鈥�m Smell. Fragrance. m n A pigment for the forehead. gandha nasa峁嚹� (Not to be even in smell.) To be null or non-existent.

--- OR ---

g腻ndha (啶椸ぞ啶傕ぇ).鈥�f A blind tumour or bump–as from a bite. A gadfly or other fly of which the bites occasion a bump.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ).鈥擺驳补苍诲丑-辫补肠腻诲测补肠]

1) Smell, odour; 啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�啶距�樴�嵿ぐ啶距�� 啶氞�嬥ぐ啷嵿さ啷嵿く啶距�� (gandham腻驳丑谤腻ya corvy腻岣�) Meghad奴ta 21; 啶呧お啶樴�嵿え啶ㄠ�嵿い啷� 啶︵�佮ぐ啶苦い啶� 啶灌さ啷嵿く啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啷堗�� (apaghnanto durita峁� havyagandhai岣�) 艢.4.8; R.12.27. (gandha is changed to gandhi when as the last member of a Bah. comp. it is preceded by ud, p奴ti, su, surabhi, or when the compound implies comparison; sugandhi, surabhigandhi, kamalagandhi mukham; 艣腻濒颈苍颈谤测腻蝉补驳补苍诲丑颈产丑颈岣� R.1.38; 腻丑耻迟颈掳 1.53; also when gandha is used in the sense of 'a little').

2) Smell considered as one of the 24 properties or 驳耻峁嘺蝉 of the Vai艣e峁�ikas; it is a property characteristic of 啶�啷冟ぅ啶苦さ啷� (辫峁泃丑颈惫墨) or earth which is defined as 啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶掂い啷� 啶�啷冟ぅ啷嵿さ啷� (gandhavat墨 p峁泃hv墨) T. S.

3) The mere smell of anything, a little, a very small quantity; 啶樴�冟い啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶� 啶�啷嬥�溹え啶�啷� (gh峁泃agandhi bhojanam) Sk.

4) A perfume, any fragrant substance; 啶忇し啶� 啶�啶�啶� 啶膏�囙さ啶苦い啶� 啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�啷佮�曕�嵿い啶苦�� (e峁Ｄ� may腻 sevit腻 gandhayukti岣�) M峁沜chaka峁璱ka 8; Y.1. 231; Mu.1.4.

5) Sulphur.

6) Pounded sandal wood.

7) Connection, relationship.

8) A neighbour.

9) Pride, arrogance; as in 啶嗋い啷嵿い啶椸え啷嵿ぇ (腻迟迟补驳补苍诲丑补) humbled or mortified.

1) An epithet of 艢iva.

11) A sectarial mark on the forehead.

12) Similarity (蝉腻诲峁浥泍补); 啶∴�佮ぃ啷嵿ぁ啷佮き啶距え啶灌た啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啷囙�� 啶� 啶む�嵿さ啶� 啶灌た啶傕じ啶苦い啷佮ぎ啶班�嵿す啶膏�� (岣島峁囜笉ubh腻nahigandhena na tva峁� hi峁僺itumarhasi) Mah腻bh腻rata (Bombay) 1.1.3.

-ndham 1 Smell.

2) Black aloewood.

Derivable forms: 驳补苍诲丑补岣� (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

骋补苍诲丑腻 (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�).鈥攏ame of a yogin墨: 厂腻诲丑补苍补尘腻濒腻 157.13 etc.; 324.6.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ).鈥攎.

(-苍诲丑补岣�) 1. Smell, odour. 2. A perfume, a fragrance or fragrant substance. 3. A diffusive fragrance. 4. Sulphur. 5. Connexion, relationship. 6. A neighbour. 7. A plant, (Morunga hyperanthera, &c.) 8. Pride, arrogance. 9. Small, diminutive, a little, a small quantity, &c. 10. Pounded Sandal. f.

(-苍诲丑腻) The bud of the Champaca flower, (Michelia Champaca.) n.

(-nd丑补峁�) Aloe-wood. E. gandh to hurt, to move, &c. affix ac.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ).鈥攎. 1. Smell, odour, [贬颈岣峣尘产补惫补诲丑补] 2, 12. 2. A perfume, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 2, 177. 3. A name of 艢iva, Mah腻bh腻rata 12, 10378.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ).鈥擺masculine] ([neuter]) smell, odour, fragrance, fragrant substance, perfume (mostly [plural]); the mere smell i.e. a bit of, some likeness with (鈥斅�).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ):鈥�m. smell, odour (nine kinds are enumerated, viz. 颈峁ａ弓补, an颈峁ａ弓补, madhura, 办补峁璾, 苍颈谤丑腻谤颈苍, 蝉补峁僪补迟补, snigdha, 谤奴办峁�a, 惫颈艣补诲补, [Mah腻bh腻rata xii, 6848]; a tenth kind is called amla, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]), [峁歡-veda i, 162, 10; Atharva-veda; V腻jasaneyi-sa峁僪it腻] etc. (ifc. f(腻). , [Mah腻bh腻rata; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺])

2) a fragrant substance, fragrance, scent, perfume (generally used in [plural]; in [compound] = 鈥榝ragrant鈥� cf. -jala etc.), [Gobhila-艣r腻ddha-kalpa; L腻峁瓂腻yana; P腻raskara-g峁沨ya-s奴tra] etc.

3) sulphur

4) pounded sandal-wood, [Caurapa帽c腻艣ik腻]

5) a sectarial mark on the forehead (called so in the south of India), [Religious Thought and Life in India] p.66

6) myrrh, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

7) Hyperanthera Moringa, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

8) (ifc.) the mere smell of anything, small quantity, little, [Mah腻bh腻rata i, 989; P腻峁噄ni 5-4, 136; Pata帽jali; Su艣ruta i, 13]

9) connection, relationship, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) a neighbour, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

11) pride, arrogance, [Meghad奴ta 9] (for gardha?)

12) 艢iva, [Mah腻bh腻rata xii, 10378]

13) 骋补苍诲丑腻 (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ啶�):鈥擺from gandha] f. = -pal腻艣墨, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

14) [v.s. ...] Desmodium gangeticum, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

15) [v.s. ...] = -尘辞丑颈苍墨, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

16) [v.s. ...] a metre of 17+18+17+18 syllables

17) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ):鈥�n. smell, [Dhy腻nabindu-upani峁�ad 7 and 9]

18) black aloe-wood, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasi峁僪a, hal腻yudha, hemacandra, etc.]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ):鈥�(ka, 峁卆) gandhayate 10. d. To injure; to move; to beg.

2) (苍诲丑补岣�) 1. m. Smell; perfume; sulphur; relationship; pride. f. Michelia champaca. n. Aloe wood.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: 骋补峁僤丑补, Ga峁僤h腻.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

骋补峁僤丑补 (啶椸�傕��) [Also spelled gandh]:鈥�(nf) smell, odour; ~[vaha/~v腻ha] air; ~[hara] deodorant; ~[丑墨苍补] odourless; ~[yukta] odoriferous/odorous.

context information

...

Prakrit-English dictionary

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) 骋补峁僤丑补 (啶椸�傕��) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Gandha.

2) Ga峁僤h腻 (啶椸�傕ぇ啶�) also relates to the Sanskrit word: 骋补苍诲丑腻.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

骋补峁僤丑补 (嗖椸矀嗖�):鈥�

1) [noun] the characteristic stimulation of any specific substance upon the olfactory nerves; odour; scent; smell.

2) [noun] a pleasing smell or odour; sweet scent, as of flowers; a fragrance; a perfume.

3) [noun] the tree Santalum album (=Sirium myrtifolium) of Santalaceae family, with sweet smelling heartwood used for carving.

4) [noun] its wood or its powder.

5) [noun] a sectarian mark of sandal paste put across the forehead.

6) [noun] an essential oil or perfume made from the petals of flowers etc. and mixed with water, used to sprinkle on the body.

7) [noun] haughty behaviour resulting from exaggerated self-esteem, wealth, status, abilities, etc.; arrogant pride.

8) [noun] the fluid flowing from the temples of an elephant in rut.

9) [noun] relation; kinship; connection.

10) [noun] a person who lives near another; a neighbour.

11) [noun] a very small or meagre quantity (as could be perceived only by its smell).

12) [noun] a precious stone.

13) [noun] mere superficial or little knowledge (of something).

14) [noun] (Dvaita Phil.) the ability or faculty of perceiving by smell, one of the forty ways of knowing objects.

15) [noun] (Vai艣e峁�ika phil.) one of the twenty four properties.

16) [noun] a cross piece of wood for holding the planks of a door.

17) [noun] 嗖椸矀嗖� 嗖椸簿嗖赤部 [gamdha gali] gandha g腻岣穒 (dupl.) elementary or basic knowledge; minimum information; 嗖椸矀嗖о拨 嗖庎玻喑嵿玻喑� [gamdhada enne] gandhada e峁囜箛e the oil extracted from sandal wood, used as an aromatic substance; 嗖椸矀嗖о拨 嗖曕病喑嵿病嗖� [gamdhada kaddi] gandhada ka岣嶀笉i a thin stick burned to get fragrant fumes, esp. in religious rites; an incense stick; 嗖椸矀嗖о拨 嗖曕膊喑嵿膊喑� [gamdhada kallu] gandhada kallu a coarse-surfaced stone on which a piece of sandal wood is rubbed to get sandal-paste; 嗖椸矀嗖о拨 嗖�嗖苦膊喑嵿膊喑� [gamdhada bille] gandhada bille a substance in the form of a small cake, used to make perfumes; 嗖椸矀嗖о拨 嗖曕硦嗖班病喑� 嗖む硣嗖︵卜喑嵿矡喑� 嗖�嗖班部嗖�嗖� [gamdhada koradu tedashtu parimala] gandhada kora岣島 t膿da峁ａ弓u parima岣穉 (prov.) experiences, however painful they are, make one more knowledgeable, understanding and mature 2. a matured person or a person devoted to a cause, becomes morfe and more matured or devoted, as he or she passes through real hardship in life.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Gandha (啶椸え啷嵿ぇ):鈥攏. 1. smell; fragrance; scent; odor; 2. a bad smell; stench; 3. Philos. odour as the quality of earth; 4. Philos. one of the five subtle rudiments of the elements; 5. fig. slight knowledge; hint;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: A, Gantha.

Starts with (+27): Gamdhabevu, Gamdhabidalaka, Gamdhacarini, Gamdhacelike, Gamdhadayaki, Gamdhagarage, Gamdhagiri, Gamdhakacora, Gamdhakallu, Gandha pri ya nku, Gandha saathi, Gandha Sutta, Gandha thagase, Gandha-bhadulia, Gandha-chakoda, Gandhabahala, Gandhabahula, Gandhabanij, Gandhabhadra, Gandhabhanda.

Full-text (+1102): Sugandha, Ashvagandha, Gandhahastin, Putigandha, Ajagandha, Gandhamadana, Matsyagandha, Vajigandha, Durgandha, Ugragandha, Rajanigandha, Gandhara, Sarpagandha, Gandhika, Gandhakuti, Gandhaka, Rishyagandha, Divyagandha, Tikshnagandha, Yojanagandha.

Relevant text

Search found 215 books and stories containing Gandha, 骋补苍诲丑腻, G腻ndha, 骋补峁僤丑补, Ga峁僤h腻, Gamdha, Gantha-a; (plurals include: Gandhas, 骋补苍诲丑腻s, G腻ndhas, 骋补峁僤丑补s, Ga峁僤h腻s, Gamdhas, as). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Vaisheshika-sutra with Commentary (by Nandalal Sinha)

S奴tra 8.2.5 (The Sense of Smell is constituted by the element of Earth) < [Chapter 2 - Of Doubly Presentative Cognition]

S奴tra 7.2.1 (Number: Proof of Unity) < [Chapter 2 - Of Number, Separateness, Conjunction, etc.]

S奴tra 7.1.2 (What attributes are non-eternal) < [Chapter 1 - Of Colour, Taste, Smell, and Touch, and Magnitude]

+ 4 more chapters / show preview

Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati D腻sa)

Verse 2.9.64 < [Chapter 9 - The Lord鈥檚 Twenty-One Hour Ecstasy and Descriptions of 艢r墨dhara and Other Devotees鈥� Characteristics]

Verse 1.12.126-127 < [Chapter 12 - The Lord鈥檚 Wandering Throughout Navadv墨pa]

Verse 2.7.63 < [Chapter 7 - The Meeting of Gad腻dhara and Pu峁囜笉ar墨ka]

+ 45 more chapters / show preview

A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)

Page 337 < [Volume 20 (1918)]

Page 444 < [Volume 16 (1913)]

Page 72 < [Volume 23 (1918)]

+ 38 more chapters / show preview

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Comprehensive Review of Dushta Vrana: Management and Complications < [2023: Volume 12, December issue 21]

Review study of wound management procedure according to ayurveda wsr to vrana < [2023: Volume 12, September issue 15]

Hridayarnav ras in coronary artery disease < [2019: Volume 8, April issue 5]

+ 311 more chapters

Devi Tantra, Mantra, Yantra (study) (by Srider Basudevan Iyer)

Appendix 3 - List of Upacaras (services)

Types of worship < [Chapter 4 - Worship and The Worshipper]

Sadhya worship accessories (3): Gandha or Fragrance < [Chapter 4 - Worship and The Worshipper]

+ 2 more chapters / show preview

Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)

Rig Veda 7.55.8 < [Sukta 55]

show preview

 

Click here for all 215 books

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