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Significance of Purity

Purity, as discussed across various philosophical and religious traditions, refers to a state of being clean or free from sin, impurities, and moral blemish. In Jainism, it signifies cleanliness in physical, mental, and spiritual realms. Vaishnavism emphasizes purity for spiritual experiences. Puranic texts associate purity with ritual performance and spiritual integrity. Various schools including Yoga, Vedanta, and Theravada Buddhism highlight its importance for moral clarity and spiritual attainment. Overall, purity is crucial for achieving liberation and is essential in religious and personal practices.1
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Synonyms: Cleanliness, Innocence, Clarity, Chastity, Integrity, Simplicity, Wholeness, Freshness., Virtue, Wholesomeness.

In Dutch: Zuiverheid; In Finnish: Puhtaus; In Spanish: Pureza; In German: Reinheit; In Malay: Kesucian; In Swedish: Renhet; In French: 笔耻谤别迟茅

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Purity'

Buddhism Books

Purity in Buddhism encompasses a clean, compassionate lifestyle, freedom from mental defilements, and moral integrity, essential for enlightenment. It involves embracing vows and training to achieve spiritual clarity, contrasting modest individuals with those lacking shame.

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Lankavatara Sutra

(1) The concept of maintaining a clean and compassionate lifestyle free from the ethical complications associated with meat-eating.[1] (2) A state of being free from mental defilements and impurities, reflecting one's deeper understanding and enlightenment.[2]

From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

(1) Achieved by considering dharmas free from bonds, according to the bodhisattva doctrine.[3]

From: Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra

(1) A state devoid of defilements, representing spiritual clarity and moral integrity.[4]

From: Shurangama Sutra (with commentary) (English)

(1) The state of being free from defilements or impurities, regarded as essential in attaining liberation in Buddhism.[5]

From: Akshayamatinirdesha [english]

(1) The letter is teaching to take upon oneself all the vows, morality, training, qualities of this and austerities in body, speech and thought; while the meaning is knowledge of this.[6]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Dhammapada (Illustrated)

(1) A central theme in Buddhism that involves living a life free from moral impurity and attachment, sought after by the modest person in contrast to the shameless individual.[7]

From: Cetasikas

(1) A characteristic of kusala citta indicating freedom from defilements and attachment, resulting in a clear state of mind.[8]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Hindu concept of 'Purity'

Hinduism Books

Purity in Hinduism represents a vital state of being free from physical and spiritual impurities. Achieving purity involves moral integrity, cleanliness, and adherence to sacred practices, essential for performing rituals and attaining closeness to the divine.

Significance in Dharmashastra (religious law):
Dharmashastra Books

From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi

(1) A state achieved through the confession of guilt, as described in the context of the congregation of Brahmanas and Kshatriyas.[9] (2) Maintaining cleanliness both in terms of physical hygiene and moral integrity, especially concerning food.[10] (3) A state of being free from impurity; in the context, it refers to the status achieved after the prescribed duration of impurity has passed.[11] (4) A state of being untainted or innocent, which the text claims women struggle to maintain without the ability to engage with sacred texts.[12] (5) A principle referring to both external cleanliness and spiritual integrity, achieved through avoidance of forbidden substances and associations.[13]

From: Baudhayana Dharmasutra

(1) A necessary condition for conducting rituals, related to cleanliness and the state's appropriateness of participants and offerings.[14]

From: Gobhila-grihya-sutra

(1) The state of being clean, both physically and spiritually, which is required before performing rituals.[15]

Dharmashastra contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu

(1) A quality that contributes to the proper conditions for experiencing madhura-rasa, indicating cleanliness or moral integrity.[16] (2) Indicates a state of cleanliness or untainted quality that enhances the vibhava; during an aesthetic experience, purity is essential for clarity.[17]

From: Garga Samhita (English)

(1) The state of being clean or free from impurities, both in a physical and moral sense.[18]

From: Chaitanya Bhagavata

(1) The state attained by individuals, including merchants and the fallen, when they become liberated from material constraints.[19]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Yoga (school of philosophy):
Yoga Books

From: Yoga-sutras (with Bhoja鈥檚 Rajamartanda)

(1) The state of being clean or free from dirt, which in this context relates to the perception that the body is inherently impure.[20]

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as asanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Devi Bhagavata Purana

(1) Ruru's state of being, which he offers as a means to restore Pramadvara's life through his spiritual merit.[21]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar):
Vyakarana Books

From: Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari

(1) A characteristic signifying cleanness or clarity, which also serves as a means to express degrees of excellence or quality.[22]

Vyakarana refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation)

(1) The state achieved by the brahma priest through silence and mental focus; a necessary condition for effectively purifying the path of the mind.[23]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Jain concept of 'Purity'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Purity encompasses a foundational principle of cleanliness in body, mind, and spirit, relates to the empty state of palya, engages in theological debate, and signifies freedom from sin, often associated with water and food practices.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) A dharma principle that signifies cleanliness in body, mind, and spirit.[24] (2) A concept debated in the context of Coksha's teachings regarding the meaning and source of dharma.[25]

From: Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti)

(1) The condition of the palya when it becomes empty and devoid of hair-tips.[26]

From: Sutrakritanga (English translation)

(1) The state of being free from sin or contamination, often linked to the use of water or food.[27]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Purity in local and regional sources

History Books

Purity is depicted as a vital quality for progress, essential for true religious practice, personal success, and maintaining health and integrity. It embodies moral clarity and is necessary for achieving personal and communal goals.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda

(1) The speaker dilated at some length on the high code of morality and purity of life that the ethics of Buddha taught, highlighting the importance of ethics.[28] (2) It is a quality upon which the work has been sustained, indicating a state of being unadulterated and free from any impurities.[29] (3) This refers to the state of being pure.[30] (4) The quality or state that, along with patience and perseverance, can overcome any impediment that stands in the way of success or achievement, as mentioned in the provided text.[31] (5) One of the three qualities the author is looking for in individuals to help with his work, and is essential for his goals.[32]

From: History of Science in South Asia

(1) This is a well-known issue of medical and religious anthropology, often associated with an anthropological approach to managing health matters, which includes maintaining bodily integrity, preventing illnesses, and preserving sacredness.[33]